\section{Group -- Plant Equipment}\label{group-plant-equipment}

\subsection{Equipment Types}\label{equipment-types-000}

In each \textbf{\hyperref[plantequipmentlist]{PlantEquipmentList}} described using the above syntax, various equipment types and names must be given. Each type-name pair must then have a corresponding equipment definition. This subsection lists the various equipment types that are available and examples from an IDF. Where appropriate, notes and comments on the input structure are provided.

\subsection{Generic Chiller Outputs}\label{generic-chiller-outputs}

Many output variable names are common across all chiller types. These generic chiller output names all begin with the word ``Chiller''. Certain chiller types have additional output variables which are specific to that type of chiller. Chiller energy use is added to the appropriate plant-level meters as a cooling end-use.

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Electricity:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:Electricity {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,EnergyTransfer:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Chillers:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller COP {[}W/W{]}
\end{itemize}

The following output is applicable only for air-cooled or evap-cooled chillers

\begin{itemize}
    \tightlist
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

The following outputs are applicable only for evap-cooled chillers

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

The following three outputs are only available for water-cooled chillers

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Drive Shaft Power {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Drive Shaft Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRecovery:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Lube Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Lube Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Jacket Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Jacket Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average, Chiller Exhaust Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Exhaust Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Total Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Total Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Exhaust Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Effective Heat Rejection Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

The following blocks of outputs are for steam and fuel-driven chillers

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller NaturalGas Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller NaturalGas Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller NaturalGas Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller NaturalGas Mass {[}kg{]}
\end{itemize}

For steam absorption chillers:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Source Steam Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum, Chiller Source Steam Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Steam Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

For hot water absorption chillers:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Source Hot Water Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Source Hot Water Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Steam:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Hot Water Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

The following output is applicable only for indirect absorption chillersHVAC,Average,Chiller Part Load Ratio

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Cycling Ratio {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Propane Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Propane Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Propane Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Diesel Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Diesel Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Diesel Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Gasoline Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Gasoline Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Gasoline Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller FuelOilNo1 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller FuelOilNo1 Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller FuelOilNo1 Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller FuelOilNo2 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller FuelOilNo2 Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller FuelOilNo2 Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller OtherFuel1 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller OtherFuel1 Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller OtherFuel1 Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller OtherFuel2 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller OtherFuel2 Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller OtherFuel2 Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

The following output is available only for electric chillers (i.e., Chiller:Electric, Chiller:Electric:EIR, Chiller:Electric:ReformulatedEIR and Chiller:ConstantCOP) and the cooling model of the plant loop heat pump (i.e., HeatPump:PlantLoop:EIR:Cooling).

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Thermosiphon Status {[]}
\end{itemize}

\subsubsection{Chiller Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-electric-power-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-electric-energy-j}

These outputs are the electric power input to the chiller. In the case of steam or fuel-powered chillers, this represents the internal chiller pumps and other electric power consumption. Consumption is metered on Cooling:Electricity, Electricity:Plant, and Electricity:Facility.

\subsubsection{Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-evaporator-cooling-rate-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Evaporator Cooling Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-evaporator-cooling-energy-j}

These outputs are the evaporator heat transfer which is the cooling delivered by the chiller. Chiller Evaporator Cooling Energy is metered on Chillers:EnergyTransfer, EnergyTransfer:Plant, and EnergyTransfer:Facility.

\subsubsection{Chiller Evaporator Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-evaporator-inlet-temperature-c}

\subsubsection{Chiller Evaporator Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-evaporator-outlet-temperature-c}

\subsubsection{Chiller Evaporator Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-evaporator-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

These outputs are the evaporator (chilled water) inlet and outlet temperatures and flow rate.

\subsubsection{Chiller COP {[}W/W{]}}\label{chiller-cop-ww}

This output is the coefficient of performance for the chiller during cooling operation. It is calculated as the evaporator heat transfer rate (Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate) divided by the ``fuel'' consumption rate by the chiller. For the constant COP and electric chillers, the ``fuel'' is electricity so the divisor is Chiller Electricity Rate {[}W{]}. For the absorption chiller, the ``fuel'' is steam so the divisor is Steam Consumption Rate {[}W{]}.

\emph{Note that this variable is reported as zero when the chiller is not operating. When reported for frequencies longer than ``detailed'' (such as timestep, hourly, daily, monthly or environment), this output will only be meaningful when the chiller is operating for the entire reporting period. To determine an average COP for a longer time period, compute the COP based on total evaporator heat transfer divided by total electric or fuel input over the desired period.}

\subsubsection{Chiller Part Load Ratio}\label{chiller-part-load-ratio}

This output is the operating part-load ratio of the indirect absorption chiller. This output may fall below the minimum part-load ratio specified in the input. For this case, the Chiller Cycling Ratio is used to further define the performance of the indirect absorption chiller.

\subsubsection{Chiller Cycling Ratio}\label{chiller-cycling-ratio}

This output is the fraction of the timestep the indirect absorption chiller operates. When the chiller operates above the minimum part-load ratio, a Chiller Cycling Ratio of 1 is reported. When the chiller operates below the minimum part-load ratio, the Chiller Cycling Ratio reports the fraction of the timestep the indirect absorption chiller operates.

\subsubsection{Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-condenser-heat-transfer-rate-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-condenser-heat-transfer-energy-j}

These outputs are the condenser heat transfer which is the heat rejected from the chiller to either a condenser water loop or through an air-cooled condenser. Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy is metered on HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer, EnergyTransfer:Plant, and EnergyTransfer:Facility.

\subsubsection{Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-condenser-inlet-temperature-c}

This output is the condenser (heat rejection) inlet temperature for air-cooled or evap-cooled chillers. For an air-cooled chiller, this output would be the dry-bulb temperature of the air entering the condenser coil. For an evap-cooled chiller, this output would be the wet-bulb temperature of the air entering the evaporatively-cooled condenser coil.

\subsubsection{Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-basin-heater-electric-power-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-basin-heater-electric-energy-j}

These outputs are the electric power input to the chiller's basin heater (for evaporatively-cooled condenser type). Consumption is metered on Chillers:Electricity, Electricity:Plant, and Electricity:Facility

\subsubsection{Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-condenser-inlet-temperature-c-1}

\subsubsection{Chiller Condenser Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-condenser-outlet-temperature-c}

\subsubsection{Chiller Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-condenser-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

These outputs are the condenser (heat rejection) inlet and outlet temperatures and flow rate for water-cooled chillers.

\subsubsection{Chiller Drive Shaft Power {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-drive-shaft-power-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Drive Shaft Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-drive-shaft-energy-j}

For engine-driven and turbine-driven chillers, these outputs are the shaft power produced by the prime mover and transferred to the chiller compressor.

\subsubsection{Chiller Lube Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-lube-recovered-heat-rate-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Lube Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-lube-recovered-heat-energy-j}

\subsubsection{Chiller Jacket Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-jacket-recovered-heat-rate-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Jacket Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-jacket-recovered-heat-energy-j}

\subsubsection{Chiller Exhaust Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-exhaust-recovered-heat-rate-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Exhaust Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-exhaust-recovered-heat-energy-j}

\subsubsection{Chiller Total Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-total-recovered-heat-rate-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Total Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-total-recovered-heat-energy-j}

For chillers with heat recovery, such as engine-driven chillers, these outputs are the components of recoverable energy available. For a given chiller type, one or more of the following components may be applicable:~ Lube (engine lubricant), Jacket (engine coolant), Exhaust (engine exhaust), and Total. Chiller Lube Recovered Heat Energy, Chiller Jacket Recovered Heat Energy, and Chiller Exhaust Heat Recovery Energy are metered on HeatRecovery:EnergyTransfer, EnergyTransfer:Plant, and EnergyTransfer:Facility.

\subsubsection{Chiller Exhaust Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-exhaust-temperature-c}

This is the exhaust temperature leaving an engine chiller.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heat Recovery Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heat-recovery-inlet-temperature-c}

\subsubsection{Chiller Heat Recovery Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heat-recovery-outlet-temperature-c}

\subsubsection{Chiller Heat Recovery Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-heat-recovery-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

These outputs are the heat recovery inlet and outlet temperatures and flow rate for chillers with heat recovery such as engine-driven and gas turbine chillers.

\subsubsection{Chiller Effective Heat Rejection Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-effective-heat-rejection-temperature-c}

This output variable is available for heat recovery chillers that model split bundle condenser.~ The condenser fluid temperatures used to characterize chiller performance are modified to account for the temperature of the heat recovery fluid.~ This output is the resulting temperature used for characterizing chiller performance and is a blend of the temperatures in the condenser and heat recovery fluid streams.~ For the \hyperref[chillerelectric]{Chiller:Electric} and \hyperref[chillerelectriceir]{Chiller:Electric:EIR} models, this is an effective inlet temperature while for the \hyperref[chillerelectricreformulatedeir]{Chiller:Electric:ReformulatedEIR} model, this is an effective outlet temperature.

\subsubsection{Chiller \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-fuel-type-rate-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Energy~ {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-fuel-type-energy-j}

\subsubsection{Chiller~ \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-fuel-type-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

\subsubsection{Chiller Gas~ Mass {[}kg{]} (Gas Turbine Chiller only)}\label{chiller-gas-mass-kg-gas-turbine-chiller-only}

These outputs are the steam or fuel input for steam or fuel-fired chillers. Valid fuel types depend on the type of chiller. \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} may be one of:~ Gas (natural gas), Steam, Propane, Diesel, Gasoline, FuelOilNo1, FuelOilNo2, OtherFuel1 and OtherFuel2. Consumption is metered on Cooling:\textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}, \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}:Plant, and \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}:Facility.

\subsubsection{Chiller Source Hot Water Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-source-hot-water-rate-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Source Hot Water Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-source-hot-water-energy-j}

\subsubsection{Chiller Source Steam Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-source-steam-rate-w}

\subsection{Chiller:Absorption}\label{chillerabsorption}

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-036}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-035}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the absorption chiller.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-001}

This numeric field contains the nominal cooling capability of the chiller in Watts.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Pumping Power}\label{field-nominal-pumping-power}

This numeric field contains the nominal pumping power of the absorber in Watts.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-inlet-node-name-000}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the absorption chiller plant side inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-node-name-000}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the absorption chiller plant side outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Inlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-inlet-node-name}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the absorption chiller condenser side inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Outlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-outlet-node-name}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name given to the Heat Recovery Loop Component Outlet Node.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-001}

This numeric field contains the absorption chiller's minimum part load ratio. The expected range is between 0 and 1. The minimum part load is not the load where the machine shuts off, but where the amount of power remains constant to produce smaller loads than this fraction.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-001}

This numeric field contains the absorption chiller's maximum part load ratio. This value may exceed 1, but the normal range is between 0 and 1.1.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-001}

This numeric field contains the absorption chiller's optimum part load ratio. This is the part load ratio at which the chiller performs at its maximum COP.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Inlet Temperature}\label{field-design-condenser-inlet-temperature}

This numeric field contains the absorption chiller's condenser inlet design temperature in Celsius.

\paragraph{Field: Design Chilled Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-chilled-water-flow-rate}

For variable volume chiller this is the maximum flow and for constant flow chiller this is the design flow rate. The units are in cubic meters per second.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-condenser-water-flow-rate}

This numeric field contains the absorption chiller's design condenser water flow rate in cubic meters per second.

\paragraph{Generator Heat Input Part Load Ratio Curve}\label{generator-heat-input-part-load-ratio-curve}

The Generator Heat Input Part Load Ratio Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the Ratio of the generator load on the absorber to the demand on the chiller. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    SteamInputRatio = \frac{{C1}}{{PLR}} + C2 + C3 * PLR
\end{equation}

The following three fields contain the coefficients for the equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of the Steam Use Part Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-the-steam-use-part-load-ratio-curve}

C1 in the Generator Heat Input Part Load Ratio Curve. This value is obtained by fitting manufacturers' performance data to the curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of the Steam Use Part Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-the-steam-use-part-load-ratio-curve}

C2 in the Generator Heat Input Part Load Ratio Curve. This value is obtained by fitting manufacturers' performance data to the curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of the Steam Use Part Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-the-steam-use-part-load-ratio-curve}

C3 in the Generator Heat Input Part Load Ratio Curve. This value is obtained by fitting manufacturers' performance data to the curve.

\paragraph{Pump Electric Use Part Load Ratio Curve}\label{pump-electric-use-part-load-ratio-curve}

The Pump Electric Use Part Load Ratio Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the Ratio of~ the actual absorber pumping power to the nominal pumping power. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    ElectricInputRatio = C1 + C2 * PLR + C3 * PL{R^2}
\end{equation}

The following three fields contain the coefficients for the equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of the Pump Electric Use Part Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-the-pump-electric-use-part-load-ratio-curve}

C1 in the Pump Electric Use Part Load Ratio Curve. This value is obtained by fitting manufacturers' performance data to the curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of the Pump Electric Use Part Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-the-pump-electric-use-part-load-ratio-curve}

C2 in the Pump Electric Use Part Load Ratio Curve. This value is obtained by fitting manufacturers' performance data to the curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of the Pump Electric Use Part Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-the-pump-electric-use-part-load-ratio-curve}

C3 in the Pump Electric Use Part Load Ratio Curve. This value is obtained by fitting manufacturers' performance data to the curve.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-temperature-lower-limit}

This numeric field contains the lower limit for the evaporator outlet temperature. This temperature acts as a cut off for heat transfer in the evaporator, so that the fluid doesn't get too cold.

\paragraph{Field: Generator Inlet Node Name}\label{field-generator-inlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name given to the Generator Inlet Node. A steam or hot water loop is not required to simulate an absorption chiller. If a steam/hot water loop is used, enter the name of the generator inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Generator Outlet Node Name}\label{field-generator-outlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name given to the Generator Outlet Node. A steam or hot water loop is not required to simulate an absorption chiller. If a steam/hot water loop is used, enter the name of the generator outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Flow Mode}\label{field-chiller-flow-mode}

This choice field determines how the chiller operates with respect to the intended fluid flow through the device's evaporator. ~There are three different choices for specifying operating modes for the intended flow behavior:~ ``NotModulated,'' ``ConstantFlow,'' and ``LeavingSetpointModulated.''~ NotModulated is useful for either variable or constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller is passive in the sense that although it makes a nominal request for its design flow rate it can operate at varying flow rates.~ ConstantFlow is useful for constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller's request for flow is stricter and can increase the overall loop flow.~ LeavingSetpointModulated changes the chiller model to internally vary the flow rate so that the temperature leaving the chiller matches a setpoint at the evaporator outlet.~ For this absorption chiller, this mode also affects the flow rate on the generator connection.~ In all cases the operation of the external plant system can also impact the flow through the chiller -- for example if the relative sizes and operation are such that flow is restricted and the requests cannot be met.~ The default, if not specified, is NotModulated.~ This flow mode does not impact the condenser loop connection.

\paragraph{Field: Generator Fluid Type}\label{field-generator-fluid-type}

This choice field specifies the type of fluid used to heat the generator solution. The valid choices are \textbf{HotWater} or \textbf{Steam}. This field should be specified as Steam or left blank if the generator inlet/outlet nodes are not specified.

\paragraph{Field: Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate}\label{field-design-generator-fluid-flow-rate}

This numeric field contains the absorption chiller's design condenser fluid flow rate in cubic meters per second.

\paragraph{Field: Degree of Subcooling in Steam Generator}\label{field-degree-of-subcooling-in-steam-generator}

Ideally, the steam trap located at the outlet of the generator should remove all the condensate immediately, however, there is a delay in this process in actual systems which causes the condensate to SubCool by a certain amount before leaving the generator. This amount of subcooling is included in the heat transferred to the solution in the generator. The minimum value is 0º Celsius and default is 5º Celsius. This field is not used when the generator inlet/outlet node are not specified or the generator is connected to a hot water loop.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-001}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Nominal Capacity, Nominal Pumping Power, Design Chilled Water Flow Rate, Design Condenser Water Flow Rate and Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate. Sizing factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

Following is an example input for an Absorption Chiller.

\begin{lstlisting}
Chiller:Absorption,
  Big Chiller,                !- Chiller Name
  50000,                      !- Nominal Capacity {W}
  250,                        !- Nominal Pumping Power {W}
  Big Chiller Inlet Node,     !- Plant_Side_Inlet_Node
  Big Chiller Outlet Node,    !- Plant_Side_Outlet_Node
  Big Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Condenser_Side_Inlet_Node
  Big Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,  !- Condenser_Side_Outlet_Node
  0.15,                       !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  0.65,                       !- Opt Part Load Ratio
  35.0,                       !- Temp Design Condenser Inlet {C}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.03303,                    !- Coefficient1 of the steam use part load ratio curve
  0.6852,                     !- Coefficient2 of the steam use part load ratio curve
  0.2818,                     !- Coefficient3 of the steam use part load ratio curve
  1.0,                        !- Coefficient1 of the pump electric use part load ratio curve
  0,                          !- Coefficient2 of the pump electric part load ratio curve
  0,                          !- Coefficient3 of the pump electric use part load ratio curve
  5,                          !- Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit {C}
  AbsorberSteamInletNode,     !- Generator Inlet Node Name
  AbsorberSteamOutletNode,    !- Generator Outlet Node Name
  VariableFlow,               !- Chiller Flow Mode
  Steam,                      !- Generator Fluid Type
  autosize,                   !- Design Generator Volumetric Fluid Flow Rate {m3/s}
  2.0;                        !- Degree of Subcooling in Steam Generator {C}
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-025}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Electricity:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:Electricity {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,EnergyTransfer:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Chillers:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller COP {[}W/W{]}
\end{itemize}

For Chillers with Steam Generators:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average, Chiller Source Steam Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum, Chiller Source Steam Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Steam Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

For Chillers with Hot Water Generators:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Source Hot Water Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Source Hot Water Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Hot Water Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

These chiller output variables are defined above under ``Generic Chiller Outputs.''

\subsection{Chiller:Absorption:Indirect}\label{chillerabsorptionindirect}

The Chiller:Absorption:Indirect object is an enhanced version of the absorption chiller model found in the Building Loads and System Thermodynamics (BLAST) program. This enhanced model is nearly identical to the existing absorption chiller model (Ref. \hyperref[chillerabsorption]{Chiller:Absorption}) with the exceptions that: 1) the enhanced indirect absorption chiller model provides more flexible performance curves and 2) chiller performance now includes the impact of varying evaporator, condenser, and generator temperatures. Since these absorption chiller models are nearly identical (i.e., the performance curves of the enhanced model can be manipulated to produce similar results to the previous model), it is quite probable that the \hyperref[chillerabsorption]{Chiller:Absorption} model will be deprecated in a future release of EnergyPlus.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-1-033}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-1-032}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the indirect absorption chiller.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-1-001}

This required numeric field contains the nominal cooling capability of the chiller in Watts. This field must be greater than 0 and is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Pumping Power}\label{field-nominal-pumping-power-1}

This required numeric field contains the nominal pumping power of the chiller in Watts. The minimum value for this field is 0 and is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-inlet-node-name-1-000}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller chilled water inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-node-name-1-000}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller chilled water outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Inlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-inlet-node-name-1}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Outlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-outlet-node-name-1}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name given to the chiller outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-1-001}

This numeric field contains the chiller's minimum part-load ratio. The expected range is between 0 and 1. The minimum part load is not the load where the machine shuts off, but where the amount of power remains constant to produce smaller loads than this fraction.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-1-001}

This numeric field contains the chiller's maximum part-load ratio. This value may exceed 1, but the normal range is between 0 and 1.1.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-1-001}

This numeric field contains the chiller's optimum part-load ratio. This is the part-load ratio at which the chiller performs at its maximum COP.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Inlet Temperature}\label{field-design-condenser-inlet-temperature-1}

This numeric field contains the chiller's condenser inlet design temperature in Celsius. The default value for this field is 30º C and is only used when the Design Chilled Water Flow Rate is autosized.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Inlet Temperature Lower Limit}\label{field-condenser-inlet-temperature-lower-limit}

This numeric field contains the chiller's lower limit for the condenser entering water temperature in Celsius. The default value for this field is 15º C. If this limit is exceeded, a warning message will report the incident. No correction to chiller capacity is made for low condenser entering water temperatures.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-temperature-lower-limit-1}

This numeric field contains the chiller's lower limit for the evaporator leaving water temperature in Celsius. The default value for this field is 5º C. If this limit is exceeded, a warning message will report the incident. No correction to chiller capacity is made for low evaporator leaving water temperatures.

\paragraph{Field: Design Chilled Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-chilled-water-flow-rate-1}

This numeric input specifies the design evaporator volumetric flow rate in cubic meters per second. The value specified must be greater than 0 or this field is autosizable. For variable volume chiller this is the maximum flow and for constant flow chiller this is the design flow rate.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-condenser-water-flow-rate-1}

This numeric field specifies the chiller's design condenser water flow rate in cubic meters per second. The value specified must be greater than 0 or this field is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Flow Mode}\label{field-chiller-flow-mode-1}

This choice field determines how the chiller operates with respect to the intended fluid flow through the device's evaporator.~ There are three different choices for specifying operating modes for the intended flow behavior:~ ``NotModulated,'' ``ConstantFlow,'' and ``LeavingSetpointModulated.''~ NotModulated is useful for either variable or constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller is passive in the sense that although it makes a nominal request for its design flow rate it can operate at varying flow rates.~ ConstantFlow is useful for constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller's request for flow is stricter and can increase the overall loop flow.~ LeavingSetpointModulated changes the chiller model to internally vary the flow rate so that the temperature leaving the chiller matches a setpoint at the evaporator outlet.~ For this absorption chiller, this mode also affects the flow rate on the generator connection.~ In all cases the operation of the external plant system can also impact the flow through the chiller -- for example if the relative sizes and operation are such that flow is restricted and the requests cannot be met.~ The default, if not specified, is NotModulated.~ This flow mode does not impact the condenser loop connection.

\paragraph{Field: Generator Heat Input Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{field-generator-heat-input-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve-name}

This required alpha field specifies the name of the curve used to determine the heat input to the chiller. The curve is a quadratic or cubic curve which characterizes the heat input as a function of chiller part-load ratio. The curve output is multiplied by the chiller's nominal capacity and operating part-load ratio or minimum part-load ratio, whichever is greater, to determine the amount of heat input required for the given operating conditions.

\paragraph{Field: Pump Electric Input Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{field-pump-electric-input-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve-name}

This alpha field specifies the name of the curve used to determine the pump electrical input to the chiller. The curve is a quadratic or cubic curve which characterizes the pump electrical power as a function of chiller part-load ratio. The curve output is multiplied by the chiller's nominal pumping power and operating part-load ratio or minimum part-load ratio, whichever is greater, to determine the amount of pumping power required for the given operating conditions.

\paragraph{Field: Generator Inlet Node Name}\label{field-generator-inlet-node-name-1}

This alpha field contains the identifying name given to the Generator Inlet Node. A steam or hot water loop is not required to simulate an indirect absorption chiller. If a steam/hot water loop is used, enter the name of the generator inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Generator Outlet Node Name}\label{field-generator-outlet-node-name-1}

This alpha field contains the identifying name given to the Generator Outlet Node. A steam or hot water loop is not required to simulate an indirect absorption chiller. If a steam/hot water loop is used, enter the name of the generator outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Capacity Correction Function of Condenser Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-capacity-correction-function-of-condenser-temperature-curve-name}

This alpha field specifies the name of a quadratic or cubic curve which correlates the chiller's evaporator capacity as a function of condenser entering water temperature. This curve is used to correct nominal capacity at off-design condensing temperatures.

\paragraph{Field: Capacity Correction Function of Chilled Water Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-capacity-correction-function-of-chilled-water-temperature-curve-name}

This alpha field specifies the name of a quadratic or cubic curve which correlates the chiller's evaporator capacity as a function of evaporator leaving water temperature. This curve is used to correct nominal capacity at off-design evaporator temperatures.

\paragraph{Field: Capacity Correction Function of Generator Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-capacity-correction-function-of-generator-temperature-curve-name}

This alpha field specifies the name of a quadratic or cubic curve which correlates the chiller's evaporator capacity as a function of generator entering water temperature. This curve is used to correct nominal capacity at off-design evaporator temperatures and is only used when the Generator Fluid Type is specified as Hot Water.

\paragraph{Field: Generator Heat Input Correction Function of Condenser Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-generator-heat-input-correction-function-of-condenser-temperature-curve-name}

This alpha field specifies the name of a quadratic or cubic curve which correlates the chiller's heat input as a function of condenser entering water temperature. This curve is used to correct generator heat input at off-design condensing temperatures.

\paragraph{Field: Generator Heat Input Correction Function of Chilled Water Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-generator-heat-input-correction-function-of-chilled-water-temperature-curve-name}

This alpha field specifies the name of a quadratic or cubic curve which correlates the chiller's heat input as a function of evaporator leaving water temperature. This curve is used to correct generator heat input at off-design evaporator temperatures.

\paragraph{Field: Generator Heat Source Type}\label{field-generator-heat-source-type}

This choice field specifies the type of fluid used to heat the generator solution. The valid choices are \textbf{HotWater} or \textbf{Steam}. This input is used to identify the method used to calculate the generator mass flow rate. This field is not used if the generator inlet/outlet nodes are not specified. The default value is Steam.

\paragraph{Field: Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate}\label{field-design-generator-fluid-flow-rate-1}

This numeric field specifies the chiller's design generator \emph{fluid} flow rate in cubic meters per second. The value specified must be greater than 0 or this field is autosizable. For variable flow chillers this is the maximum generator flow rate, for constant flow chillers this is the flow rate.

\paragraph{Field: Temperature Lower Limit Generator Inlet}\label{field-temperature-lower-limit-generator-inlet}

This numeric field specifies the lower limit of the generator's entering water temperature. This field is not used if the Generator Fluid Type is specified as steam.

\paragraph{Field: Degree of Subcooling in Steam Generator}\label{field-degree-of-subcooling-in-steam-generator-1}

Ideally the steam trap located at the outlet of generator should remove all the condensate immediately, however there is a delay in this process in actual systems which causes the condensate to SubCool by a certain degree before leaving the generator. This amount of subcooling is included in the heat transferred to the solution in the generator. The minimum value is 0º Celsius, the maximum value is 20º Celsius, and the default is 1º Celsius.

\paragraph{Field: Degree of Subcooling in Steam Condensate Loop}\label{field-degree-of-subcooling-in-steam-condensate-loop}

This essentially represents the heat loss to the atmosphere due to uninsulated condensate return piping to the boiler. Condensate return piping operates at atmospheric pressure and is not insulated. The condensate sub cools to certain degree before it is pumped back to the boiler. The minimum value is 0º Celsius and the default is 0º Celsius.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-1-001}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Nominal Capacity, Nominal Pumping Power, Design Chilled Water Flow Rate, Design Condenser Water Flow Rate and Design Generator Fluid Flow Rate. Sizing factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

Following is an example input for an Absorption Chiller.

\begin{lstlisting}
Chiller:Absorption:Indirect,
  Big Chiller,                !- Chiller Name
  100000,                     !- Nominal Capacity {W}
  250,                        !- Nominal Pumping Power {W}
  Big Chiller Inlet Node,     !- Evaporator Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Outlet Node,    !- Evaporator Outlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Condenser Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,  !- Condenser Outlet Node Name
  0.15,                       !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  0.65,                       !- Opt Part Load Ratio
  35.0,                       !- Temp Design Condenser Inlet {C}
  10.0,                       !- Temp Lower Limit Condenser Inlet {C}
  5.0,                        !- Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit {C}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  VariableFlow,               !- Chiller Flow Mode
  SteamUseFPLR,               !- Generator Heat Input function of part-load ratio curve name
  PumpUseFPLR,                !- Pump Electric Input function of part-load ratio curve name
  AbsorberSteamInletNode,     !- Generator Inlet Node Name
  AbsorberSteamOutletNode,    !- Generator Outlet Node Name
  CAPfCOND,                   !- Capacity Correction function of condenser temperature curve name
  CAPfEVAP,                   !- Capacity Correction function of evaporator temperature curve name
  ,                           !- Capacity Correction function of generator temperature curve name
  SteamFCondTemp,             !- Generator Heat Input Correction function of condenser temperature curve name
  SteamFEvapTemp,             !- Generator Heat Input Correction function of evaporator temperature curve name
  Steam,                      !- Generator Heat Source Type
  autosize,                   !- Design Generator Volumetric Fluid Flow Rate {m3/s}
  30.0,                       !- Temp Lower Limit Generator Inlet {C}
  2.0,                        !- Degree of Subcooling in Steam Generator {C}
  12.0;                       !- Degree of Subcooling in Steam Condensate Loop {C}
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-1-019}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Electricity:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:Electricity {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,EnergyTransfer:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Chillers:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller COP {[}W/W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Part-Load Ratio
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Cycling Ratio
\end{itemize}

For Chillers with Steam Generators:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average, Chiller Source Steam Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum, Chiller Source Steam Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Steam:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:Steam {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average, Chiller Steam Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average, Chiller Steam Heat Loss Rate {[}W{]}
\end{itemize}

For Chillers with Hot Water Generators:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average, Chiller Source Hot Water Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum, Chiller Source Hot Water Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,EnergyTransfer:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average, Chiller Hot Water Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

These chiller output variables are defined above under ``Generic Chiller Outputs.''

\subsection{Chiller:ConstantCOP}\label{chillerconstantcop}

This chiller model is based on a simple, constant COP simulation of the chiller. In this case, performance does not vary with chilled water temperature or condenser conditions.

Such a model is useful when the user does not have access to detailed performance data.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-2-030}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-2-029}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the constant COP chiller.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-2-000}

This numeric field contains the nominal cooling capability of the chiller in Watts.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal COP}\label{field-nominal-cop-000}

This numeric field contains the Chiller's coefficient of performance.

\paragraph{Field: Design Chilled Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-chilled-water-flow-rate-2}

For variable volume chiller this is the maximum flow and for constant flow chiller this is the design flow rate. The units are in cubic meters per second.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-condenser-water-flow-rate-2}

This numeric field contains the electric chiller's design condenser water flow rate in cubic meters per second. This field is autosizable. This field is not used for Condenser Type = AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-inlet-node-name-2}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the constant COP chiller plant side inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-node-name-2}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the constant COP chiller plant side outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Inlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-inlet-node-name-2}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the constant COP chiller condenser side inlet node. This node name is required if the chiller is WaterCooled, and optional if the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and a condenser inlet node name is specified here, the node name specified must also be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnode]{OutdoorAir:Node} object where the height of the node is taken into consideration when calculating outdoor air temperature from the weather data. Alternately, the node name may be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnodelist]{OutdoorAir:NodeList} object where the outdoor air temperature is taken directly from the weather data. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and this field is left blank, the program automatically creates an outdoor air node and the air temperature information on this node is taken directly from the weather file (no node height adjustment).

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Outlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-outlet-node-name-2}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the constant COP chiller condenser side outlet node. This node name is required if the chiller is WaterCooled, and optional if the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and this field is left blank, the program automatically creates a condenser side outlet air node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Type}\label{field-condenser-type-001}

This alpha field determines what type of condenser will be modeled with this chiller. The 3 type of condensers are AirCooled, WaterCooled, and EvaporativelyCooled with the default being AirCooled if not specified. AirCooled and EvaporativelyCooled do not require a \hyperref[condenserloop]{CondenserLoop} to be specified, whereas the WaterCooled option requires the full specification of the \hyperref[condenserloop]{CondenserLoop} and its associated equipment.

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Flow Mode}\label{field-chiller-flow-mode-2}

This choice field determines how the chiller operates with respect to the intended fluid flow through the device's evaporator.~ There are three different choices for specifying operating modes for the intended flow behavior:~ ``NotModulated,'' ``ConstantFlow,'' and ``LeavingSetpointModulated.''~ NotModulated is useful for either variable or constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller is passive in the sense that although it makes a nominal request for its design flow rate it can operate at varying flow rates.~ ConstantFlow is useful for constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller's request for flow is stricter and can increase the overall loop flow.~ LeavingSetpointModulated changes the chiller model to internally vary the flow rate so that the temperature leaving the chiller matches a setpoint.~ In all cases the operation of the external plant system can also impact the flow through the chiller -- for example if the relative sizes and operation are such that flow is restricted and the requests cannot be met.~ The default, if not specified, is NotModulated.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-2-000}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Nominal Capacity, Design Chilled Water Flow Rate and Design Condenser Water Flow Rate. Sizing Factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Capacity}\label{field-basin-heater-capacity-002}

This numeric field contains the capacity of the chiller's electric basin heater in watts per degree Kelvin. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. This field is used in conjunction with the Basin Heater Setpoint Temperature described in the following field. The basin heater electric power is equal to this field multiplied by the difference between the basin heater set point temperature and the outdoor dry-bulb temperature. The basin heater only operates when the chiller is off, regardless of the basin heater schedule described below. The basin heater capacity must be greater than or equal to zero, with a default value of zero if this field is left blank.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Setpoint Temperature}\label{field-basin-heater-setpoint-temperature-002}

This numeric field contains the set point temperature (˚C) for the basin heater described in the previous field. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. The basin heater is active when the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature falls below this setpoint temperature, as long as the chiller is off. This set point temperature must be greater than or equal to 2˚C, and the default value is 2˚C if this field is left blank.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Operating Schedule Name}\label{field-basin-heater-operating-schedule-name-002}

This alpha field contains the name of the basin heater operating schedule. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. The basin heater operating schedule is assumed to be an on/off schedule and the heater is available to operate any time the schedule value is greater than 0. The basin heater operates when scheduled on and the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature is below the set point temperature described in the previous field. If this field is left blank, the basin heater is available to operate throughout the simulation. Regardless of this schedule, the basin heater may only operate when the chiller is off.

\paragraph{Field: Thermosiphon Capacity Fraction Curve Name}\label{thermosiphon-capacity-fraction-curve-name1}

This optional field allows specification of a user-defined performance curve which defines the fraction of capacity available through refrigerant thermosiphoning when the condenser inlet temperature is lower than the evaporator outlet temperature. When this fraction is less than or equal to the chiller part-load ratio the load may be met by refrigerant thermosiphoning. During this time the chiller power is 0 W and the Thermosiphon Status flag is set to 1.

\begin{equation}
    ThermosiphonCapacityFraction = {C_1} + {C_2}{\Delta_{temp}}
\end{equation}

Where the Delta Temperature is defined as:

\begin{equation}
{\Delta_{{\rm{Temp}}}}
    = {\rm{TempEvapOut  -  TempCondIn }}
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Thermosiphon Minimum Temperature Difference}\label{thermosiphon-minimum-temperature-difference1}

This optional input field specifies the minimum temperature difference to activate refrigerant thermosiphoning. If the temperature difference described above is less than this value refrigerant thermosiphoning is disabled. If this field is blank the default value is 0 C.

An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
Chiller:ConstantCOP, Little Chiller,
  25000,                      !- Nominal Capacity [W]
  2.5,                        !- COP
  0.0011,                     !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate [m3/s]
  0.0011,                     !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate [m3/s]
  Little Chiller Inlet Node, Little Chiller Outlet Node,
  Little Chiller Condenser Inlet Node, Little Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,
  WaterCooled,
  VariableFlow;

Chiller:ConstantCOP,
  Little Chiller,             !- Name
  25000,                      !- Nominal Capacity {W}
  2.5,                        !- Nominal COP {W/W}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  Little Chiller Inlet Node,  !- Chilled Water Inlet Node Name
  Little Chiller Outlet Node, !- Chilled Water Outlet Node Name
  Little Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Condenser Inlet Node Name
  Little Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,  !- Condenser Outlet Node Name
  EvaporativelyCooled,        !- Condenser Type
  VariableFlow,               !- Chiller Flow Mode
  ,                           !- Sizing Factor
  450;                        !- Basin Heater Capacity {W/K}
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-2-015}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Electricity:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:Electricity {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,EnergyTransfer:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Chillers:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Thermosiphon Status {[]}
\end{itemize}

Air-cooled or Evap-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \tightlist
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

Evap-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Water-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

These chiller output variables are defined above under ``Generic Chiller Outputs.''

\subsection{Chiller:Electric}\label{chillerelectric}

This chiller model is the empirical model from the Building Loads and System Thermodynamics (BLAST) program. Capacity, power, and full load are each defined by a set of performance curves (quadratics). Chiller performance curves are generated by fitting catalog data to third order polynomial equations. The nominal inputs and curves described below are combined as follows to calculate the chiller power:

\begin{equation}
{\rm{Power  =  FracFullLoadPower }}
    \cdot {\rm{ FullLoadPowerRat }}\cdot {\rm{ AvailToNominalCapacityRatio }}\cdot \frac{{{\rm{NominalCapacity}}}}{{{\rm{COP}}}}
\end{equation}

where:

NominalCapacity = Nominal Capacity field

COP = COP field

AvailToNominalCapacityRatio = the result of the Capacity Ratio Curve

FullLoadPowerRat~ = the result of the Power Ratio Curve

FracFullLoadPower = the result of the Full Load Ratio Curve

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-3-026}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-3-023}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the electric chiller.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Type}\label{field-condenser-type-1-001}

This alpha field determines what type of condenser will be modeled with this chiller. The 3 type of condensers are AirCooled, WaterCooled, and EvaporativelyCooled with the default being AirCooled if not specified. AirCooled and EvaporativelyCooled do not require a Condenser Loop to be specified, where the WaterCooled option requires the full specification of the Condenser Loop and its associated equipment.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-3}

This numeric field contains the nominal cooling capability of the chiller in Watts.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal COP}\label{field-nominal-cop-1}

This numeric field contains the chiller's coefficient of performance. For a water-cooled chiller, this number does not include energy use due to condenser pumps and/or fans. For an air-cooled or evap-cooled chiller, this number includes condenser fan power.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-inlet-node-name-3}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the electric chiller plant side inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-node-name-3}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the electric chiller plant side outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Inlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-inlet-node-name-3}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the electric chiller condenser side inlet node. This node name is required if the chiller is WaterCooled, and optional if the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and a condenser inlet node name is specified here, the node name specified must also be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnode]{OutdoorAir:Node} object where the height of the node is taken into consideration when calculating outdoor air temperature from the weather data. Alternately, the node name may be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnodelist]{OutdoorAir:NodeList} object where the outdoor air temperature is taken directly from the weather data. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and this field is left blank, the program automatically creates an outdoor air node and the air temperature information on this node is taken directly from the weather file (no node height adjustment).

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Outlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-outlet-node-name-3}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the electric chiller condenser side outlet node. This node name is required if the chiller is WaterCooled, and optional if the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and this field is left blank, the program automatically creates a condenser side outlet air node.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-2}

This numeric field contains the electric chiller's minimum part load ratio. The expected range is between 0 and 1. The minimum part load is not the load where the machine shuts off, but where the amount of power remains constant to produce smaller loads than this fraction.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-2}

This numeric field contains the electric chiller's maximum part load ratio. This value may exceed 1, but the normal range is between 0 and 1.1.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-2}

This numeric field contains the electric chiller's optimum part load ratio. This is the part load ratio at which the chiller performs at its maximum COP.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Inlet Temperature}\label{field-design-condenser-inlet-temperature-2}

This numeric field contains the electric chiller's condenser inlet design temperature in Celsius.

\paragraph{Field: Temperature Rise Coefficient}\label{field-temperature-rise-coefficient}

This numeric field contains the electric chiller's temperature rise coefficient which is defined as the ratio of the required change in condenser water temperature to a given change in chilled water temperature, which maintains the capacity at the nominal value. This is calculated as the following ratio:

\begin{equation}
    \frac{{TCEn{t_{required}} - TCEn{t_{rated}}}}{{TEL{v_{required}} - TEL{v_{rated}}}}
\end{equation}

where:

TCEnt\(_{required}\) = Required entering condenser air or water temperature to maintain rated capacity.

TCEnt\(_{rated}\) = Rated entering condenser air or water temperature at rated capacity.

TELv\(_{required}\) = Required leaving evaporator water outlet temperature to maintain rated capacity.

TELv\(_{rated}\) = Rated leaving evaporator water outlet temperature at rated capacity.

\paragraph{Field: Design Chilled Water Outlet Temperature}\label{field-design-chilled-water-outlet-temperature}

This numeric field contains the electric chiller's evaporator outlet design temperature in Celsius.

\paragraph{Field: Design Chilled Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-chilled-water-flow-rate-3}

For variable volume chiller this is the maximum flow and for constant flow chiller this is the design flow rate. The units are in cubic meters per second.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Fluid Flow Rate}\label{field-design-condenser-fluid-flow-rate}

This numeric field contains the electric chiller's design condenser water flow rate in cubic meters per second. This field is autosizable. This field is also used to enter the air flow rate if the Condenser Type = AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and Heat Recovery is specified.

\paragraph{Capacity Ratio Curve}\label{capacity-ratio-curve}

The Capacity Ratio Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the Ratio of Available Capacity to Nominal Capacity. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    AvailToNominalCapacityRatio = {C_1} + {C_2}{\Delta_{temp}} + {C_3}\Delta_{temp}^2
\end{equation}

Where the Delta Temperature is defined as:

\begin{equation}
{\Delta_{{\rm{Temp}}}}
    = \frac{{{\rm{TempCondIn  -  TempCondInDesign }}}}{{{\rm{TempRiseCoefficient}}}} - ({\rm{TempEvapOut  -  TempEvapOutDesign)}}
\end{equation}

TempCondIn = Temperature entering the condenser (water or air temperature depending on condenser type).

TempCondInDesign = Design Condenser Inlet Temperature from User input above.

TempEvapOut = Temperature leaving the evaporator.

TempEvapOutDesign = Design Chilled Water Outlet Temperature from User input above.

TempRiseCoefficient = User Input from above.

The following three fields contain the coefficients for the quadratic equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Capacity Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-capacity-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the capacity ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Capacity Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-capacity-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the capacity ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Capacity Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-capacity-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the capacity ratio curve.

\paragraph{Power Ratio Curve}\label{power-ratio-curve}

The Power Ratio Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the Ratio of Full Load Power at Available Capacity to Full Load Power at Nominal Capacity. The defining equation is:

\(FullLoadPowerRatio = {C_1} + {C_2}AvailToNominalCapRatio + {C_3}AvailToNominalCapRati{o^2}\) The following three fields contain the coefficients for the quadratic equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient1 of the power ratio curve}\label{field-coefficient1-of-the-power-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the power ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Power Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-power-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the power ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Power Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-power-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the power ratio curve.

\paragraph{Full Load Ratio Curve}\label{full-load-ratio-curve}

The Full Load Ratio Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the fraction of full load power. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    FracFullLoadPower = {C_1} + {C_2}PartLoadRatio + {C_3}PartLoadRati{o^2}
\end{equation}

The following three fields contain the coefficients for the quadratic equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Full Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-full-load-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the full load ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Full Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-full-load-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the full load ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Full Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-full-load-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the full load ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-temperature-lower-limit-2}

This numeric field contains the lower limit for the evaporator outlet temperature. This temperature acts as a cut off for heat transfer in the evaporator, so that the fluid doesn't get too cold.

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Flow Mode}\label{field-chiller-flow-mode-3}

This choice field determines how the chiller operates with respect to the intended fluid flow through the device's evaporator.~ There are three different choices for specifying operating modes for the intended flow behavior:~ ``NotModulated,'' ``ConstantFlow,'' and ``LeavingSetpointModulated.''~ NotModulated is useful for either variable or constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller is passive in the sense that although it makes a nominal request for its design flow rate it can operate at varying flow rates.~ ConstantFlow is useful for constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller's request for flow is stricter and can increase the overall loop flow.~ LeavingSetpointModulated changes the chiller model to internally vary the flow rate so that the temperature leaving the chiller matches a setpoint.~ In all cases the operation of the external plant system can also impact the flow through the chiller -- for example if the relative sizes and operation are such that flow is restricted and the requests cannot be met.~ The default, if not specified, is NotModulated.

\paragraph{Field: Design Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-heat-recovery-water-flow-rate-000}

This is the design flow rate used if the heat recovery option is being simulated. If this value is greater than 0.0 then a heat recovery loop must be specified and attached to the chiller using the next 2 node fields. To determine how the heat recovery algorithm works look at the Engineering Manual at the Chiller:Electric with Heat Recovery section. The units are in cubic meters per second. This field is autosizable.~ When autosizing, the flow rate is simply the product of the design condenser flow rate and the condenser heat recovery relative capacity fraction set in the field below.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-inlet-node-name-000}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the electric chiller heat recovery side inlet node. A heat recovery loop must be specified.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-outlet-node-name-000}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the electric chiller heat recovery side outlet node. A heat recovery loop must be specified.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-3-000}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Nominal Capacity, Design Chilled Water Flow Rate and Design Condenser Water Flow Rate. Sizing Factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Capacity}\label{field-basin-heater-capacity-1-001}

This numeric field contains the capacity of the chiller's electric basin heater in watts per degree Kelvin. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. This field is used in conjunction with the Basin Heater Setpoint Temperature described in the following field. The basin heater electric power is equal to this field multiplied by the difference between the basin heater set point temperature and the outdoor dry-bulb temperature. The basin heater only operates when the chiller is off, regardless of the basin heater schedule described below. The basin heater capacity must be greater than or equal to zero, with a default value of zero if this field is left blank.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Setpoint Temperature}\label{field-basin-heater-setpoint-temperature-1-001}

This numeric field contains the set point temperature (˚C) for the basin heater described in the previous field. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. The basin heater is active when the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature falls below this setpoint temperature, as long as the chiller is off. This set point temperature must be greater than or equal to 2˚C, and the default value is 2˚C if this field is left blank.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Operating Schedule Name}\label{field-basin-heater-operating-schedule-name-1-001}

This alpha field contains the name of the basin heater operating schedule. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. The basin heater operating schedule is assumed to be an on/off schedule and the heater is available to operate any time the schedule value is greater than 0. The basin heater operates when scheduled on and the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature is below the set point temperature described in the previous field. If this field is left blank, the basin heater is available to operate throughout the simulation. Regardless of this schedule, the basin heater may only operate when the chiller is off.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Heat Recovery Relative Capacity Fraction}\label{field-condenser-heat-recovery-relative-capacity-fraction}

This field is optional.~ It can be used to describe the physical size of the heat recovery portion of a split bundle condenser section.~ This fraction describes the relative capacity of the heat recovery bundle of a split condenser compared to the nominal, full load heat rejection rate of the chiller.~ This fraction will be applied to the full heat rejection when operating at nominal capacity and nominal COP to model a capacity limit for the heat rejection.~ If this field is not entered then the capacity fraction is set to 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Inlet High Temperature Limit Schedule Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-inlet-high-temperature-limit-schedule-name}

This field is optional.~ It can be used to control heat recovery operation of the chiller.~ The schedule named here should contain temperature values, in C, that describe an upper limit for the return fluid temperatures entering the chiller at the heat recovery inlet node.~ If the fluid temperature is too high, then the heat recovery will not operate.~ This is useful to restrict the chiller lift from becoming too high and to avoid overheating the hot water loop.~ This limit can be used with or without the alternate control using leaving setpoint that is set in the next field.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Leaving Temperature Setpoint Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-leaving-temperature-setpoint-node-name}

This field is optional.~ It can be used to refine the model and controls for heat recovery operation of the chiller.~ The node named here should have a setpoint placed on it by a setpoint manager.~ If the plant loop's demand calculation scheme is set to SingleSetpoint, then a single setpoint manager should be used.~ If the plant loop's demand calculation is set to DualSetpointDeadband then a dual setpoint manager should be used and the upper setpoint is used for control.~ When this field is used, a different model is used for determining the distribution of rejected heat between the two bundles that is more appropriate for series bundle arrangements and for chiller's that are able to produce relatively higher temperature heated fluids.

\paragraph{Field: End-Use Subcategory}\label{end-use-subcategory-13}

This optional field allows you to specify a user-defined end-use subcategory, e.g., ``Process''. A new meter for reporting is created for each unique subcategory (ref: \hyperref[outputmeter-and-outputmetermeterfileonly]{Output:Meter} objects). Any text may be used here to further subcategorize the end-uses in the ABUPS End Uses by Subcategory table and in the LEED Summary EAp2-4/5 Performance Rating Method Compliance table. If this field is omitted or blank, the chiller will be assigned to the ``General'' end-use subcategory.

\paragraph{Field: Thermosiphon Capacity Fraction Curve Name}\label{thermosiphon-capacity-fraction-curve-name2}

This optional field allows specification of a user-defined performance curve which defines the fraction of capacity available through refrigerant thermosiphoning when the condenser inlet temperature is lower than the evaporator outlet temperature. When this fraction is less than or equal to the chiller part-load ratio the load may be met by refrigerant thermosiphoning. During this time the chiller power is 0 W and the Thermosiphon Status flag is set to 1.

\begin{equation}
    ThermosiphonCapacityFraction = {C_1} + {C_2}{\Delta_{temp}}
\end{equation}

Where the Delta Temperature is defined as:

\begin{equation}
{\Delta_{{\rm{Temp}}}}
    = {\rm{TempEvapOut  -  TempCondIn }}
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Thermosiphon Minimum Temperature Difference}\label{thermosiphon-minimum-temperature-difference2}

This optional input field specifies the minimum temperature difference to activate refrigerant thermosiphoning. If the temperature difference described above is less than this value refrigerant thermosiphoning is disabled. If this field is blank the default value is 0 C.


An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
Chiller:Electric,
  Big Chiller,                !- Chiller Name
  WaterCooled,                !- Condenser Type
  100000,                     !- Nominal Capacity {W}
  2.75,                       !- COP
  Big Chiller Inlet Node,     !- Chilled Water Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Outlet Node,    !- Chilled Water Outlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Condenser Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,  !- Condenser Outlet Node Name
  .15,                        !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  .65,                        !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  29.44,                      !- Design Condenser Inlet Temperature {C}
  2.682759,                   !- Temperature Rise Coefficient
  6.667,                      !- Design Chilled Water Outlet Temperature {C}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.0005,                     !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.94483600,                 !- Coefficient 1 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  -.05700880,                 !- Coefficient 2 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  -.00185486,                 !- Coefficient 3 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  1.907846,                   !- Coefficient 1 of Power Ratio Curve
  -1.20498700,                !- Coefficient 2 of Power Ratio Curve
  0.26346230,                 !- Coefficient 3 of Power Ratio Curve
  0.03303,                    !- Coefficient 1 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  0.6852,                     !- Coefficient 2 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  0.2818,                     !- Coefficient 3 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  5,                          !- Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit {C}
  VariableFlow;               !- Chiller Flow Mode
\end{lstlisting}

An example of an Air-Cooled Chiller:

\begin{lstlisting}
Chiller:Electric,
  Big Chiller,                !- Chiller Name
  AirCooled,                  !- Condenser Type
  100000,                     !- Nominal Capacity {W}
  2.58,                       !- COP
  Big Chiller Inlet Node,     !- Chilled Water Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Outlet Node,    !- Chilled Water Outlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Condenser Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,  !- Condenser Outlet Node Name
  .05,                        !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  .65,                        !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  35.0,                       !- Design Condenser Inlet Temperature {C}
  2.778,                      !- Temperature Rise Coefficient
  6.67,                       !- Design Chilled Water Outlet Temperature {C}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.002,                      !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.9949,                     !- Coefficient 1 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  -0.045954,                  !- Coefficient 2 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  -0.0013543,                 !- Coefficient 3 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  2.333,                      !- Coefficient 1 of Power Ratio Curve
  -1.975,                     !- Coefficient 2 of Power Ratio Curve
  0.6121,                     !- Coefficient 3 of Power Ratio Curve
  0.03303,                    !- Coefficient 1 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  0.6852,                     !- Coefficient 2 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  0.2818,                     !- Coefficient 3 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  5,                          !- Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit {C}
  VariableFlow;               !- Chiller Flow Mode

OutdoorAir:Node,
  Big Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Node Name
  -1.0;                       !- Height Above Ground {m}
\end{lstlisting}

An example of an Evaporatively-Cooled Chiller:

\begin{lstlisting}
Chiller:Electric,
  Big Chiller,                !- Name
  EvaporativelyCooled,        !- Condenser Type
  100000,                     !- Nominal Capacity {W}
  2.58,                       !- Nominal COP
  Big Chiller Inlet Node,     !- Chilled Water Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Outlet Node,    !- Chilled Water Outlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Condenser Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,  !- Condenser Outlet Node Name
  0.05,                       !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  0.65,                       !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  35.0,                       !- Design Condenser Inlet Temperature {C}
  2.778,                      !- Temperature Rise Coefficient
  6.67,                       !- Design Chilled Water Outlet Temperature {C}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.002,                      !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.9949,                     !- Coefficient 1 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  -0.045954,                  !- Coefficient 2 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  -0.0013543,                 !- Coefficient 3 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  2.333,                      !- Coefficient 1 of Power Ratio Curve
  -1.975,                     !- Coefficient 2 of Power Ratio Curve
  0.6121,                     !- Coefficient 3 of Power Ratio Curve
  0.03303,                    !- Coefficient 1 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  0.6852,                     !- Coefficient 2 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  0.2818,                     !- Coefficient 3 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  5,                          !- Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit {C}
  VariableFlow,               !- Chiller Flow Mode
  ,                           !- Design Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name
  ,                           !- Sizing Factor
  450,                        !- Basin Heater Capacity {W/K}
  3,                          !- Basin Heater Setpoint Temperature {C}
  Basin heater sch;           !- Basin Heater Operating Schedule Name

OutdoorAir:Node,
  Big Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Name
  -1.0;                       !- Height Above Ground {m}
\end{lstlisting}

An example of a Heat Recovery Chiller:

\begin{lstlisting}
Chiller:Electric,
  Big Chiller,                !- Chiller Name
  WaterCooled,                !- Condenser Type
  25000,                      !- Nominal Capacity {W}
  2.75,                       !- COP
  Big Chiller Inlet Node,     !- Chilled Water Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Outlet Node,    !- Chilled Water Outlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Condenser Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,  !- Condenser Outlet Node Name
  .15,                        !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  .65,                        !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  29.44,                      !- Design Condenser Inlet Temperature {C}
  2.682759,                   !- Temperature Rise Coefficient
  6.667,                      !- Design Chilled Water Outlet Temperature {C}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.0005,                     !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.94483600,                 !- Coefficient 1 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  -.05700880,                 !- Coefficient 2 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  -.00185486,                 !- Coefficient 3 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  1.907846,                   !- Coefficient 1 of Power Ratio Curve
  -1.20498700,                !- Coefficient 2 of Power Ratio Curve
  0.26346230,                 !- Coefficient 3 of Power Ratio Curve
  0.03303,                    !- Coefficient 1 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  0.6852,                     !- Coefficient 2 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  0.2818,                     !- Coefficient 3 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  5,                          !- Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit {C}
  VariableFlow,               !- Chiller Flow Mode
  0.00055,                    !- Design heat recovery water flow rate {m3/s}
  Big Chiller Heat Rec Inlet Node,  !- Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Heat Rec Outlet Node;  !- Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-3-013}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Electricity:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:Electricity {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,EnergyTransfer:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Chillers:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller COP {[}W/W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Thermosiphon Status {[]}
\end{itemize}

Air-cooled or Evap-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \tightlist
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

Evap-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Water-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

HeatRecovery:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Total Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum, Chiller Total Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Effective Heat Rejection Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

These chiller output variables are defined above under ``Generic Chiller Outputs.''

\subsection{Chiller:Electric:ASHRAE205}\label{chillerelectricashrae205}

This chiller model utilizes performance data as described in ASHRAE Standard 205. The standard defines many common data models and serialization formats for facility equipment performance data.

\subsubsection{Inputs}

\paragraph{Field: Name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the electric EIR chiller.

\paragraph{Field: Representation File Name}\label{field-chiller205-representation-file-name}

This alpha field contains the filename of the ASHRAE205 chiller representation (.json or .cbor).

\paragraph{Field: Performance Interpolation Method}\label{field-chiller205-performance-interpolation-method}

This alpha field specifies how performance data from the Representation File will be interpolated. Choices are ~ ``Linear'' and ``Cubic.''~

\paragraph{Field: Rated Capacity}\label{field-chiller205-rated-capacity}

This numeric field is not yet implemented or reserved for future use. Full load capacity at AHRI 550/590 test conditions.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-chiller205-sizing-factor}

This numeric field is not yet implemented or reserved for future use. Multiplies the autosized capacity and flow rates.

\paragraph{Field: Ambient Temperature Indicator}\label{field-chiller205-ambient-temperature-indicator}

This alpha field is used to determine standby losses.

\paragraph{Field: Ambient Temperature Schedule Name}\label{field-chiller205-ambient-temperature-schedule-name}

\paragraph{Field: Ambient Temperature Zone Name}\label{field-chiller205-ambient-temperature-zone-name}

Any energy imbalance on the chiller results in heat added to this zone.

\paragraph{Field: Ambient Temperature Outdoor Air Node Name}\label{field-chiller205-ambient-temperature-outdoor-air-node-name}

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chiller205-chilled-water-inlet-node-name}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller plant side (chilled water) inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chiller205-chilled-water-outlet-node-name}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller plant side (chilled water) outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Maximum Requested Flow Rate}\label{field-chiller205-chilled-water-maximum-requested-flow-rate}

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chiller205-condenser-inlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser side inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chiller205-condenser-outlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser side outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Maximum Requested Flow Rate}\label{field-chiller205-condenser-maximum-requested-flow-rate}

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Flow Mode}\label{field-chiller205-chiller-flow-mode}

This choice field determines how the chiller operates with respect to the intended fluid flow through the device's evaporator.~ There are three different choices for specifying operating modes for the intended flow behavior:~ ``NotModulated,'' ``ConstantFlow,'' and ``LeavingSetpointModulated.''~ NotModulated is useful for either variable or constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller is passive in the sense that although it makes a nominal request for its design flow rate it can operate at varying flow rates.~ ConstantFlow is useful for constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller's request for flow is stricter and can increase the overall loop flow.~ LeavingSetpointModulated changes the chiller model to internally vary the flow rate so that the temperature leaving the chiller matches a setpoint.~ In all cases the operation of the external plant system can also impact the flow through the chiller -- for example if the relative sizes and operation are such that flow is restricted and the requests cannot be met.~ The default, if not specified, is NotModulated.

\paragraph{Field: Oil Cooler Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chiller205-oil-cooler-inlet-node-name}

This alpha field is used if the oil cooler uses an external cooling loop, otherwise the oil cooler will add heat to the ambient conditions (i.e., it is air cooled).

\paragraph{Field: Oil Cooler Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chiller205-oil-cooler-outlet-node-name}

\paragraph{Field: Oil Cooler Design Flow Rate}\label{field-chiller205-oil-cooler-design-flow-rate}

\paragraph{Field: Auxiliary Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chiller205-auxiliary-inlet-node-name}

This alpha field is used if the auxiliary components of the chiller use an external cooling loop, otherwise the auxiliary components will add heat to the ambient conditions (i.e., they are air cooled).

\paragraph{Field: Auxiliary Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chiller205-auxiliary-outlet-node-name}

\paragraph{Field: Auxiliary Cooling Design Flow Rate}\label{field-chiller205-auxiliary-cooling-design-flow-rate}

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chiller205-heat-recover-inlet-node-name}

This alpha field is not currently implemented. It contains the identifying name for the electric chiller heat recovery side inlet node. A heat recovery loop must be specified.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chiller205-heat-recovery-outlet-node-name}

This alpha field is not currently implemented. contains the identifying name for the electric chiller heat recovery side inlet node. A heat recovery loop must be specified.

\paragraph{Field: End-Use Subcategory}\label{field-chiller205-end-use-subcategory}

Any text may be used here to categorize the end-uses in the ABUPS End Uses by Subcategory table.

An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
Chiller:Electric:ASHRAE205,
  A205Chiller Trane CGWD 207kW/3.99COP/None,  !- Name
  A205ExampleChiller.RS0001.a205.cbor,  !- Representation File Name
  CUBIC,                      !- Performance Interpolation Method
  ,                           !- Rated Capacity
  1.0,                        !- Sizing Factor
  Zone,                       !- Ambient Temperature Indicator
  ,                           !- Ambient Temperature Schedule Name
  North Zone,                 !- Ambient Temperature Zone Name
  ,                           !- Ambient Temperature Outdoor Air Node Name
  Big Chiller Inlet Node,     !- Chilled Water Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Outlet Node,    !- Chilled Water Outlet Node Name
  0.0755,                     !- Chilled Water Maximum Requested Flow Rate
  Big Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Condenser Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,  !- Condenser Outlet Node Name
  0.0957,                     !- Condenser Maximum Requested Flow Rate
  NotModulated;               !- Chiller Flow Mode Type
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Electricity:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:Electricity {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,EnergyTransfer:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Chillers:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller COP {[}W/W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Part Load Ratio {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Cycling Ratio {[]}
\end{itemize}

Most of these chiller output variables are defined above under ``Generic Chiller Outputs.''~ Output variables not described above are discussed here.

\paragraph{Minimum Part Load Ratio {[]}}\label{chiller205-minimum-plr}

This is the ratio of minimum capacity to maximum capacity, under which the chiller cycling (where the amount of power remains constant to produce smaller loads than this fraction) occurs.

\paragraph{Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature ~{[}C{]}}\label{chiller205-condenser-inlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Chiller Condenser Outlet Temperature ~{[}C{]}}\label{chiller205-condenser-outlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Chiller Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-condenser-mass-flow-rate}

\paragraph{Chiller Effective Heat Rejection Temperature ~{[}C{]}}\label{chiller-effective-heat-rejection-temperature}

\paragraph{Chiller Zone Heat Gain Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-zone-heat-gain-rate}

\paragraph{Chiller Zone Heat Gain Energy {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-zone-heat-gain-energy}

\paragraph{Oil Cooler Heat Transfer Rate{[}W{]}}\label{chiller205-oil-cooler-heat-transfer-rate}

Heat generated by the oil cooler, as determined by the performance data.

\paragraph{Oil Cooler Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller205-oil-cooler-heat-transfer-energy}

Energy used by the oil cooler, as determined by the performance data.

\paragraph{Auxiliary Heat Transfer Rate{[}W{]}}\label{chiller205-auxiliary-heat-transfer-rate}

Heat generated by the auxiliary equipment, as determined by the performance data.

\paragraph{Auxiliary Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller205-auxiliary-heat-transfer-energy}

Heat generated by the auxiliary equipment, as determined by the performance data.

\subsection{Chiller:Electric:EIR}\label{chillerelectriceir}

This chiller model is the empirical model used in the DOE-2.1 building energy simulation program. The model uses performance information at reference conditions along with three curve fits for cooling capacity and efficiency to determine chiller operation at off-reference conditions. Chiller performance curves can be generated by fitting manufacturer's catalog data or measured data. Performance curves for more than 160 chillers, including the default DOE-2.1E reciprocating and centrifugal chillers, are provided in the EnergyPlus Reference DataSets (Chillers.idf and AllDataSets.idf).

Note: Chiller:Electric:EIR objects and their associated performance curve objects are developed using performance information for a specific chiller and should normally be used together for an EnergyPlus simulation. Changing the object input values, or swapping performance curves between chillers, should be done with caution.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-4-023}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-4-020}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the electric EIR chiller.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Capacity}\label{field-reference-capacity}

This numeric field contains the reference cooling capacity of the chiller in Watts. This should be the capacity of the chiller at the reference temperatures and water flow rates defined below. Alternately, this field can be autosized.

\paragraph{Field: Reference COP}\label{field-reference-cop}

This numeric field contains the chiller's coefficient of performance. This value should \textbf{not} include energy use due to pumps or cooling tower fans. This COP should be at the reference temperatures and water flow rates defined below. This value \textbf{should} include evap-cooled or air-cooled condenser fans except when the Condenser Fan Power Ratio input field defined below is used and that input value is greater than 0. For the case when condenser fan power is modeled separately, the calculated condenser fan energy is reported on the same electric meter as compressor power. Be careful to not duplicate this energy use.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Leaving Chilled Water Temperature}\label{field-reference-leaving-chilled-water-temperature}

This numeric field contains the chiller's reference leaving chilled water temperature in Celsius. The default value is 6.67$^\circ$C.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Entering Condenser Fluid Temperature}\label{field-reference-entering-condenser-fluid-temperature}

This numeric field contains the chiller's reference entering condenser fluid temperature in Celsius. The default value is 29.4$^\circ$C. For water-cooled chillers this is the water temperature entering the condenser (e.g., leaving the cooling tower). For air- or evap-cooled condensers this is the entering outdoor air dry-bulb or wet-bulb temperature, respectively.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate}\label{field-reference-chilled-water-flow-rate}

For a variable flow chiller this is the maximum water flow rate and for a constant flow chiller this is the operating water flow rate through the chiller's evaporator. The units are in cubic meters per second. The minimum value for this numeric input field must be greater than zero, or this field can be autosized.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Condenser Fluid Flow Rate}\label{field-reference-condenser-fluid-flow-rate}

This numeric field contains the chiller's operating condenser fluid flow rate in cubic meters per second. This field can be autosized. This field is also used to enter the air flow rate if Condenser Type = AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and Heat Recovery is specified. If AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and this field is autosized, the air flow rate is set to 0.000114 m3/s/W (850 cfm/ton) multiplied by the chiller Reference Capacity. For air- and evaporatively-cooled condensers, this flow rate is used to set condenser outlet air node conditions and used for evaporatively-cooled condensers to calculate water use rate.

\paragraph{Field: Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-cooling-capacity-function-of-temperature-curve-name}

The name of a biquadratic performance curve (ref: Performance Curves) that parameterizes the variation of the cooling capacity as a function of the leaving chilled water temperature and the entering condenser fluid temperature. The output of this curve is multiplied by the reference capacity to give the cooling capacity at specific temperature operating conditions (i.e., at temperatures different from the reference temperatures). The curve should have a value of 1.0 at the reference temperatures and flow rates specified above. The biquadratic curve should be valid for the range of water temperatures anticipated for the simulation.

Note: The curve is evaluated at the leaving chilled water (=evaporator outlet) \emph{setpoint} temperature, not the \emph{actual} leaving chilled water temperature.

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-temperature-curve-name}

The name of a biquadratic performance curve (ref: Performance Curves) that parameterizes the variation of the energy input to cooling output ratio (EIR) as a function of the leaving chilled water temperature and the entering condenser fluid temperature. The EIR is the inverse of the COP. The output of this curve is multiplied by the reference EIR (inverse of the reference COP) to give the EIR at specific temperature operating conditions (i.e., at temperatures different from the reference temperatures). The curve should have a value of 1.0 at the reference temperatures and flow rates specified above. The biquadratic curve should be valid for the range of water temperatures anticipated for the simulation.

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{field-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve-name}

The name of a quadratic performance curve (ref: Performance Curves) that parameterizes the variation of the energy input ratio (EIR) as a function of the part-load ratio (EIRfTPLR). The EIR is the inverse of the COP, and the part-load ratio is the actual cooling load divided by the chiller's available cooling capacity. This curve is generated by dividing the operating electric input power by the available full-load capacity (do not divide by load) at the specific operating temperatures. The curve output should decrease from 1 towards 0 as part-load ratio decreases from 1 to 0. The output of this curve is multiplied by the reference full-load EIR (inverse of the reference COP) and the Energy Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve to give the EIR at the specific temperatures and part-load ratio at which the chiller is operating. This curve should have a value of 1.0 when the part-load ratio equals 1.0. An ideal chiller with the same efficiency at all part-load ratio's would use a performance curve that has a value of 0 when the part-load ratio equals 0 (i.e., a line connecting 0,0 and 1,1 when plotted as EIRfTPLR versus PLR), however, actual systems can have part-load EIR's slightly above or below this line (i.e., part-load efficiency often differs from rated efficiency). The quadratic curve should be valid for the range of part-load ratios anticipated for the simulation.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-3}

This numeric field contains the chiller's minimum part-load ratio. The expected range is between 0 and 1. Below this part-load ratio, the compressor cycles on and off to meet the cooling load. The Minimum Part Load Ratio must be less than or equal to the Maximum Part Load Ratio. The default value is 0.1.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-3}

This numeric field contains the chiller's maximum part-load ratio. This value may exceed 1, but the normal range is between 0 and 1.0. The Maximum Part Load Ratio must be greater than or equal to the Minimum Part Load Ratio. The default value is 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-3}

This numeric field contains the chiller's optimum part-load ratio. This is the part-load ratio at which the chiller performs at its maximum COP. The optimum part-load ratio must be greater than or equal to the Minimum Part Load Ratio, and less than or equal to the Maximum Part Load Ratio. The default value is 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Unloading Ratio}\label{field-minimum-unloading-ratio-000}

This numeric field contains the chiller's minimum unloading ratio. The expected range is between 0 and 1. The minimum unloading ratio is where the chiller capacity can no longer be reduced by unloading and must be false loaded to meet smaller cooling loads. A typical false loading strategy is hot-gas bypass. The minimum unloading ratio must be greater than or equal to the Minimum Part Load Ratio, and less than or equal to the Maximum Part Load Ratio. The default value is 0.2.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-inlet-node-name-4}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller plant side (chilled water) inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-node-name-4}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller plant side (chilled water) outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Inlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-inlet-node-name-4}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser side inlet node. This node name is required if the chiller is WaterCooled, and optional if the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and a condenser inlet node name is specified here, the node name specified must also be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnode]{OutdoorAir:Node} object where the height of the node is taken into consideration when calculating outdoor air temperature from the weather data. Alternately, the node name may be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnodelist]{OutdoorAir:NodeList} object where the outdoor air temperature is taken directly from the weather data. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and this field is left blank, the program automatically creates an outdoor air node and the air temperature information on this node is taken directly from the weather file (no node height adjustment).

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Outlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-outlet-node-name-4}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser side outlet node. This node name is required if the chiller is WaterCooled, and optional if the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and this field is left blank, the program automatically creates a condenser side outlet air node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Type}\label{field-condenser-type-2-000}

This alpha field determines what type of condenser will be modeled with this chiller. Valid condenser types are AirCooled, WaterCooled, and EvaporativelyCooled with the default being WaterCooled if not specified. AirCooled and EvaporativelyCooled do not require a Condenser Loop to be specified, whereas the WaterCooled option requires the full specification of the Condenser Loop and its associated equipment.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Fan Power Ratio}\label{field-condenser-fan-power-ratio}

This field is used to model condenser fan power associated with air-cooled or evaporatively-cooled condensers (for cooling towers, refer to Group - Condenser Equipment). Enter the ratio of the condenser fan power to the reference chiller cooling capacity in W/W. If this input is greater than 0, the condenser fan power is modeled separately from compressor power. In addition, if condenser fan power is modeled using this input, the reference COP and ``Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of'' performance curves should not include condenser fan power.

\paragraph{Field: Fraction of Compressor Electric Power Rejected by Condenser}\label{field-fraction-of-compressor-electric-power-rejected-by-condenser}

This numeric input represents the fraction of compressor electrical energy consumption that must be rejected by the condenser. Enter a value of 1.0 when modeling hermetic chillers. For open chillers, enter the compressor motor efficiency. This value must be greater than 0.0 and less than or equal to 1.0, with a default value of 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Leaving Chilled Water Lower Temperature Limit}\label{field-leaving-chilled-water-lower-temperature-limit-000}

This numeric field contains the lower limit for the leaving chilled water temperature in Celsius. This temperature acts as a cut off for heat transfer in the evaporator, so that the fluid doesn't get too cold. This input field is currently unused. The default value is 2$^\circ$C.

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Flow Mode}\label{field-chiller-flow-mode-4}

This choice field determines how the chiller operates with respect to the intended fluid flow through the device's evaporator.~ There are three different choices for specifying operating modes for the intended flow behavior:~ ``NotModulated,'' ``ConstantFlow,'' and ``LeavingSetpointModulated.''~ NotModulated is useful for either variable or constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller is passive in the sense that although it makes a nominal request for its design flow rate it can operate at varying flow rates.~ ConstantFlow is useful for constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller's request for flow is stricter and can increase the overall loop flow.~ LeavingSetpointModulated changes the chiller model to internally vary the flow rate so that the temperature leaving the chiller matches a setpoint.~ In all cases the operation of the external plant system can also impact the flow through the chiller -- for example if the relative sizes and operation are such that flow is restricted and the requests cannot be met.~ The default, if not specified, is NotModulated.

\paragraph{Field: Design Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-heat-recovery-water-flow-rate-1-000}

This is the design heat recovery water flow rate if the heat recovery option is being simulated. If this value is greater than 0.0 (or Autosize), a heat recovery loop must be specified and attached to the chiller using the next two node fields. The units are in cubic meters per second.~ This field is autosizable.~ When autosizing, the flow rate is simply the product of the design condenser flow rate and the condenser heat recovery relative capacity fraction set in the field below.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-inlet-node-name-1-000}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller heat recovery side inlet node. If the user wants to model chiller heat recovery, a heat recovery loop must be specified.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-outlet-node-name-1-000}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller heat recovery side outlet node. If the user wants to model chiller heat recovery, a heat recovery loop must be specified.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-4-000}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Reference Capacity, Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate and Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate. Sizing Factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Capacity}\label{field-basin-heater-capacity-2-001}

This numeric field contains the capacity of the chiller's electric basin heater in watts per degree Kelvin. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. This field is used in conjunction with the Basin Heater Setpoint Temperature described in the following field. The basin heater electric power is equal to this field multiplied by the difference between the basin heater set point temperature and the outdoor dry-bulb temperature. The basin heater only operates when the chiller is off, regardless of the basin heater schedule described below. The basin heater capacity must be greater than or equal to zero, with a default value of zero if this field is left blank.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Setpoint Temperature}\label{field-basin-heater-setpoint-temperature-2-001}

This numeric field contains the set point temperature (˚C) for the basin heater described in the previous field. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. The basin heater is active when the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature falls below this setpoint temperature, as long as the chiller is off. This set point temperature must be greater than or equal to 2˚C, and the default value is 2˚C if this field is left blank.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Operating Schedule Name}\label{field-basin-heater-operating-schedule-name-2-001}

This alpha field contains the name of the basin heater operating schedule. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. The basin heater operating schedule is assumed to be an on/off schedule and the heater is available to operate any time the schedule value is greater than 0. The basin heater operates when scheduled on and the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature is below the set point temperature described in the previous field. If this field is left blank, the basin heater is available to operate throughout the simulation. Regardless of this schedule, the basin heater may only operate when the chiller is off.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Heat Recovery Relative Capacity Fraction}\label{field-condenser-heat-recovery-relative-capacity-fraction-1}

This field is optional.~ It can be used to describe the physical size of the heat recovery portion of a split bundle condenser section.~ This fraction describes the relative capacity of the heat recovery bundle of a split condenser compared to the nominal, full load heat rejection rate of the chiller.~ This fraction will be applied to the full heat rejection when operating at nominal capacity and nominal COP to model a capacity limit for the heat rejection.~ If this field is not entered then the capacity fraction is set to 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Inlet High Temperature Limit Schedule Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-inlet-high-temperature-limit-schedule-name-1}

This field is optional.~ It can be used to control heat recovery operation of the chiller.~ The schedule named here should contain temperature values, in C, that describe an upper limit for the return fluid temperatures entering the chiller at the heat recovery inlet node.~ If the fluid temperature is too high, then the heat recovery will not operate.~ This is useful to restrict the chiller lift from becoming too high and to avoid overheating the hot water loop.~ This limit can be used with or without the alternate control using leaving setpoint that is set in the next field.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Leaving Temperature Setpoint Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-leaving-temperature-setpoint-node-name-1}

This field is optional.~ It can be used to refine the model and controls for heat recovery operation of the chiller.~ The node named here should have a setpoint placed on it by a setpoint manager.~ If the plant loop's demand calculation scheme is set to SingleSetpoint, then a single setpoint manager should be used.~ If the plant loop's demand calculation is set to DualSetpointDeadband then a dual setpoint manager should be used and the upper setpoint is used for control.~ When this field is used, a different model is used for determining the distribution of rejected heat between the two bundles that is more appropriate for series bundle arrangements and for chiller's that are able to produce relatively higher temperature heated fluids.

\paragraph{Field: End-Use Subcategory}

This optional field allows you to specify a user-defined end-use subcategory, e.g., ``Process''. A new meter for reporting is created for each unique subcategory (ref: \hyperref[outputmeter-and-outputmetermeterfileonly]{Output:Meter} objects). Any text may be used here to further subcategorize the end-uses in the ABUPS End Uses by Subcategory table and in the LEED Summary EAp2-4/5 Performance Rating Method Compliance table. If this field is omitted or blank, the chiller will be assigned to the ``General'' end-use subcategory.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Flow Control}

This field is optional.~ It describes the chiller condenser flow request mode to be used in a simulation. With ``ConstantFlow'' a chiller will always request its maximum condenser flow rate. With ``ModulatedChillerPLR'' the condenser flow request corresponds to the chiller part load ratio multiplied by the chiller maximum condenser flow rate.  With  ``ModulatedLoopPLR'' the chiller will request a flow rate that is function of the chilled water loop's part load ratio, see the \hyperref[field-condenser-loop-flow-rate-function-of-loop-part-load-ratio-curve-name]{Condenser Loop Flow Rate Fraction Function of Loop Part Load Ratio Curve Name} input. With ``ModulatedDeltaTemperature'' the chiller will request the flow rate required to meet a condenser loop delta temperature, see the \hyperref[field-temperature-difference-across-condenser-schedule-name]{Temperature Difference Across Condenser Schedule Name} input. Use ``ConstantFlow'' when modeling a constant flow condenser plant loop, choose one of the other inputs when modeling a variable flow condenser plant loop. The default is ``ConstantFlow''.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Loop Flow Rate Fraction Function of Loop Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{field-condenser-loop-flow-rate-function-of-loop-part-load-ratio-curve-name}

This field describes the condenser loop flow rate fraction as a function of the chiller water loop part load ratio. A linear curve is expected: CWFR = C * PLR + D where CWFR is the condenser water flow fraction (actual/design), PLR is the chilled water plant loop part load ratio (actual/design), and C and D are coefficients. A reference for these coefficients is provided in ``Optimizing Design \& Control Of Chilled Water Plants, Part 5'', S. Taylor, ASHRAE Journal June 2012.  This input is only used when the ``ModulatedLoopPLR'' condenser flow control option is used.

\paragraph{Field: Temperature Difference Across Condenser Schedule Name}\label{field-temperature-difference-across-condenser-schedule-name}

This field should be a schedule that defines the temperature difference across the condenser of the chiller. This input is used to calculate the condenser flow rate request. This input is only used when ``Condenser Flow Control'' is set to ``ModulatedDeltaTemperature''.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Minimum Flow Fraction}

This field corresponds to the minimum condenser flow fraction. The minimum condenser flow is equal to the value of this input multiplied by the chiller maximum condenser flow rate. This input is only used when the ``Condenser Flow Control'' input is set to ``ModulatedChillerPLR'', ``ModulatedLoopPLR'' or ``ModulatedDeltaTemperature''. When not specified, a default of 0.2 is assumed.

\paragraph{Field: Thermosiphon Capacity Fraction Curve Name}\label{thermosiphon-capacity-fraction-curve-name3}

This optional field allows specification of a user-defined performance curve which defines the fraction of capacity available through refrigerant thermosiphoning when the condenser inlet temperature is lower than the evaporator outlet temperature. When this fraction is less than or equal to the chiller part-load ratio the load may be met by refrigerant thermosiphoning. During this time the chiller power is 0 W and the Thermosiphon Status flag is set to 1.

\begin{equation}
    ThermosiphonCapacityFraction = {C_1} + {C_2}{\Delta_{temp}}
\end{equation}

Where the Delta Temperature is defined as:

\begin{equation}
{\Delta_{{\rm{Temp}}}}
    = {\rm{TempEvapOut  -  TempCondIn }}
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Thermosiphon Minimum Temperature Difference}\label{thermosiphon-minimum-temperature-difference3}

This optional input field specifies the minimum temperature difference to activate refrigerant thermosiphoning. If the temperature difference described above is less than this value refrigerant thermosiphoning is disabled. If this field is blank the default value is 0 C.


An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
! ElectricEIRChiller DOE-2 Centrifugal/5.50COP
! A generic centrifugal chiller from DOE-2.1E

  Chiller:Electric:EIR,
  DOE-2 Centrifugal/5.50COP,  !- Chiller Name
  Autosize,                   !- Reference Capacity {W}
  5.5,                        !- Reference COP {W/W}
  6.67,                       !- Reference Leaving Chilled Water Temperature {C}
  29.4,                       !- Reference Entering Condenser Fluid Temperature {C}
  Autosize,                   !- Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  Autosize,                   !- Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  DOE-2 Centrifugal/5.50COP CAPFT,  !- Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve
  DOE-2 Centrifugal/5.50COP EIRFT,  !- Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of
  Temperature Curve
  DOE-2 Centrifugal/5.50COP EIRFPLR,  !- Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load
  Ratio Curve
  0.1,                        !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  0.2,                        !- Minimum Unloading Ratio
  Chilled Water Side Inlet Node,  !- Chilled Water Side Inlet Node
  Chilled Water Side Outlet Node,  !- Chilled Water Side Outlet Node
  Condenser Side Inlet Node,  !- Condenser Side Inlet Node
  Condenser Side Outlet Node, !- Condenser Side Outlet Node
  WaterCooled,                !- Condenser Type
  ,                           !- Condenser Fan Power Ratio {W/W}
  1.0,                        !- Fraction of Compressor Electric Power Rejected by Condenser
  2.0,                        !- Leaving Chilled Water Lower Temperature Limit {C}
  ConstantFlow;               !- Chiller Evaporator Flow Mode


! Curve set (3 Curves):

! Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve for open or hermetic water-cooled centrifugal
! chillers
! x = Leaving Chilled Water Temperature and y = Entering Condenser Water Temperature
! Same as DOE-2.1E HERM-CENT-CAP-FT (CCAPT3) and OPEN-CENT-CAP-FT (CCAPT1)
  Curve:Biquadratic,
  DOE-2 Centrifugal/5.50COP CAPFT,  !- Name
  0.257896E+00,               !- Coefficient1 Constant
  0.389016E-01,               !- Coefficient2 x
  -0.217080E-03,              !- Coefficient3 x**2
  0.468684E-01,               !- Coefficient4 y
  -0.942840E-03,              !- Coefficient5 y**2
  -0.343440E-03,              !- Coefficient6 x*y
  5.0,                        !- Minimum Value of x
  10.0,                       !- Maximum Value of x
  24.0,                       !- Minimum Value of y
  35.0;                       !- Maximum Value of y


! Energy Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve for open or hermetic water-
! cooled centrifugal chillers
! x = Leaving Chilled Water Temperature and y = Entering Condenser Water Temperature
! Same as DOE-2.1E HERM-CENT-EIR-FT (EIRT3) and OPEN-CENT-EIR-FT (EIRT1)
  Curve:Biquadratic,
  DOE-2 Centrifugal/5.50COP EIRFT,  !- Name
  0.933884E+00,               !- Coefficient1 Constant
  -0.582120E-01,              !- Coefficient2 x
  0.450036E-02,               !- Coefficient3 x**2
  0.243000E-02,               !- Coefficient4 y
  0.486000E-03,               !- Coefficient5 y**2
  -0.121500E-02,              !- Coefficient6x*y
  5.0,                        !- Minimum Value of x
  10.0,                       !- Maximum Value of x
  24.0,                       !- Minimum Value of y
  35.0;                       !- Maximum Value of y

! Energy Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve for open or hermetic
! water-cooled centrifugal chillers
! x = Part Load Ratio (load/capacity)
! Same as DOE-2.1E HERM-CENT-EIR-FPLR (EIRPLR3) and OPEN-CENT-EIR-FPLR (EIRPLR1)
  Curve:Quadratic,
  DOE-2 Centrifugal/5.50COP EIRFPLR,  !- Name
  0.222903,                   !- Coefficient1 Constant
  0.313387,                   !- Coefficient2 x
  0.463710,                   !- Coefficient3 x**2
  0.0,                        !- Minimum Value of x
  1.0;                        !- Maximum Value of x
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-4-010}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Electricity:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:Electricity {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,EnergyTransfer:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Chillers:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller COP {[}W/W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Part Load Ratio {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Cycling Ratio {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller False Load Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller False Load Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Thermosiphon Status {[]}
\end{itemize}

Curve object outputs:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Capacity Temperature Modifier Multiplier {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller EIR Temperature Modifier Multiplier {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller EIR Part Load Modifier Multiplier {[]}
\end{itemize}

Air-cooled or Evap-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \tightlist
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

Air-cooled or Evap-cooled reported only when the condenser fan power ratio input field is greater than 0:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Fan Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Fan Electric Consumption {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Evap-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Evaporative Condenser Water Volume {[}m3{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Evaporative Condenser Mains Supply Water Volume {[}m3{]}
\end{itemize}

Water-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

HeatRecovery:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Total Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRecovery:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heat Recovery {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Effective Heat Rejection Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

Most of these chiller output variables are defined above under ``Generic Chiller Outputs.''~ Output variables not described above are discussed here.

\paragraph{Chiller Condenser Fan Electricity Rate ~{[}W{]}}\label{chiller-condenser-fan-electric-power-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Condenser Fan Electricity Energy ~{[}J{]}}\label{chiller-condenser-fan-electric-energy-j}

These outputs are for the electric power consumption of the chiller condenser fan and are applicable to air- or evaporatively-cooled chillers. These reports are available only for the Chiller:Electric:EIR and only when the Condenser Fan Power Ratio input field is greater than 0. This output is also added to a meter object with Resource Type = Electricity, End Use Key = Chillers, Group Key = Plant (Ref. Output:Meter objects).

\paragraph{Chiller Capacity Temperature Modifier Multiplier {[]}}\label{chiller-capacity-temperature-modifier-multiplier}

This is the output of the curve object Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve.

\paragraph{Chiller EIR Temperature Modifier Multiplier {[]}}\label{chiller-eir-temperature-modifier-multiplier}

This is the output of the curve object Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve.

\paragraph{Chiller EIR Part Load Modifier Multiplier {[]}}\label{chiller-eir-part-load-modifier-multiplier}

This is the output of the curve object Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Curve.

\paragraph{Chiller Part Load Ratio {[]}}\label{chiller-part-load-ratio-1}

This output is the ratio of the evaporator heat transfer rate plus the false load heat transfer rate (if applicable) to the available chiller capacity. This value is used to determine Chiller EIR Part Load Modifier Multiplier.

\paragraph{Chiller Cycling Ratio {[]}}\label{chiller-cycling-ratio-1}

The cycling ratio is the amount of time the chiller operates during each simulation timestep. If the chiller part-load ratio falls below the minimum part-load ratio, the chiller cycles on and off to meet the cooling load.

\paragraph{Chiller False Load Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-false-load-heat-transfer-rate-w}

\paragraph{Chiller False Load Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-false-load-heat-transfer-energy-j}

These outputs are the heat transfer rate and total heat transfer due to false loading of the chiller. When the chiller part-load ratio is below the minimum unloading ratio, the chiller false loads (e.g.~hot-gas bypass) to further reduce capacity. The false load heat transfer output variable is not metered.

\paragraph{Chiller Evaporative Condenser Water Volume {[}m3{]}}\label{chiller-evaporative-condenser-water-volume-m3}

\paragraph{Chiller Evaporative Condenser Mains Supply Water Volume {[}m3{]}}\label{chiller-evaporative-condenser-mains-supply-water-volume-m3}

These outputs are the water use for evaporatively-cooled condensers. When the chiller operates, the water consumed by the evaporatively-cooled condenser is proportional to the chiller condenser heat transfer. The evaporative condenser is assumed to be 100\% effective where the condenser inlet air dry-bulb temperature is equal to the outdoor wet-bulb temperature.

\subsection{Chiller:Electric:ReformulatedEIR}\label{chillerelectricreformulatedeir}

This chiller model, developed through the CoolTools\textsuperscript{TM} project sponsored by Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG\&E), is an empirical model similar to EnergyPlus' \hyperref[chillerelectriceir]{Chiller:Electric:EIR} model. The model uses performance information at reference conditions along with three curve fits for cooling capacity and efficiency to determine chiller operation at off-reference conditions. The model has the same capabilities as the \hyperref[chillerelectriceir]{Chiller:Electric:EIR} model, but can potentially provide significant accuracy improvement over the \hyperref[chillerelectriceir]{Chiller:Electric:EIR} model for variable-speed compressor drive and variable condenser water flow applications. Chiller performance curves can be generated by fitting manufacturer's catalog data or measured data. Performance curves developed from manufacturer's performance data are provided in the EnergyPlus Reference DataSets (Chillers.idf and AllDataSets.idf). This chiller model can be used to predict the performance of various chiller types (e.g., reciprocating, screw, scroll, and centrifugal) with water-cooled condensers.

The main difference between this model and the \hyperref[chillerelectriceir]{Chiller:Electric:EIR} model is the condenser fluid temperature used in the associated performance curves: the Chiller:Electric:ReformulatedEIR model uses the LEAVING condenser water temperature while the \hyperref[chillerelectriceir]{Chiller:Electric:EIR} model uses the ENTERING condenser water temperature.

Note: Chiller:Electric:Reformulated EIR objects and their associated performance curve objects are developed using performance information for a specific chiller and should almost always be used together for an EnergyPlus simulation. Changing the object input values, or swapping performance curves between chillers, should be done with extreme caution. For example, if the user wishes to model a chiller size that is different from the reference capacity, it is highly recommended that the reference flow rates be scaled proportionately to the change in reference capacity. Although this model can provide more accurate prediction than the \hyperref[chillerelectriceir]{Chiller:Electric:EIR} model, it requires more performance data to develop the associated performance curves (at least 12 points from full-load performance and 7 points from part-load performance).

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-5-021}

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Name}\label{field-chiller-name-000}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for this chiller.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Capacity}\label{field-reference-capacity-1}

This numeric field contains the reference cooling capacity of the chiller in Watts. This should be the capacity of the chiller at the reference temperatures and water flow rates defined below. Alternately, this field can be autosized.

\paragraph{Field: Reference COP}\label{field-reference-cop-1}

This numeric field contains the chiller's coefficient of performance. This value should \textbf{not} include energy use due to pumps or cooling tower fans. This COP should be at the reference temperatures and water flow rates defined below.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Leaving Chilled Water Temperature}\label{field-reference-leaving-chilled-water-temperature-1}

This numeric field contains the chiller's reference leaving chilled water temperature in Celsius. The default value is 6.67$^\circ$C.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Leaving Condenser Water Temperature}\label{field-reference-leaving-condenser-water-temperature}

This numeric field contains the chiller's reference leaving condenser water temperature in Celsius. The default value is 35$^\circ$C.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate}\label{field-reference-chilled-water-flow-rate-1}

For a variable flow chiller this is the maximum water flow rate and for a constant flow chiller this is the operating water flow rate through the chiller's evaporator. The units are in cubic meters per second. The minimum value for this numeric input field must be greater than zero, or this field can be autosized.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate}\label{field-reference-condenser-water-flow-rate}

This numeric field contains the chiller's operating condenser water flow rate in cubic meters per second. The units are in cubic meters per second. The minimum value for this numeric input field must be greater than zero, or this field can be autosized.

\paragraph{Field: Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-cooling-capacity-function-of-temperature-curve-name-1}

The name of a biquadratic performance curve (ref: Performance Curves) that parameterizes the variation of the cooling capacity as a function of the leaving chilled water temperature and the leaving condenser water temperature. The output of this curve is multiplied by the reference capacity to give the cooling capacity at specific temperature operating conditions (i.e., at temperatures different from the reference temperatures). The curve should have a value of 1.0 at the reference temperatures and flow rates specified above. The biquadratic curve should be valid for the range of water temperatures anticipated for the simulation (otherwise the program issues warning messages).

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-temperature-curve-name-1}

The name of the Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve. Valid curve object types are \hyperref[curvequadratic]{Curve:Quadratic} or \hyperref[tablelookup]{Table:Lookup}. The performance curve (ref: Performance Curves) parameterizes the variation of the energy input to cooling output ratio (EIR) as a function of the leaving chilled water temperature and the leaving condenser water temperature. The EIR is the inverse of the COP. The output of this curve is multiplied by the reference EIR (inverse of the reference COP) to give the EIR at specific temperature operating conditions (i.e., at temperatures different from the reference temperatures). The curve should have a value of 1.0 at the reference temperatures and flow rates specified above. The biquadratic curve or the \hyperref[tablelookup]{Table:Lookup} should be valid for the range of water temperatures anticipated for the simulation (otherwise the program issues warning messages).

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Type}\label{field-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve-type}

This choice field determines which type of the Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve is used in the chiller modeling. Two curve types are available: (1) Type LeavingCondenserWaterTemperature is based on the leaving condenser water temperature. (2) Type Lift is based on the normalized lift, which is the temperature difference between the leaving condenser water temperature and the leaving evaporator water temperature.

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{field-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve-name-1}

The name of performance curve (ref: Performance Curves) that parameterizes the variation of the energy input ratio (EIR) as a function of the leaving condenser water temperature and the part-load ratio (EIRfTPLR). The form of this curve is based on the input for Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Type.

For the type of LeavingCondenserWaterTemperature, the curve object type should be \hyperref[curvebicubic]{Curve:Bicubic} or \hyperref[tablelookup]{Table:Lookup} that parameterizes
the variation of the energy input to cooling output ratio (EIR) as a function of the leaving chilled water temperature and the leaving condenser water temperature.

For the type of Lift, the curve object type should be \hyperref[curvechillerpartloadwithlift]{Curve:ChillerPartLoadWithLift} or \hyperref[tablelookup]{Table:Lookup} that parameterizes the variation of EIR
as a function of the normalized fractional Lift, normalized Tdev and the PLR. Tdev is the difference between Leaving Chilled Water Temperature and Reference Chilled Water Temperature.
Lift is the difference between the Leaving Condenser Water Temperature and Leaving Chilled Water Temperature.
The EIR is the inverse of the COP, and the part-load ratio is the actual cooling load divided by the chiller's available cooling capacity.
This curve is generated by dividing the operating electric input power by the available full-load capacity (do not divide by load) at the specific operating temperatures.
The curve output should decrease from 1 towards 0 as part-load ratio decreases from 1 to 0.
The output of this curve is multiplied by the reference full-load EIR (inverse of the reference COP) and the Energy Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve
to give the EIR at the specific temperatures and part-load ratio at which the chiller is operating.
This curve should have a value of 1.0 at the reference leaving condenser water temperature with the part-load ratio equal to 1.0.
An ideal chiller with the same efficiency at all part-load ratio's would use a performance curve that has a value of 0 when the part-load ratio equals 0
(i.e., a line connecting 0,0 and 1,1 when plotted as EIRfTPLR versus PLR), however, actual systems can have part-load EIR's slightly above or below this line
(i.e., part-load efficiency often differs from rated efficiency). The bicubic curve should be valid for the range of condenser water temperatures
and part-load ratios anticipated for the simulation (otherwise the program issues warning messages).

Note: Although a bicubic curve requires 10 coefficients (ref. \hyperref[curvebicubic]{Curve:Bicubic}), coefficients 7, 9 and 10 are typically not used in the performance curve described here and should be entered as 0 unless sufficient performance data and regression accuracy exist to justify the use of these coefficients. Additionally, coefficients 2, 3, and 6 should not be used unless sufficient temperature data is available to accurately define the performance curve (i.e., negative values may result from insufficient data).

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-4}

This numeric field contains the chiller's minimum part-load ratio. The expected range is between 0 and 1. Below this part-load ratio, the compressor cycles on and off to meet the cooling load. The Minimum Part Load Ratio must be less than or equal to the Maximum Part Load Ratio. The default value is 0.1.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-4}

This numeric field contains the chiller's maximum part-load ratio. This value may exceed 1, but the normal range is between 0 and 1.0. The Maximum Part Load Ratio must be greater than or equal to the Minimum Part Load Ratio. The default value is 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-4}

This numeric field contains the chiller's optimum part-load ratio. This is the part-load ratio at which the chiller performs at its maximum COP. The optimum part-load ratio must be greater than or equal to the Minimum Part Load Ratio, and less than or equal to the Maximum Part Load Ratio. The default value is 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Unloading Ratio}\label{field-minimum-unloading-ratio-1}

This numeric field contains the chiller's minimum unloading ratio. The expected range is between 0 and 1. The minimum unloading ratio is where the chiller capacity can no longer be reduced by unloading and must be false loaded to meet smaller cooling loads. A typical false loading strategy is hot-gas bypass. The minimum unloading ratio must be greater than or equal to the Minimum Part Load Ratio, and less than or equal to the Maximum Part Load Ratio. The default value is 0.2.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Side Inlet Node}\label{field-chilled-water-side-inlet-node}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller plant side (chilled water) inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Side Outlet Node}\label{field-chilled-water-side-outlet-node}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller plant side (chilled water) outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Side Inlet Node}\label{field-condenser-side-inlet-node}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser side inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Side Outlet Node}\label{field-condenser-side-outlet-node}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser side outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Fraction of Compressor Electric Power Rejected by Condenser}\label{field-fraction-of-compressor-electric-power-rejected-by-condenser-1}

This numeric input represents the fraction of compressor electrical energy consumption that must be rejected by the condenser. Enter a value of 1.0 when modeling hermetic chillers. For open chillers, enter the compressor motor efficiency. This value must be greater than 0.0 and less than or equal to 1.0, with a default value of 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Leaving Chilled Water Lower Temperature Limit}\label{field-leaving-chilled-water-lower-temperature-limit-1}

This numeric field contains the lower limit for the leaving chilled water temperature in Celsius. This temperature acts as a cut off for heat transfer in the evaporator, so that the water doesn't get too cold. This input field is currently unused. The default value is 2$^\circ$C.

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Flow Mode Type}\label{field-chiller-flow-mode-type}

This choice field determines how the chiller operates with respect to the intended fluid flow through the device's evaporator.~ There are three different choices for specifying operating modes for the intended flow behavior:~ ``NotModulated,'' ``ConstantFlow,'' and ``LeavingSetpointModulated.''~ NotModulated is useful for either variable or constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller is passive in the sense that although it makes a nominal request for its design flow rate it can operate at varying flow rates.~ ConstantFlow is useful for constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller's request for flow is stricter and can increase the overall loop flow.~ LeavingSetpointModulated changes the chiller model to internally vary the flow rate so that the temperature leaving the chiller matches a setpoint.~ In all cases the operation of the external plant system can also impact the flow through the chiller -- for example if the relative sizes and operation are such that flow is restricted and the requests cannot be met.~ The default, if not specified, is NotModulated.

\paragraph{Field: Design Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-heat-recovery-water-flow-rate-2}

This is the design heat recovery water flow rate if the heat recovery option is being simulated. If this value is greater than 0.0 (or autosize), a heat recovery loop must be specified and attached to the chiller using the next two node fields. The units are in cubic meters per second.~ This field is autosizable.~ When autosizing, the flow rate is simply the product of the design condenser flow rate and the condenser heat recovery relative capacity fraction set in the field below.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-inlet-node-name-2}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller heat recovery side inlet node. If the user wants to model chiller heat recovery, a heat recovery loop must be specified.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-outlet-node-name-2}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller heat recovery side outlet node. If the user wants to model chiller heat recovery, a heat recovery loop must be specifiedr.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-5}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Reference Capacity, Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate and Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate. Sizing Factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Heat Recovery Relative Capacity Fraction}\label{field-condenser-heat-recovery-relative-capacity-fraction-2}

This field is optional.~ It can be used to describe the physical size of the heat recovery portion of a split bundle condenser section.~ This fraction describes the relative capacity of the heat recovery bundle of a split condenser compared to the nominal, full load heat rejection rate of the chiller.~ This fraction will be applied to the full heat rejection when operating at nominal capacity and nominal COP to model a capacity limit for the heat rejection.~ If this field is not entered then the capacity fraction is set to 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Inlet High Temperature Limit Schedule Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-inlet-high-temperature-limit-schedule-name-2}

This field is optional.~ It can be used to control heat recovery operation of the chiller.~ The schedule named here should contain temperature values, in C, that describe an upper limit for the return fluid temperatures entering the chiller at the heat recovery inlet node.~ If the fluid temperature is too high, then the heat recovery will not operate.~ This is useful to restrict the chiller lift from becoming too high and to avoid overheating the hot water loop.~ This limit can be used with or without the alternate control using leaving setpoint that is set in the next field.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Leaving Temperature Setpoint Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-leaving-temperature-setpoint-node-name-2}

This field is optional.~ It can be used to refine the model and controls for heat recovery operation of the chiller.~ The node named here should have a setpoint placed on it by a setpoint manager.~ If the plant loop's demand calculation scheme is set to SingleSetpoint, then a single setpoint manager should be used.~ If the plant loop's demand calculation is set to DualSetpointDeadband then a dual setpoint manager should be used and the upper setpoint is used for control.~ When this field is used, a different model is used for determining the distribution of rejected heat between the two bundles that is more appropriate for series bundle arrangements and for chiller's that are able to produce relatively higher temperature heated fluids.

\paragraph{Field: End-Use Subcategory}\label{end-use-subcategory-12}

This optional field allows you to specify a user-defined end-use subcategory, e.g., ``Process''. A new meter for reporting is created for each unique subcategory (ref: \hyperref[outputmeter-and-outputmetermeterfileonly]{Output:Meter} objects). Any text may be used here to further subcategorize the end-uses in the ABUPS End Uses by Subcategory table and in the LEED Summary EAp2-4/5 Performance Rating Method Compliance table. If this field is omitted or blank, the chiller will be assigned to the ``General'' end-use subcategory.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Flow Control}\label{field-condenser-flow-control}

This field is optional.~ It describes the chiller condenser flow request mode to be used in a simulation. With ``ConstantFlow'' a chiller will always request its maximum condenser flow rate. With ``ModulatedChillerPLR'' the condenser flow request corresponds to the chiller part load ratio multiplied by the chiller maximum condenser flow rate.  With  ``ModulatedLoopPLR'' the chiller will request a flow rate that is function of the chilled water loop's part load ratio, see the \hyperref[field-condenser-loop-flow-rate-function-of-loop-part-load-ratio-curve-name-2]{Condenser Loop Flow Rate Fraction Function of Loop Part Load Ratio Curve Name} input. With ``ModulatedDeltaTemperature'' the chiller will request the flow rate required to meet a condenser loop delta temperature, see the \hyperref[field-temperature-difference-across-condenser-schedule-name-2]{Temperature Difference Across Condenser Schedule Name} input. Use ``ConstantFlow'' when modeling a constant flow condenser plant loop, choose one of the other inputs when modeling a variable flow condenser plant loop. The default is ``ConstantFlow''.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Loop Flow Rate Fraction Function of Loop Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{field-condenser-loop-flow-rate-function-of-loop-part-load-ratio-curve-name-2}

This field describes the condenser loop flow rate fraction as a function of the chiller water loop part load ratio. A linear curve is expected: CWFR = C * PLR + D where CWFR is the condenser water flow fraction (actual/design), PLR is the chilled water plant loop part load ratio (actual/design), and C and D are coefficients. A reference for these coefficients is provided in ``Optimizing Design \& Control Of Chilled Water Plants, Part 5'', S. Taylor, ASHRAE Journal June 2012.  This input is only used when the ``ModulatedLoopPLR'' condenser flow control option is used.

\paragraph{Field: Temperature Difference Across Condenser Schedule Name}\label{field-temperature-difference-across-condenser-schedule-name-2}

This field should be a schedule that defines the temperature difference across the condenser of the chiller. This input is used to calculate the condenser flow rate request. This input is only used when ``Condenser Flow Control'' is set to ``ModulatedDeltaTemperature''.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Minimum Flow Fraction}

This field corresponds to the minimum condenser flow fraction. The minimum condenser flow is equal to the value of this input multiplied by the chiller maximum condenser flow rate. This input is only used when the ``Condenser Flow Control'' input is set to ``ModulatedChillerPLR'', ``ModulatedLoopPLR'' or ``ModulatedDeltaTemperature''. When not specified, a default of 0.2 is assumed.

\paragraph{Field: Thermosiphon Capacity Fraction Curve Name}\label{thermosiphon-capacity-fraction-curve-name4}

This optional field allows specification of a user-defined performance curve which defines the fraction of capacity available through refrigerant thermosiphoning when the condenser inlet temperature is lower than the evaporator outlet temperature. When this fraction is less than or equal to the chiller part-load ratio the load may be met by refrigerant thermosiphoning. During this time the chiller power is 0 W and the Thermosiphon Status flag is set to 1.

\begin{equation}
    ThermosiphonCapacityFraction = {C_1} + {C_2}{\Delta_{temp}}
\end{equation}

Where the Delta Temperature is defined as:

\begin{equation}
{\Delta_{{\rm{Temp}}}}
    = {\rm{TempEvapOut  -  TempCondIn }}
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Thermosiphon Minimum Temperature Difference}\label{thermosiphon-minimum-temperature-difference4}

This optional input field specifies the minimum temperature difference to activate refrigerant thermosiphoning. If the temperature difference described above is less than this value refrigerant thermosiphoning is disabled. If this field is blank the default value is 0 C.


An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
Chiller:Electric:ReformulatedEIR,
  Main Chiller,               !- Chiller Name
  50000,                      !- Reference Capacity {W}
  3.99,                       !- Reference COP
  6.67,                       !- Reference Leaving Chilled Water Temperature {C}
  35.0,                       !- Reference Leaving Condenser Water Temperature {C}
  0.00898,                    !- Reference Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.01122,                    !- Reference Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  Main Chiller RecipCapFT,    !- Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve
  Main Chiller RecipEIRFT,    !- Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve
  LeavingCondenserWaterTemperature  !- Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Type
  Main Chiller RecipEIRFPLR,  !- Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name
  0.01,                       !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1,                          !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  1,                          !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  0.07,                       !- Minimum Unloading Ratio
  Main Chiller ChW Inlet,     !- Chilled Water Side Inlet Node
  Main Chiller ChW Outlet,    !- Chilled Water Side Outlet Node
  Main Chiller Cnd Inlet,     !- Condenser Side Inlet Node
  Main Chiller Cnd Outlet,    !- Condenser Side Outlet Node
  1,                          !- Fraction of Compressor Electric Power Rejected by Condenser
  2,                          !- Leaving Chilled Water Lower Temperature Limit {C}
  ConstantFlow;               !- Chiller Flow Mode

! Cooling capacity to rated capacity function of Temperature Curve
! x = Leaving Chilled Water Temperature and y = Leaving Condenser Water Temperature
  Curve:Biquadratic,
  Main Chiller RecipCapFT,    !- Name
  0.958546443,                !- Coefficient1 Constant
  0.035168695,                !- Coefficient2 x
  0.000124662,                !- Coefficient3 x\*\*2
  -0.00274551,                !- Coefficient4y
  -0.00005000,                !- Coefficient5y\*\*2
  -0.00017234,                !- Coefficient6x\*y
  5.00,                       !- Minimum Value of x
  10.0,                       !- Maximum Value of x
  20.00,                      !- Minimum Value of y
  40.94;                      !- Maximum Value of y

! Energy Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve
! x = Leaving Chilled Water Temperature and y = Leaving Condenser Water Temperature
  Curve:Biquadratic,
  Main Chiller RecipEIRFT,    !- Name
  0.732700123,                !- Coefficient1 Constant
  -0.00834360,                !- Coefficient2 x
  0.000638530,                !- Coefficient3 x\*\*2
  -0.00303753,                !- Coefficient4y
  0.000484952,                !- Coefficient5y\*\*2
  -0.00083584,                !- Coefficient6x\*y
  5.00,                       !- Minimum Value of x
  10.0,                       !- Maximum Value of x
  20.00,                      !- Minimum Value of y
  40.94;                      !- Maximum Value of y

! Energy Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve
! x = Leaving Condenser water Temperature and y = Part Load Ratio
  Curve:Bicubic,
  Main Chiller RecipEIRFPLR,  !- Name
  0.070862846,                !- Coefficient1 Constant
  0.002787560,                !- Coefficient2 x
  -0.00000891,                !- Coefficient3 x\*\*2
  0.230973399,                !- Coefficient4y
  1.250442176,                !- Coefficient5y\*\*2
  -0.00216102,                !- Coefficient6x\*y
  0.000000,                   !- Coefficient7x\*\*3
  -0.56300936,                !- Coefficient8y\*\*3
  0.000000,                   !- Coefficient9x\*\*2\*y
  0.000000,                   !- Coefficient10x\*y\*\*2
  20.00,                      !- Minimum Value of x
  40.94,                      !- Maximum Value of x
  0.01,                       !- Minimum Value of y
  1.0;                        !- Maximum Value of y
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-5-006}

The output variables for Chiller:Electric:ReformulatedEIR are the same as the output variables for Chiller:Electric:EIR (ref. Electric EIR Chiller Outputs). except for the Chiller Condenser Fan Electricity Rate and Energy reports

\subsection{Chiller:EngineDriven}\label{chillerenginedriven}

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-6-018}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-5-017}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the engine driven chiller.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Type}\label{field-condenser-type-3-000}

This alpha field determines what type of condenser will be modeled with this chiller. The 3 type of condensers are AirCooled, WaterCooled, and EvaporativelyCooled with the default being AirCooled if not specified. AirCooled and EvaporativelyCooled do not require a Condenser Loop to be specified, where the WaterCooled option requires the full specification of the Condenser Loop and its associated equipment.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-4}

This numeric field contains the nominal cooling capability of the chiller in Watts.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal COP}\label{field-nominal-cop-2}

This numeric field contains the chiller's coefficient of performance (COP).

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-inlet-node-name-5}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller plant side inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-node-name-5}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller plant side outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Inlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-inlet-node-name-5}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser side inlet node. This node name is required if the chiller is WaterCooled, and optional if the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and a condenser inlet node name is specified here, the node name specified must also be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnode]{OutdoorAir:Node} object where the height of the node is taken into consideration when calculating outdoor air temperature from the weather data. Alternately, the node name may be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnodelist]{OutdoorAir:NodeList} object where the outdoor air temperature is taken directly from the weather data. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and this field is left blank, the program automatically creates an outdoor air node and the air temperature information on this node is taken directly from the weather file (no node height adjustment).

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Outlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-outlet-node-name-5}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser side outlet node. This node name is required if the chiller is WaterCooled, and optional if the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and this field is left blank, the program automatically creates a condenser side outlet air node.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-5}

This numeric field contains the chiller's minimum part load ratio. The expected range is between 0 and 1. The minimum part load is not the load where the machine shuts off, but where the amount of power remains constant to produce smaller loads than this fraction.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-5}

This numeric field contains the chiller's maximum part load ratio. This value may exceed 1, but the normal range is between 0 and 1.1.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-5}

This numeric field contains the chiller's optimum part load ratio. This is the part load ratio at which the chiller performs at its maximum COP.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Inlet Temperature}\label{field-design-condenser-inlet-temperature-3}

This numeric field contains the chiller's condenser inlet design temperature in Celsius.

\paragraph{Field: Temperature Rise Coefficient}\label{field-temperature-rise-coefficient-1}

This numeric field contains the electric chiller's temperature rise coefficient which is defined as the ratio of the required change in condenser water temperature to a given change in chilled water temperature, which maintains the capacity at the nominal value. This is calculated as the following ratio:

\begin{equation}
    \frac{{TCEn{t_{required}} - TCEn{t_{rated}}}}{{TEL{v_{required}} - TEL{v_{rated}}}}
\end{equation}

where:

TCEnt\(_{required}\) = Required entering condenser air or water temperature to maintain rated capacity.

TCEnt\(_{rated}\) = Rated entering condenser air or water temperature at rated capacity.

TELv\(_{required}\) = Required leaving evaporator water outlet temperature to maintain rated capacity.

TELv\(_{rated}\) = Rated leaving evaporator water outlet temperature at rated capacity.

\paragraph{Field: Design Chilled Water Outlet Temperature}\label{field-design-chilled-water-outlet-temperature-1}

This numeric field contains the chiller's evaporator outlet design temperature in Celsius.

\paragraph{Field: Design Chilled Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-chilled-water-flow-rate-4}

For variable volume chiller this is the maximum flow and for constant flow chiller this is the design flow rate. The units are in cubic meters per second.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-condenser-water-flow-rate-3}

This numeric field contains the chiller's design condenser water flow rate in cubic meters per second. This field can be autosized. This field is not user for Condenser Type = AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled.

\paragraph{Capacity Ratio Curve}\label{capacity-ratio-curve-1}

The Capacity Ratio Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the Ratio of Available Capacity to Nominal Capacity. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    AvailToNominalCapacityRatio = {C_1} + {C_2}{\Delta_{temp}} + {C_3}\Delta_{temp}^2
\end{equation}

Where the Delta Temperature is defined as:

\begin{equation}
    FullLoadtoPowerRatio = {C_1} + {C_2}AvailToNominalCapRatio + {C_3}AvailToNominalCapRati{o^2}
\end{equation}

TempCondIn = Temperature entering the condenser (water or air temperature depending on condenser type).

TempCondInDesign = Design Condenser Inlet Temperature from User input above.

TempEvapOut = Temperature leaving the evaporator.

TempEvapOutDesign = Design Chilled Water Outlet Temperature from User input above.

TempRiseCoefficient = User Input from above.

The following three fields contain the coefficients for the quadratic equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Capacity Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-capacity-ratio-curve-1}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the capacity ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Capacity Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-capacity-ratio-curve-1}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the capacity ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Capacity Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-capacity-ratio-curve-1}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the capacity ratio curve.

\paragraph{Power Ratio Curve}\label{power-ratio-curve-1}

The Power Ratio Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the Ratio of Full Load to Power. The defining equation is:

\(FracFullLoadPower = {C_1} + {C_2}PartLoadRatio + {C_3}PartLoadRati{o^2}\) The following three fields contain the coefficients for the quadratic equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Power Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-power-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the power ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Power Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-power-ratio-curve-1}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the power ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Power Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-power-ratio-curve-1}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the power ratio curve.

\paragraph{Full Load Ratio Curve}\label{full-load-ratio-curve-1}

The Full Load Ratio Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the fraction of full load power. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
{\rm{CoolingLoadtoFuelCurve}}
    = {C_1} + {C_2} * PLR + {C_3} * PL{R^2}
\end{equation}

The following three fields contain the coefficients for the quadratic equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Full Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-full-load-ratio-curve-1}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the full load ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Full Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-full-load-ratio-curve-1}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the full load ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Full Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-full-load-ratio-curve-1}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the full load ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-temperature-lower-limit-3}

This numeric field contains the lower limit for the evaporator outlet temperature. This temperature acts as a cut off for heat transfer in the evaporator, so that the fluid doesn't get too cold.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Use Curve Name}\label{field-fuel-use-curve-name}

This alpha field contains the name of the Cooling Load to Fuel Use curve. The curve itself is specified separately using the EnergyPlus Curve Manager. The Fuel Use Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the ratio of Cooling Load to Fuel Energy. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    RecoveryJacketHeatToFuelRatio = {C_1} + {C_2}RL + {C_3}R{L^2}
\end{equation}

where PLR is the Part Load Ratio from the Chiller. The Part Load Based Fuel Input Curve determines the ratio of fuel energy per unit time (J/s) / cooling load (W). This is illustrated by the logic block in the Engine Driven Chiller algorithm.

\begin{lstlisting}
IF (PartLoadRat = = 0)THEN
   EngineDrivenFuelEnergy = 0
ELSE
   ClngLoadFuelRat = CurveValue(EngineDrivenChiller(ChillerNum)%ClngLoadtoFuelCurve, PartLoadRat )
   EngineDrivenFuelEnergy = QEvaporator / ClngLoadFuelRat
END IF
\end{lstlisting}

\paragraph{Field: Jacket Heat Recovery Curve Name}\label{field-jacket-heat-recovery-curve-name-000}

This alpha field contains the name of the Recovery Jacket Heat curve. The curve itself is specified separately using the EnergyPlus Curve Manager. The Recovery Jacket Heat Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the ratio of recovery jacket heat to fuel energy. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    RecoveryLubeHeatToFuelRatio = {C_1} + {C_2}RL + {C_3}R{L^2}
\end{equation}

where RL is the Ratio of Load to Diesel Engine Capacity

\paragraph{Field: Lube Heat Recovery Curve Name}\label{field-lube-heat-recovery-curve-name-000}

This alpha field contains the name of the Recovery Lube Heat curve. The curve itself is specified separately using the EnergyPlus Curve Manager. The Recovery Lubricant Heat Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the ratio of recovery lube heat to fuel energy. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    TotalExhaustToFuelRatio = {C_1} + {C_2}RL + {C_3}R{L^2}
\end{equation}

where RL is the Ratio of Load to Diesel Engine Capacity

\paragraph{Field: Total Exhaust Energy Curve Name}\label{field-total-exhaust-energy-curve-name-000}

This alpha field contains the name of the Total Exhaust Energy curve. The curve itself is specified separately using the EnergyPlus Curve Manager. The Total Exhaust Energy Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the ratio of total exhaust energy to fuel energy. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    AbsoluteExhaustTemperature = {C_1} + {C_2}RL + {C_3}R{L^2}
\end{equation}

where RL is the Ratio of Load to Diesel Engine Capacity

\paragraph{Field: Exhaust Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-exhaust-temperature-curve-name-000}

This alpha field contains the name of the Exhaust Temperature curve. The curve itself is specified separately using the EnergyPlus Curve Manager. The Exhaust Temperature Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the absolute exhaust temperature. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    UAToCapacityRatio = {C_1}EngineCapacit{y^{{C_2}}}
\end{equation}

where RL is the Ratio of Load to Diesel Engine Capacity

\paragraph{U-Factor Times Area Curve}\label{u-factor-times-area-curve}

The U-Factor Times Area (UA) is an equation that determines the overall heat transfer coefficient for the exhaust gasses with the stack. The heat transfer coefficient ultimately helps determine the exhaust stack temperature. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    \frac{{TCEn{t_{required}} - TCEn{t_{rated}}}}{{TEL{v_{required}} - TEL{v_{rated}}}}
\end{equation}

The following two fields contain the coefficients for the equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of U-Factor Times Area Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-u-factor-times-area-curve-000}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the overall heat transfer coefficient curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of U-Factor Times Area Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-u-factor-times-area-curve-000}

This numeric field contains the second (exponential) coefficient for the overall heat transfer coefficient curve.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Exhaust Flow per Unit of Power Output}\label{field-maximum-exhaust-flow-per-unit-of-power-output-000}

This numeric field contains the maximum exhaust gas mass flow rate per watt of cooling provided by the engine driven chiller

\paragraph{Field: Design Minimum Exhaust Temperature}\label{field-design-minimum-exhaust-temperature-000}

This numeric field contains the steam saturation temperature in Celsius that would be used to determine the energy recovered from a water jacket heat exchanger on the engine.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Type}\label{field-fuel-type-002}

This alpha value specifies the type of fuel used in the engine. The fuel type can be NaturalGas, Propane, Diesel, Gasoline, FuelOilNo1, FuelOilNo2, OtherFuel1 or OtherFuel2. This field is required.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Higher Heating Value}\label{field-fuel-higher-heating-value-000}

This numeric field contains the higher heating value of the fuel used in kJ/kg.

\paragraph{Field: Design Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-heat-recovery-water-flow-rate-3}

This optional numeric field is the design heat recovery plant fluid flow rate, if the heat recovery option is being simulated. If this value is greater than 0.0, or autosize, then a heat recovery loop must be specified and attached to the chiller using the next two node input fields. The units are in cubic meters per second. This field is autosizable. When autosizing, the flow rate is simply the product of the design condenser flow rate and the Condenser Heat Recovery Relative Capacity Fraction set in the field below.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-inlet-node-name-3}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the heat recovery side inlet node. If a loop is connected, then the jacket and lubricant heat will be recovered. There is no need for an effectiveness term, since the jacket and lubricant recovered heat energies are the actual recovered energies.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-outlet-node-name-3}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the heat recovery side outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Flow Mode}\label{field-chiller-flow-mode-5}

This choice field determines how the chiller operates with respect to the intended fluid flow through the device's evaporator.~ There are three different choices for specifying operating modes for the intended flow behavior:~ ``NotModulated,'' ``ConstantFlow,'' and ``LeavingSetpointModulated.''~ NotModulated is useful for either variable or constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller is passive in the sense that although it makes a nominal request for its design flow rate it can operate at varying flow rates.~ ConstantFlow is useful for constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller's request for flow is stricter and can increase the overall loop flow.~ LeavingSetpointModulated changes the chiller model to internally vary the flow rate so that the temperature leaving the chiller matches a setpoint.~ In all cases the operation of the external plant system can also impact the flow through the chiller -- for example if the relative sizes and operation are such that flow is restricted and the requests cannot be met.~ The default, if not specified, is NotModulated.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Temperature for Heat Recovery at Heat Recovery Outlet Node}\label{field-maximum-temperature-for-heat-recovery-at-heat-recovery-outlet-node}

This field sets the maximum temperature that this piece of equipment can produce for heat recovery. The idea behind this field is that the current models do not take temperatures into account for availability and they just pass Q's around the loop without a temperature limit. This temperature limit puts an upper bound on the recovered heat and limits the max temperatures leaving the component.

As temperatures in the loop approach the maximum temperature, the temperature difference between the entering water and the surfaces in the piece of equipment becomes smaller. For the given heat recovery flow rate and that temperature difference the amount of heat recovered will be reduced, and eventually there will be no heat recovered when the entering water temperature is equal to the maximum temperature specified by the user in this field. The reduced amount of heat recovered will diminish if the temperature of the loop approach is the maximum temperature, and this will show up in the reporting. This allows the user to set the availability or the quality of the heat recovered for usage in other parts of the system or to heat domestic hot water supply. The temperature is specified in degrees C.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-6}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Nominal Capacity, Design Chilled Water Flow Rate and Design Condenser Water Flow Rate. Sizing Factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Capacity}\label{field-basin-heater-capacity-3-001}

This numeric field contains the capacity of the chiller's electric basin heater in watts per degree Kelvin. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. This field is used in conjunction with the Basin Heater Setpoint Temperature described in the following field. The basin heater electric power is equal to this field multiplied by the difference between the basin heater set point temperature and the outdoor dry-bulb temperature. The basin heater only operates when the chiller is off, regardless of the basin heater schedule described below. The basin heater capacity must be greater than or equal to zero, with a default value of zero if this field is left blank.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Setpoint Temperature}\label{field-basin-heater-setpoint-temperature-3-001}

This numeric field contains the set point temperature (˚C) for the basin heater described in the previous field. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. The basin heater is active when the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature falls below this setpoint temperature, as long as the chiller is off. This set point temperature must be greater than or equal to 2˚C, and the default value is 2˚C if this field is left blank.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Operating Schedule Name}\label{field-basin-heater-operating-schedule-name-3-001}

This alpha field contains the name of the basin heater operating schedule. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. The basin heater operating schedule is assumed to be an on/off schedule and the heater is available to operate any time the schedule value is greater than 0. The basin heater operates when scheduled on and the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature is below the set point temperature described in the previous field. If this field is left blank, the basin heater is available to operate throughout the simulation. Regardless of this schedule, the basin heater may only operate when the chiller is off.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Heat Recovery Relative Capacity Fraction}\label{field-engine-heat-recovery-fraction}

This field is optional. It can be used to describe the physical size of the heat recovery portion of a split bundle condenser section. This fraction describes the relative capacity of the heat recovery bundle of a split condenser compared to the nominal, full load heat rejection rate of the chiller. This fraction will be applied to the full heat rejection when operating at nominal capacity and nominal COP to model a capacity limit for the heat rejection. If this field is not entered then the capacity fraction is set to 1.0.

An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
Chiller:EngineDriven,
  Central Chiller,            !- Chiller Name
  WaterCooled,                !- Condenser Type
  autosize,                   !- Nominal Capacity {W}
  2.75,                       !- COP
  Central Chiller Inlet Node, !- Chilled Water Inlet Node Name
  Central Chiller Outlet Node,!- Chilled Water Outlet Node Name
  Central Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Condenser Inlet Node Name
  Central Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,  !- Condenser Outlet Node Name
  0.0,                        !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  .65,                        !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  35.0,                       !- Design Condenser Inlet Temperature {C}
  2.778,                      !- Temperature Rise Coefficient
  6.67,                       !- Design Chilled Water Outlet Temperature {C}
  autosize,                   !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  autosize,                   !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.9949,                     !- Coefficient 1 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  -0.045954,                  !- Coefficient 2 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  -0.0013543,                 !- Coefficient 3 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  2.333,                      !- Coefficient 1 of Power Ratio Curve
  -1.975,                     !- Coefficient 2 of Power Ratio Curve
  0.6121,                     !- Coefficient 3 of Power Ratio Curve
  0.03303,                    !- Coefficient 1 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  0.6852,                     !- Coefficient 2 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  0.2818,                     !- Coefficient 3 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  5,                          !- Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit {C}
  Fuel Use Curve,             !- the Fuel Use Curve
  Jacket Heat Recovery Curve, !- the Recovery Jacket Heat curve
  Lube Heat Recovery Curve,   !- the Recovery Lube Heat curve
  Total Exhaust Energy Curve, !- the Total Exhaust Energy curve
  Exhaust Temperature Curve,  !- the Exhaust Temperature curve
  0.01516,                    !- Coefficient1 of UA curve
  0.9,                        !- Coefficient2 of UA curve
  0.00063,                    !- Maximum Exhaust Flow per W of Power Output {(kg/s)/W}
  150,                        !- Design Minimum Exhaust temp. (Steam Saturation Temperature) {C}
  DIESEL,                     !- Fuel Type
  45500,                      !- Fuel Heating Value {kJ/kg}
  0.0,                        !- Design heat recovery water flow rate {m3/s}
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name
  VariableFlow,               !- Chiller Flow Mode
  60.0;                       !- Maximum Temp for Heat Recovery. This sets max availability {C}
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-6-006}

\begin{lstlisting}
HVAC,Average,Chiller Electricity Rate [W]
  HVAC,Sum,Chiller Electricity Energy [J]
  Zone,Meter,Electricity:Plant [J]
  Zone,Meter,Cooling:Electricity [J]
  HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate [W]
  HVAC,Sum,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Energy [J]
  Zone,Meter,EnergyTransfer:Plant [J]
  Zone,Meter,Chillers:EnergyTransfer [J]
  HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Inlet Temperature [C]
  HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Outlet Temperature [C]
  HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Mass Flow Rate [kg/s]
  HVAC,Average,Chiller COP [W/W]
  HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy Rate [W]
  HVAC,Sum,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy [J]
  Zone,Meter,HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer [J]
\end{lstlisting}

Air-cooled or Evap-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \tightlist
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

Evap-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Water-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Drive Shaft Power {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Drive Shaft Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Jacket Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Jacket Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRecovery:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Lube Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Lube Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Exhaust Heat Recovery Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Exhaust Heat Recovery Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Total Recovered Heat Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Total Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Exhaust Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

One of the following blocks will be applicable based on fuel type:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller NaturalGas Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller NaturalGas Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller NaturalGas Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Propane Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Propane Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Propane Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Diesel Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Diesel Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Diesel Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Gasoline Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Gasoline Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Gasoline Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller FuelOilNo1 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller FuelOilNo1 Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller FuelOilNo1 Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller FuelOilNo2 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller FuelOilNo2 Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller FuelOilNo2 Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller OtherFuel1 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller OtherFuel1 Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller OtherFuel1 Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller OtherFuel2 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller OtherFuel2 Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller OtherFuel2 Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

These chiller output variables are defined above under ``Generic Chiller Outputs.''

\subsection{Chiller:CombustionTurbine}\label{chillercombustionturbine}

This chiller model is the empirical model from the Building Loads and System Thermodynamics (BLAST) program. Chiller performance curves are generated by fitting catalog data to third order polynomial equations. Three sets of coefficients are required.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-7-018}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-6-015}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the combustion turbine chiller.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Type}\label{field-condenser-type-4-000}

This alpha field determines what type of condenser will be modeled with this chiller. The 3 type of condensers are AirCooled, WaterCooled, and EvaporativelyCooled with the default being AirCooled if not specified. AirCooled and EvaporativelyCooled do not require a Condenser Loop to be specified, where the WaterCooled option requires the full specification of the Condenser Loop and its associated equipment.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-5}

This numeric field contains the nominal cooling capability of the chiller in Watts.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal COP}\label{field-nominal-cop-3}

This numeric field contains the chiller's coefficient of performance (COP).

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-inlet-node-name-6}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the combustion turbine chiller plant side inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-node-name-6}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the combustion turbine chiller plant side inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-node-name-7}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the combustion turbine chiller plant side outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Inlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-inlet-node-name-6}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the combustion turbine chiller condenser side inlet node. This node name is required if the chiller is WaterCooled, and optional if the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and a condenser inlet node name is specified here, the node name specified must also be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnode]{OutdoorAir:Node} object where the height of the node is taken into consideration when calculating outdoor air temperature from the weather data. Alternately, the node name may be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnodelist]{OutdoorAir:NodeList} object where the outdoor air temperature is taken directly from the weather data. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and this field is left blank, the program automatically creates an outdoor air node and the air temperature information on this node is taken directly from the weather file (no node height adjustment).

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Outlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-outlet-node-name-6}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the combustion turbine chiller condenser side outlet node. This node name is required if the chiller is WaterCooled, and optional if the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled. If the chiller is AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled and this field is left blank, the program automatically creates a condenser side outlet air node.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-6}

This numeric field contains the combustion turbine chiller's minimum part load ratio. The expected range is between 0 and 1. The minimum part load is not the load where the machine shuts off, but where the amount of power remains constant to produce smaller loads than this fraction.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-6}

This numeric field contains the combustion turbine chiller's maximum part load ratio. This value may exceed 1, but the normal range is between 0 and 1.1.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-6}

This numeric field contains the combustion turbine chiller's optimum part load ratio. This is the part load ratio at which the chiller performs at its maximum COP.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Inlet Temperature}\label{field-design-condenser-inlet-temperature-4}

This numeric field contains the combustion turbine chiller's condenser inlet design temperature in Celsius.

\paragraph{Field: Temperature Rise Coefficient}\label{field-temperature-rise-coefficient-2}

This numeric field contains the electric chiller's temperature rise coefficient which is defined as the ratio of the required change in condenser water temperature to a given change in chilled water temperature, which maintains the capacity at the nominal value. This is calculated as the following ratio:

\begin{equation}
    \frac{{TCEn{t_{required}} - TCEn{t_{rated}}}}{{TEL{v_{required}} - TEL{v_{rated}}}}
\end{equation}

where:

TCEnt\(_{required}\) = Required entering condenser air or water temperature to maintain rated capacity.

TCEnt\(_{rated}\) = Rated entering condenser air or water temperature at rated capacity.

TELv\(_{required}\) = Required leaving evaporator water outlet temperature to maintain rated capacity.

TELv\(_{rated}\) = Rated leaving evaporator water outlet temperature at rated capacity.

\paragraph{Field: Design Chilled Water Outlet Temperature}\label{field-design-chilled-water-outlet-temperature-2}

This numeric field contains the combustion turbine chiller's evaporator outlet design temperature in Celsius.

\paragraph{Field: Design Chilled Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-chilled-water-flow-rate-5}

For variable volume chiller this is the maximum flow and for constant flow chiller this is the design flow rate. The units are in cubic meters per second.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-condenser-water-flow-rate-4}

This numeric field contains the combustion turbine chiller's design condenser water flow rate in cubic meters per second. This field can be autosized. This field is not used for Condenser Type = AirCooled or EvaporativelyCooled.

\paragraph{Capacity Ratio Curve}\label{capacity-ratio-curve-2}

The Capacity Ratio Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the Ratio of Available Capacity to Nominal Capacity. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    AvailToNominalCapacityRatio = {C_1} + {C_2}{\Delta_{temp}} + {C_3}\Delta_{temp}^2
\end{equation}

Where the Delta Temperature is defined as:

\begin{equation}
    FullLoadtoPowerRatio = {C_1} + {C_2}AvailToNominalCapRatio + {C_3}AvailToNominalCapRati{o^2}
\end{equation}

TempCondIn = Temperature entering the condenser (water or air temperature depending on condenser type).

TempCondInDesign = Design Condenser Inlet Temperature from User input above.

TempEvapOut = Temperature leaving the evaporator.

TempEvapOutDesign = Design Chilled Water Outlet Temperature from User input above.

TempRiseCoefficient = User Input from above.

The following three fields contain the coefficients for the quadratic equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Capacity Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-capacity-ratio-curve-2}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the capacity ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Capacity Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-capacity-ratio-curve-2}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the capacity ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Capacity Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-capacity-ratio-curve-2}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the capacity ratio curve.

\paragraph{Power Ratio Curve}\label{power-ratio-curve-2}

The Power Ratio Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the Ratio of Full Load to Power. The defining equation is:

\(FracFullLoadPower = {C_1} + {C_2}PartLoadRatio + {C_3}PartLoadRati{o^2}\) The following three fields contain the coefficients for the quadratic equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Power Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-power-ratio-curve-1}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the power ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Power Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-power-ratio-curve-2}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the power ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Power Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-power-ratio-curve-2}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the power ratio curve.

\paragraph{Full Load Ratio Curve}\label{full-load-ratio-curve-2}

The Full Load Ratio Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the fraction of full load power. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    FuelEnergyInput = PLoad * (FI{C_1} + FI{C_2}RLoad + FI{C_3}RLoa{d^2}) * (TBFI{C_1} + TBFI{C_2}A{T_{air}} + TBFI{C_3}AT_{air}^2)
\end{equation}

The following three fields contain the coefficients for the quadratic equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Full Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-full-load-ratio-curve-2}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the full load ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Full Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-full-load-ratio-curve-2}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the full load ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Full Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-full-load-ratio-curve-2}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the full load ratio curve.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-temperature-lower-limit-4}

This numeric field contains the lower limit for the evaporator outlet temperature. This temperature acts as a cut off for heat transfer in the evaporator, so that the fluid doesn't get too cold.

\paragraph{Fuel Input Curve}\label{fuel-input-curve}

The Fuel Input Curve is a polynomial equation that determines the Ratio of Fuel Input to Energy Output. The equation combines both the Fuel Input Curve Coefficients and the Temperature Based Fuel Input Curve Coefficients. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    ExhaustFlowRate = GTCapacity * ({C_1} + {C_2}A{T_{air}} + {C_3}AT_{air}^2)
\end{equation}

where FIC represents the Fuel Input Curve Coefficients, TBFIC represents the Temperature Based Fuel Input Curve Coefficients, Rload is the Ratio of Load to Combustion Turbine Engine Capacity, and AT\(_{air}\) is the difference between the current ambient and design ambient temperatures.

The following three fields contain the coefficients for the fuel input curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Fuel Input Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-fuel-input-curve}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the Fuel Input Curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Fuel Input Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-fuel-input-curve}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the Fuel Input Curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Fuel Input Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-fuel-input-curve}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the Fuel Input Curve.

The following three fields contain the coefficients for the temperature based fuel input curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Temperature Based Fuel Input Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-temperature-based-fuel-input-curve}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the Temperature Based Fuel Input Curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Temperature Based Fuel Input Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-temperature-based-fuel-input-curve}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the Temperature Based Fuel Input Curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Temperature Based Fuel Input Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-temperature-based-fuel-input-curve}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the Temperature Based Fuel Input Curve.

\paragraph{Exhaust Flow Curve}\label{exhaust-flow-curve}

The Exhaust Flow Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the Ratio of Exhaust Gas Flow Rate to Engine Capacity. The defining equation is:

\emph{\(ExhaustTemperature = ({C_1} + {C_2}RLoad + {C_3}RLoa{d^2}) * (TB{C_1} + TB{C_2}A{T_{air}} + TB{C_3}AT_{air}^2) - 273.15\) ~}

where GTCapacity is the Combustion Turbine Engine Capacity, and AT\(_{air}\) is the difference between the current ambient and design ambient temperatures.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Exhaust Flow Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-exhaust-flow-curve}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the Exhaust Flow Curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Exhaust Flow Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-exhaust-flow-curve}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the Exhaust Flow Curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Exhaust Flow Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-exhaust-flow-curve}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the Exhaust Flow Curve.

\paragraph{Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve}\label{exhaust-gas-temperature-curve}

The Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve is a polynomial equation that determines the Exhaust Gas Temperature. The equation combines both the Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve Coefficients (Based on the Part Load Ratio) and the (Ambient) Temperature Based Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve Coefficients. The defining equation is:

~\(RecoveryLubeEnergy = PLoad * ({C_1} + {C_2}RL + {C_3}R{L^2})\)

where C represents the Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve Coefficients, TBC are the Temperature Based Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve Coefficients, RLoad is the Ratio of Load to Combustion Turbine Engine Capacity, and AT\(_{air}\) is the difference between the actual ambient and design ambient temperatures.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-exhaust-gas-temperature-curve}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-exhaust-gas-temperature-curve}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-exhaust-gas-temperature-curve}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Temperature Based Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-temperature-based-exhaust-gas-temperature-curve}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the Temperature Based Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Temperature Based Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-temperature-based-exhaust-gas-temperature-curve}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the Temperature Based Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Temperature Based Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-temperature-based-exhaust-gas-temperature-curve}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the Temperature Based Exhaust Gas Temperature Curve.

\paragraph{Recovery Lubricant Heat Curve}\label{recovery-lubricant-heat-curve}

The Recovery Lubricant Heat Curve is a quadratic equation that determines the recovery lube energy. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    UAToCapacityRatio = {C_1}GasTurbineEngineCapacit{y^{{C_2}}}
\end{equation}

where Pload is the engine load and RL is the Ratio of Load to Combustion Turbine Engine Capacity

The following three fields contain the coefficients for the quadratic equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Recovery Lube Heat Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-recovery-lube-heat-curve}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the Recovery Lube Heat curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Recovery Lube Heat Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-recovery-lube-heat-curve}

This numeric field contains the second coefficient for the Recovery Lube Heat curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Recovery Lube Heat Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-recovery-lube-heat-curve}

This numeric field contains the third coefficient for the Recovery Lube Heat curve.

\paragraph{U-Factor Times Area Curve Curve}\label{u-factor-times-area-curve-curve}

The U-Factor Times Area Curve (UA) is an equation that determines the overall heat transfer coefficient for the exhaust gasses with the stack. The heat transfer coefficient ultimately helps determine the exhaust stack temperature. The defining equation is:

\begin{equation}
    AvailableCoolingCapacity = NominalCoolingCapacity*CoolCapfT\left( {{T_{cw,l}},{T_{cond}}} \right)
\end{equation}

The following two fields contain the coefficients for the equation.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of U-Factor Times Area Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-u-factor-times-area-curve-1-000}

This numeric field contains the first coefficient for the overall heat transfer coefficient curve.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of U-Factor Times Area Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-u-factor-times-area-curve-1-000}

This numeric field contains the second (exponential) coefficient for the overall heat transfer coefficient curve.

\paragraph{Field: Gas Turbine Engine Capacity}\label{field-gas-turbine-engine-capacity}

This numeric field contains the capacity of the gas turbine engine in watts. This field is autosizable. When autosized the field below called Turbine Engine Efficiency can be used to scale the resulting size.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Exhaust Flow per Unit of Power Output}\label{field-maximum-exhaust-flow-per-unit-of-power-output-1-000}

This numeric field contains the maximum exhaust gas mass flow rate per kilowatt of power out.

\paragraph{Field: Design Steam Saturation Temperature}\label{field-design-steam-saturation-temperature}

This numeric field contains the design steam saturation temperature in Celsius.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Higher Heating Value}\label{field-fuel-higher-heating-value-1-000}

This numeric field contains the higher heating value of the fuel used in kJ/kg.

\paragraph{Field: Design Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-heat-recovery-water-flow-rate-4}

This optional numeric field is the design heat recovery plant fluid flow rate, if the heat recovery option is being simulated. If this value is greater than 0.0, or autosize, then a heat recovery loop must be specified and attached to the chiller using the next two node input fields. The units are in cubic meters per second. This field is autosizable. When autosizing, the flow rate is simply the product of the design condenser flow rate and the Condenser Heat Recovery Relative Capacity Fraction set in the field below.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-inlet-node-name-4}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the heat recovery side inlet.~ If a loop is connected, then the jacket and lubricant heat will be recovered.~ There is no need for an effectiveness term, since the jacket and lubricant recovered heat energies are the actual recovered energies.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name}\label{field-heat-recovery-outlet-node-name-4}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the heat recovery side outlet.

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Flow Mode}\label{field-chiller-flow-mode-6}

This choice field determines how the chiller operates with respect to the intended fluid flow through the device's evaporator.~ There are three different choices for specifying operating modes for the intended flow behavior:~ ``NotModulated,'' ``ConstantFlow,'' and ``LeavingSetpointModulated.''~ NotModulated is useful for either variable or constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller is passive in the sense that although it makes a nominal request for its design flow rate it can operate at varying flow rates.~ ConstantFlow is useful for constant speed pumping arrangements where the chiller's request for flow is stricter and can increase the overall loop flow.~ LeavingSetpointModulated changes the chiller model to internally vary the flow rate so that the temperature leaving the chiller matches a setpoint.~ In all cases the operation of the external plant system can also impact the flow through the chiller -- for example if the relative sizes and operation are such that flow is restricted and the requests cannot be met.~ The default, if not specified, is NotModulated.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Type}\label{field-fuel-type-1-002}

This alpha field determines the type of fuel that the chiller uses. Valid choices are: \textbf{NaturalGas, Propane, Diesel, Gasoline, FuelOilNo1, FuelOilNo2, OtherFuel1} or \textbf{OtherFuel2}. The default is \textbf{NaturalGas}.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Maximum Temperature}\label{field-heat-recovery-maximum-temperature-000}

This field sets the maximum temperature that this piece of equipment can produce for heat recovery.~ The idea behind this field is that the current models do not take temperatures into account for availability and they just pass Q's around the loop without a temperature limit.~ This temperature limit puts an upper bound on the recovered heat and limits the max temperatures leaving the component.

As temperatures in the loop approach the maximum temperature, the temperature difference between the entering water and the surfaces in the piece of equipment becomes smaller.~ For the given heat recovery flow rate and that temperature difference the amount of heat recovered will be reduced, and eventually there will be no heat recovered when the entering water temperature is equal to the maximum temperature specified by the user in this field.~ The reduced amount of heat recovered will diminish if the temperature of the loop approach is the maximum temperature, and this will show up in the reporting.~ This allows the user to set the availability or the quality of the heat recovered for usage in other parts of the system or to heat domestic hot water supply.

The temperature is specified in degrees C.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-7}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Nominal Capacity, Design Chilled Water Flow Rate and Design Condenser Water Flow Rate. Sizing Factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Capacity}\label{field-basin-heater-capacity-4-000}

This numeric field contains the capacity of the chiller's electric basin heater in watts per degree Kelvin. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. This field is used in conjunction with the Basin Heater Setpoint Temperature described in the following field. The basin heater electric power is equal to this field multiplied by the difference between the basin heater set point temperature and the outdoor dry-bulb temperature. The basin heater only operates when the chiller is off, regardless of the basin heater schedule described below. The basin heater capacity must be greater than or equal to zero, with a default value of zero if this field is left blank.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Setpoint Temperature}\label{field-basin-heater-setpoint-temperature-4-000}

This numeric field contains the set point temperature (˚C) for the basin heater described in the previous field. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. The basin heater is active when the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature falls below this setpoint temperature, as long as the chiller is off. This set point temperature must be greater than or equal to 2˚C, and the default value is 2˚C if this field is left blank.

\paragraph{Field: Basin Heater Operating Schedule Name}\label{field-basin-heater-operating-schedule-name-4-000}

This alpha field contains the name of the basin heater operating schedule. This field only applies for Condenser Type = EvaporativelyCooled. The basin heater operating schedule is assumed to be an on/off schedule and the heater is available to operate any time the schedule value is greater than 0. The basin heater operates when scheduled on and the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature is below the set point temperature described in the previous field. If this field is left blank, the basin heater is available to operate throughout the simulation. Regardless of this schedule, the basin heater may only operate when the chiller is off.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Heat Recovery Relative Capacity Fraction}\label{field-heat-recovery-fraction}

This field is optional. It can be used to describe the physical size of the heat recovery portion of a split bundle condenser section. This fraction describes the relative capacity of the heat recovery bundle of a split condenser compared to the nominal, full load heat rejection rate of the chiller. This fraction will be applied to the full heat rejection when operating at nominal capacity and nominal COP to model a capacity limit for the heat rejection. If this field is not entered then the capacity fraction is set to 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Turbine Engine Efficiency}\label{field-engine-efficiency}

This field is optional. It can be used to scale the size of Gas Turbine Engine Capacity. the default is 0.35.

An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
Chiller:CombustionTurbine,
  Big Chiller,                !- Chiller Name
  WaterCooled,                !- Condenser Type
  30000,                      !- Nominal Capacity {W}
  2.75,                       !- COP
  Big Chiller Inlet Node,     !- Chilled Water Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Outlet Node,    !- Chilled Water Outlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Condenser Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,  !- Condenser Outlet Node Name
  .15,                        !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  .65,                        !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  35.0,                       !- Design Condenser Inlet Temperature {C}
  2.778,                      !- Temperature Rise Coefficient
  6.67,                       !- Design Chilled Water Outlet Temperature {C}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.9949,                     !- Coefficient 1 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  -0.045954,                  !- Coefficient 2 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  -0.0013543,                 !- Coefficient 3 of Capacity Ratio Curve
  2.333,                      !- Coefficient 1 of Power Ratio Curve
  -1.975,                     !- Coefficient 2 of Power Ratio Curve
  0.6121,                     !- Coefficient 3 of Power Ratio Curve
  0.03303,                    !- Coefficient 1 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  0.6852,                     !- Coefficient 2 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  0.2818,                     !- Coefficient 3 of Full Load Ratio Curve
  5,                          !- Chilled Water Outlet Temperature Lower Limit {C}
  9.41,                       !- Coefficient 1 of Fuel Input curve
  -9.48,                      !- Coefficient 2 of Fuel Input curve
  4.32,                       !- Coefficient 3 of Fuel Input curve
  1.0044,                     !- Coefficient 1 of Temperature Based Fuel Input curve
  -0.0008,                    !- Coefficient 2 of Temperature Based Fuel Input curve
  0,                          !- Coefficient 3 of Temperature Based Fuel Input curve
  15.63518363,                !- Coefficient 1 of Exhaust Flow curve
  -0.03059999,                !- Coefficient 2 of Exhaust Flow curve
  -0.0002,                    !- Coefficient 3 of Exhaust Flow curve
  916.992,                    !- Coefficient 1 of Exhaust Gas Temperature curve
  307.998,                    !- Coefficient 2 of Exhaust Gas Temperature curve
  79.992,                     !- Coefficient 3 of Exhaust Gas Temperature curve
  1.005,                      !- Coefficient 1 of Temperature Based Exhaust Gas Temperature c
  0.0018,                     !- Coefficient 2 of Temperature Based Exhaust Gas Temperature c
  0,                          !- Coefficient 3 of Temperature Based Exhaust Gas Temperature c
  0.223,                      !- Coefficient 1 of Recovery Lube Heat curve
  -0.4,                       !- Coefficient 2 of Recovery Lube Heat curve
  0.2286,                     !- Coefficient 3 of Recovery Lube Heat curve
  0.01907045,                 !- Coefficient 1 of UA curve
  0.9,                        !- Coefficient 2 of UA curve
  50000,                      !- Gas Turbine Engine Capacity {W}
  0.00000504,                 !- Maximum Exhaust Flow per Unit of Power Output {(kg/s)/W}
  150,                        !- Design Steam Saturation Temperature {C}
  43500,                      !- Fuel Higher Heating Value {kJ/kg}
  0.0,                        !- Design Heat Recovery Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name
  VariableFlow,               !- Chiller Flow Mode
  NaturalGas,                 !- Fuel Type
  80.0;                       !- Heat Recovery Maximum Temperature {C}
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-7-006}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Electricity:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:Electricity {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,EnergyTransfer:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Chillers:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Condenser Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller COP {[}W/W{]}
\end{itemize}

Air-cooled or Evap-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \tightlist
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

Evap-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Basin Heater Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Water-cooled:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Drive Shaft Power {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Drive Shaft Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Lube Recovered Heat Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRecovery:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Exhaust Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heat Recovery Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Mass {[}kg{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller COP {[}W/W{]}
\end{itemize}

These chiller output variables are defined above under ``Generic Chiller Outputs.''~ The Fuel Type input will determine which fuel type is displayed in the output. In this example with the user choice of \textbf{NaturalGas}, you will have \textbf{Gas} Consumption.

\subsection{ChillerHeater:Absorption:DirectFired}\label{chillerheaterabsorptiondirectfired}

This chiller is a direct fired absorption chiller-heater which is modeled using performance curves similar to the equivalent chiller in DOE-2.1E. This type of chiller is unusual for EnergyPlus, because it may be used in the same plant on both a chilled water supply branch and a hot water supply branch. The chiller has six node connections for chilled water, condenser water, and hot water, and can provide simultaneous heating and cooling. During simultaneous operation, the heating capacity is reduced as the cooling load increases (for more details see below). Some equations are provided below to help explain the function of the various performance curves. For a detailed description of the algorithm and how the curves are used in the calculations, please see the Engineering Reference.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-8-016}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-7-014}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Cooling Capacity}\label{field-nominal-cooling-capacity}

This numeric field contains the nominal cooling capability of the chiller in Watts.

\paragraph{Field: Heating to Cooling Capacity Ratio}\label{field-heating-to-cooling-capacity-ratio}

A positive fraction that represents the ratio of the heating capacity divided by the cooling capacity at rated conditions. The default is 0.8.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Input to Cooling Output Ratio}\label{field-fuel-input-to-cooling-output-ratio}

A positive fraction that represents the ratio of the instantaneous cooling fuel used divided by the cooling capacity at rated conditions. The default is 0.97.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Input to Heating Output Ratio}\label{field-fuel-input-to-heating-output-ratio}

A positive fraction that represents the ratio of the instantaneous heating fuel used divided by the nominal heating capacity. The default is 1.25.

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio}\label{field-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio}

A positive fraction that represents the ratio of the instantaneous electricity used divided by the cooling capacity at rated conditions. If the chiller is both heating and cooling only the greater of the computed cooling and heating electricity is used. The default is 0.01.

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Heating Output Ratio}\label{field-electric-input-to-heating-output-ratio}

A positive fraction that represents the ratio of the instantaneous electricity used divided by the nominal heating capacity. If the chiller is both heating and cooling, the greater of the cooling electricity and heating electricity is used. The default is 0.0.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-inlet-node-name-7}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller chilled water side inlet node. This node name must be the same as the inlet node name for the chilled water supply branch on which this chiller is placed.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-node-name-8}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller chilled water side outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Inlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-inlet-node-name-7}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser side inlet node. If the Chiller is AirCooled, the node name specified must also be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnode]{OutdoorAir:Node} object where the height of the node is taken into consideration when calculating outdoor air dry-bulb temperature from the weather data. Alternately, the node name may be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnodelist]{OutdoorAir:NodeList} object where the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature is taken directly from the weather data.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Outlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-outlet-node-name-7}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser side outlet node. It is required for WaterCooled chillers but not for AirCooled.

\paragraph{Field: Hot Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-hot-water-inlet-node-name}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller-heater hot water side inlet node. This node name must be the same as the inlet node name for the hot water supply branch on which this chiller-heater is placed.

\paragraph{Field: Hot Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-hot-water-outlet-node-name}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller-heater hot water side outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-7}

A positive fraction that represents the minimum cooling or heating output possible when operated continually at rated temperature conditions divided by the available cooling or heating capacity at those same conditions. If the load on the chiller is below this fraction, the chiller will cycle. If the chiller is simultaneously heating and cooling, the greater part load ratio will be used. The default is 0.1.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-7}

A positive fraction that represents the maximum cooling or heating output possible when operated continually at rated temperature conditions divided by the available cooling or heating capacity at those same conditions. If greater than 1.0, the chiller is typically thought of as capable of being overloaded. The default is 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-7}

A positive fraction that represents the optimum cooling or heating output possible when operated continually at rated temperature conditions divided by the available cooling or heating capacity at those same conditions. It represents the most desirable operating point for the chiller. The default is 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Design Entering Condenser Water Temperature}\label{field-design-entering-condenser-water-temperature}

The temperature in degrees C of the water entering the condenser of the chiller when operating at design conditions. This is usually based on the temperature delivered by the cooling tower in a water cooled application. The default is 29C.

\paragraph{Field: Design Leaving Chilled Water Temperature}\label{field-design-leaving-chilled-water-temperature}

The temperature in degrees C of the water leaving the evaporator of the chiller when operating at design conditions; also called the chilled water supply temperature or leaving chilled water temperature. The default is 7C.

\paragraph{Field: Design Chilled Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-chilled-water-flow-rate-6}

For variable volume this is the max flow and for constant flow this is the chilled water flow rate in m\(^{3}\)/s.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-condenser-water-flow-rate-5}

The water flow rate at design conditions through the condenser in m\(^{3}\)/s. This field can be autosized. This field can be autosized. This field is not used for Condenser Type = AirCooled.

\paragraph{Field: Design Hot Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-hot-water-flow-rate}

The water flow rate at design conditions through the heater side in m\(^{3}\)/s.

\paragraph{Field: Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-cooling-capacity-function-of-temperature-curve-name-2}

The CoolCapfT curve represents the fraction of the cooling capacity of the chiller as it varies by temperature. The curve is normalized so that at design conditions the value of the curve should be 1.0. The curve is usually a biquadratic or bilinear curve with the input variables being the leaving chilled water temperature and either the entering or leaving condenser water temperature (see \emph{Temperature Curve Input Variable} below). If the chiller is AirCooled, the temperature of the condenser inlet node (outdoor air node) is used for the condenser temperature. The available cooling capacity is computed as follows:

\begin{equation}
    \begin{array}{l}
        \rm{CoolFuelInput} = \\
        \rm{AvailCoolCap} \cdot \rm{RunFrac} \cdot \rm{CFIR} \cdot \rm{CFIRfT}( T_{cw,l}, {T_{\rm{cond}}}) \cdot \rm{CFIRfPLR}( \rm{CPLR} )
    \end{array}
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-fuel-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-temperature-curve-name}

The CFIRfT curve represents the fraction of the fuel input to the chiller at full load as it varies by temperature. The curve is normalized so that at design conditions the value of the curve should be 1.0. The curve is usually a biquadratic or bilinear curve with the input variables being the leaving chilled water temperature and either the entering or leaving condenser water temperature (see \emph{Temperature Curve Input Variable} below). If the chiller is AirCooled, the temperature of the condenser inlet node (outdoor air node) is used for the condenser temperature.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{field-fuel-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve-name}

The CFIRfPLR curve represents the fraction of the fuel input to the chiller as the load the chiller varies but the operating temperatures remain at the design values. The curve is normalized so that at full load the value of the curve should be 1.0. The curve is usually linear or quadratic. The cooling fuel input to the chiller is computed as follows:

\begin{equation}
    \begin{array}{l}
        \rm{CoolElectricPower} = \\
        \rm{NomCoolCap} \cdot \rm{RunFrac} \cdot \rm{CEIR} \cdot \rm{CEIRfT}(T_{cw,l}, T_{cond}) \cdot \rm{CEIRfPLR}(\rm{CPLR})
    \end{array}
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-temperature-curve-name-2}

The ElecCoolFT curve represents the fraction of the electricity to the chiller at full load as it varies by temperature. The curve is normalized so that at design conditions the of the curve should be 1.0. The curve is usually a biquadratic or bilinear~ curve with the input variables being the leaving chilled water temperature and either~ the entering or leaving condenser water temperature (see \emph{Temperature Curve Input Variable} below). If the chiller is AirCooled, the temperature of the condenser inlet node (outdoor air node) is used for the condenser temperature.

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{field-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve-name-2}

The ElecCoolFPLR curve represents the fraction of the electricity to the chiller as the load on the chiller varies but This operating temperatures remain at the design values.~ The curve is normalized so that at full load the value of the curve should be 1.0.~ The curve is usually linear or quadratic. The cooling electric input to the chiller is computed as follows:

\begin{equation}
    AvailHeatCap = NomCoolCap \cdot HeatCoolCapRatio \cdot HeatCapfCPLR(CPLRh)
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Heating Capacity Function of Cooling Capacity Curve Name}\label{field-heating-capacity-function-of-cooling-capacity-curve-name}

The HeatCapFCool curve represents how the heating capacity of the chiller varies with cooling capacity when the chiller is simultaneous heating and cooling. The curve is normalized so an input of 1.0 represents the nominal cooling capacity and an output of 1.0 represents the full heating capacity (see the Heating to Cooling Capacity Ratio input)~ The curve is usually linear or quadratic. The available heating capacity is computed as follows:

\begin{equation}
    HeatFuelInput = AvailHeatCap \cdot HFIR \cdot HFIRfHPLR(HPLR)
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Input to Heat Output Ratio During Heating Only Operation Curve Name}\label{field-fuel-input-to-heat-output-ratio-during-heating-only-operation-curve-name}

When the chiller is operating as only a heater, the~ curve is used to represent the fraction of fuel used as the heating load varies. It is normalized so that a value of 1.0 is the full available heating capacity. The curve is usually linear or quadratic and will probably be similar to a boiler curve for most chillers.

\begin{equation}
    AvailCoolCap = NomCoolCap \cdot CoolCapfT({T_{cw,l}},{T_{cond}})
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Temperature Curve Input Variable}\label{field-temperature-curve-input-variable}

This field sets the second independent variable in the three temperature dependent performance curves~ to either the leaving or entering condenser water temperature. Manufacturers express the performance of their chillers using either the leaving condenser water temperature (to~ the tower) or the entering condenser water temperature (from the tower). Valid choices for this field are: LeavingCondenser or EnteringCondenser. It is important that the performance curves and this field are consistent with each other. The default is EnteringCondenser.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Type}\label{field-condenser-type-5-000}

The condenser can either be air cooled or connected to a cooling tower. This alpha field contains the keyword for the type of condenser, either AirCooled, or WaterCooled. The default is WaterCooled.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Temperature Lower Limit}\label{field-chilled-water-temperature-lower-limit}

The chilled water supply temperature in degrees C below which the chiller will shut off. The default is 2C.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Higher Heating Value}\label{field-fuel-higher-heating-value-2-000}

The fuel higher heating value in kJ/kg. \emph{This field is not currently used}.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Type}\label{field-fuel-type-2-000}

This alpha field determines the type of fuel that the chiller uses. The default is \textbf{NaturalGas}. Valid values are \textbf{NaturalGas}, \textbf{Propane}, \textbf{Diesel}, \textbf{Gasoline}, \textbf{FuelOilNo1}, \textbf{FuelOilNo2, OtherFuel1, OtherFuel2}.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-8}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Nominal Cooling Capacity, Design Chilled Water Flow Rate, Design Condenser Water Flow Rate and Design Hot Water Flow Rate. Sizing Factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
ChillerHeater:Absorption:DirectFired,
  Big Chiller,                !- Chiller Name
  100000,                     !- Nominal Cooling Capacity {W}
  0.8,                        !- Heating to Cooling capacity ratio
  0.97,                       !- Fuel Input to Cooling Output Ratio
  1.25,                       !- Fuel Input to Heating Output Ratio
  0.01,                       !- Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio
  0.005,                      !- Electric Input to Heating Output Ratio
  Big Chiller Inlet Node,     !- Chilled Water Side Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Outlet Node,    !- Chilled Water Side Outlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Condenser Side Inlet Node Name
  Big Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,  !- Condenser Side Outlet Node Name
  Purchased Heat Inlet Node,  !- Hot Water Side Inlet Node Name
  Purchased Heat Outlet Node, !- Hot Water Side Outlet Node Name
  0.000001,                   !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  0.6,                        !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  29,                         !- Design Entering Condenser Water Temperature {C}
  7,                          !- Design Leaving Chilled Water Temperature {C}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.0043,                     !- Design Hot Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  GasAbsFlatBiQuad,           !- Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name
  GasAbsFlatBiQuad,           !- Fuel Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name
  GasAbsLinearQuad,           !- Fuel Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name
  GasAbsFlatBiQuad,           !- Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name
  GasAbsFlatQuad,             !- Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name
  GasAbsInvLinearQuad,        !- Heating Capacity Function of Cooling Capacity Curve Name
  GasAbsLinearQuad,           !- Fuel Input to Heat Output Ratio During Heating Only Operation Curve Name
  EnteringCondenser,          !- Temperature Curve Input Variable
  WaterCooled,                !- Condenser Type
  2,                          !- Chilled Water Temperature Lower Limit {C}
  0,                          !- Fuel Higher Heating Value {kJ/kg}
  NaturalGas,                 !- Fuel Type
  1.0;                        !- Sizing Factor
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-8-005}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Electricity:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:Electricity {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Consumption Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Consumption {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,\textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling:\textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Evaporator Cooling Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,EnergyTransfer:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Chillers:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Evaporator Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Evaporator Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Evaporator Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

The following output is applicable only for air-cooled chillers

\begin{itemize}
    \tightlist
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

The following three outputs are only available for water-cooled chillers

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

Outputs specific to Direct Fired Absorption Chiller

\begin{itemize}
    \tightlist
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Runtime Fraction {[]}
\end{itemize}

Outputs specific to Direct Fired Absorption Chiller during cooling operation

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Cooling \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Cooling \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Consumption {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Cooling Part Load Ratio
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Cooling COP {[}W/W{]}
\end{itemize}

Outputs specific to Direct Fired Absorption Chiller during heating operation

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Heating Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Heating \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Part Load Ratio {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

The ``Chiller'' output variables are defined above under ``Generic Chiller Outputs.''~ The specific ``Direct Fired Absorption Chiller'' output variables and exceptions to the generic outputs are defined below.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-electric-power-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-electric-energy-j}

These outputs are the electric power input to the chiller when operating in cooling mode, heating mode, or both. This value is not metered, but the separate cooling and heating electric consumption are metered (see below).

\paragraph{Chiller Heater \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-fuel-type-rate-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-fuel-type-energy-j}

These outputs are the fuel input to the chiller when operating in cooling mode, heating mode, or both depending on the fuel type entered. This value is not metered, but the separate cooling and heating fuel consumption are metered (see below).

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Runtime Fraction {[]}}\label{chiller-heater-runtime-fraction}

This is the average fraction of the time period during which the direct fired absorption chiller-heater was operating in either cooling mode, heating mode, or both.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-fuel-type-rate-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-fuel-type-energy-j}

These outputs are the fuel input to the direct fired absorption chiller to serve cooling operation. Consumption is metered on Cooling:\textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}, \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}:Plant, and \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-electric-power-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-electric-energy-j}

These outputs are the electricity input to the direct fired absorption chiller to serve cooling operation. Consumption is metered on Cooling:Electricity, Electricity:Plant, and Electricity:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-rate-w}

This is the average available cooling capacity for the reported time period.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling Part Load Ratio}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-part-load-ratio}

This is the average cooling load (Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}) divided by the average available cooling capacity (Chiller Heater Cooling Rate {[}W{]}) for the reported time period.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling COP}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-cop}

This is the average coefficient of performance for the chiller in cooling operation, calculated as the average cooling load (Chiller Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}) divided by the average fuel consumption during cooling (Direct Fired Absorption Chiller Cooling \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Consumption Rate {[}W{]}) for the reported time period. If the chiller cooling fuel consumption rate (denominator) is zero, then this output variable is set to zero.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-rate-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-energy-j}

These outputs are the heating delivered by the direct fired absorption chiller-heater to serve heating operation. Energy is metered on Boilers:EnergyTransfer, EnergyTransfer:Plant, and EnergyTransfer:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-fuel-type-rate-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-fuel-type-energy-j}

These outputs are the fuel input to the direct fired absorption chiller-heater to serve heating operation. Consumption is metered on Heating:\textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}, \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}:Plant, and \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-electric-power-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Heating Heating Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heating-heating-electric-energy-j}

These outputs are the electric power input to the direct fired absorption chiller to serve heating operation. Consumption is metered on Heating:Electricity, Electricity:Plant, and Electricity:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-rate-w-1}

This is the average available heating capacity for the reported time period.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Part Load Ratio}\label{chiller-heater-heating-part-load-ratio}

This is the average heating load (Chiller Heater Heating Rate {[}W{]}) divided by the average available heating capacity (Chiller Heater Heating Rate {[}W{]}) for the reported time period.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-inlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-outlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

These outputs are the hot water inlet and outlet temperatures and flow rate for the direct fired absorption chiller-heater during heating mode operation.

\subsection{ChillerHeater:Absorption:DoubleEffect}\label{chillerheaterabsorptiondoubleeffect}

This chiller is an exhaust fired absorption chiller-heater which is modeled using performance curves similar to the direct fired absorption chiller in DOE-2.1E. The model uses the exhaust gas output from MicroTurbine. This type of chiller is unusual for EnergyPlus, because it may be used in the same plant on both a chilled water supply branch and a hot water supply branch. The chiller has six node connections for chilled water, condenser water, and hot water, and can provide simultaneous heating and cooling. During simultaneous operation, the heating capacity is reduced as the cooling load increases (for more details see below). Some equations are provided below to help explain the function of the various performance curves. For a detailed description of the algorithm and how the curves are used in the calculations, please see the Engineering Reference.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-9-014}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-8-014}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Cooling Capacity}\label{field-nominal-cooling-capacity-1}

This numeric field contains the nominal cooling capability of the chiller in Watts. Autosize can be used for this field.

\paragraph{Field: Heating to Cooling Capacity Ratio}\label{field-heating-to-cooling-capacity-ratio-1}

A positive fraction that represents the ratio of the heating capacity divided by the cooling capacity at rated conditions. The default is 0.8.

\paragraph{Field: Thermal Energy Input to Cooling Output Ratio}\label{field-thermal-energy-input-to-cooling-output-ratio}

A positive fraction that represents the ratio of the instantaneous cooling Thermal Energy used divided by the cooling capacity at rated conditions. The default is 0.97.

\paragraph{Field: Thermal Energy Input to Heating Output Ratio}\label{field-thermal-energy-input-to-heating-output-ratio}

A positive fraction that represents the ratio of the instantaneous heating Thermal Energy used divided by the nominal heating capacity. The default is 1.25.

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio}\label{field-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-1}

A positive fraction that represents the ratio of the instantaneous electricity used divided by the cooling capacity at rated conditions. If the chiller is both heating and cooling only the greater of the computed cooling and heating electricity is used. The default is 0.01.

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Heating Output Ratio}\label{field-electric-input-to-heating-output-ratio-1}

A positive fraction that represents the ratio of the instantaneous electricity used divided by the nominal heating capacity. If the chiller is both heating and cooling, the greater of the cooling electricity and heating electricity is used. The default is 0.0.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-inlet-node-name-8}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller chilled water side inlet node. This node name must be the same as the inlet node name for the chilled water supply branch on which this chiller is placed.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-node-name-9}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller chilled water side outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Inlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-inlet-node-name-8}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser side inlet node. If the Chiller is AirCooled, the node name specified must also be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnode]{OutdoorAir:Node} object where the height of the node is taken into consideration when calculating outdoor air dry-bulb temperature from the weather data. Alternately, the node name may be specified in an \hyperref[outdoorairnodelist]{OutdoorAir:NodeList} object where the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature is taken directly from the weather data.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Outlet Node Name}\label{field-condenser-outlet-node-name-8}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller condenser side outlet node. It is required for WaterCooled chillers but not for AirCooled.

\paragraph{Field: Hot Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-hot-water-inlet-node-name-1}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller-heater hot water side inlet node. This node name must be the same as the inlet node name for the hot water supply branch on which this chiller-heater is placed.

\paragraph{Field: Hot Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-hot-water-outlet-node-name-1}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the chiller-heater hot water side outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-8}

A positive fraction that represents the minimum cooling or heating output possible when operated continually at rated temperature conditions divided by the available cooling or heating capacity at those same conditions. If the load on the chiller is below this fraction, the chiller will cycle. If the chiller is simultaneously heating and cooling, the greater part load ratio will be used. The default is 0.1.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-8}

A positive fraction that represents the maximum cooling or heating output possible when operated continually at rated temperature conditions divided by the available cooling or heating capacity at those same conditions. If greater than 1.0, the chiller is typically thought of as capable of being overloaded. The default is 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-8}

A positive fraction that represents the optimum cooling or heating output possible when operated continually at rated temperature conditions divided by the available cooling or heating capacity at those same conditions. It represents the most desirable operating point for the chiller. The default is 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Design Entering Condenser Water Temperature}\label{field-design-entering-condenser-water-temperature-1}

The temperature in degrees C of the water entering the condenser of the chiller when operating at design conditions. This is usually based on the temperature delivered by the cooling tower in a water cooled application. The default is 29$^\circ$C.

\paragraph{Field: Design Leaving Chilled Water Temperature}\label{field-design-leaving-chilled-water-temperature-1}

The temperature in degrees C of the water leaving the evaporator of the chiller when operating at design conditions; also called the chilled water supply temperature or leaving chilled water temperature. The default is 7$^\circ$C.

\paragraph{Field: Design Chilled Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-chilled-water-flow-rate-7}

For variable volume this is the max flow and for constant flow this is the chilled water flow rate in m\(^{3}\)/s. This field can be autosized.

\paragraph{Field: Design Condenser Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-condenser-water-flow-rate-6}

The water flow rate at design conditions through the condenser in m\(^{3}\)/s. This field can be autosized. This field is not used for Condenser Type = AirCooled.

\paragraph{Field: Design Hot Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-hot-water-flow-rate-1}

The water flow rate at design conditions through the heater side in m\(^{3}\)/s. This field can be autosized.

\paragraph{Field: Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-cooling-capacity-function-of-temperature-curve-name-3}

The CoolCapfT curve represents the fraction of the cooling capacity of the chiller as it varies with temperature. The curve is normalized so that at design conditions the value of the curve should be 1.0. The curve is usually a biquadratic or bilinear curve with the input variables being the leaving chilled water temperature and the entering condenser water temperature (see \emph{Temperature Curve Input Variable} below). If the chiller is AirCooled, the temperature of the condenser inlet node (outdoor air node) is used for the condenser temperature. The available cooling capacity is computed as follows:

\begin{equation}
    \begin{array}{l}
        \rm{CoolThermalEnergyInput} = \rm{AvailCoolCap} \cdot \rm{RunFrac} \cdot \rm{TeFIR} \cdot \\
        \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \rm{TeFIRfT} \left( T_{cw,l}, T_{cond} \right) \cdot \rm{TeFIRfPLR}( \rm{CPLR} )
    \end{array}
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Thermal Energy Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-thermal-energy-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-temperature-curve-name}

The TeFIRfT curve represents the fraction of the Thermal Energy Input to the chiller at full load as it varies with temperature. The curve is normalized so that at design conditions the value of the curve should be 1.0. The curve is usually a biquadratic or bilinear curve with the input variables being the leaving chilled water temperature and the entering condenser water temperature (see \emph{Temperature Curve Input Variable} below). If the chiller is AirCooled, the temperature of the condenser inlet node (outdoor air node) is used for the condenser temperature.

\paragraph{Field: Thermal Energy Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{field-thermal-energy-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve-name}

The TeFIRfPLR curve represents the fraction of the Thermal Energy Input to the chiller as the load on the chiller varies but the operating temperatures remain at the design values. The curve is normalized so that at full load the value of the curve should be 1.0. The curve is usually linear or quadratic.

The cooling Thermal Energy Input to the chiller is computed as follows:

\begin{equation}
    CoolElectricPower = NomCoolCap \cdot RunFrac \cdot CEIR \cdot CEIRfT\left( {{T_{cw,l}},{T_{cond}}} \right) \cdot CEIRfPLR(CPLR)
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-temperature-curve-name-3}

The CEIRfT curve represents the fraction of the electricity to the chiller at full load as it varies with temperature. The curve is normalized so that at design conditions the of the curve should be 1.0. The curve is usually a biquadratic or bilinear~ curve with the input variables being the leaving chilled water temperature and either~ the entering or leaving condenser water temperature (see \emph{Temperature Curve Input Variable} below). If the chiller is AirCooled, the temperature of the condenser inlet node (outdoor air node) is used for the condenser temperature.

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{field-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve-name-3}

The CEIRfPLR curve represents the fraction of the electricity to the chiller as the load on the chiller varies but This operating temperatures remain at the design values.~ The curve is normalized so that at full load the value of the curve should be 1.0.~ The curve is usually linear or quadratic.

The cooling electric input to the chiller is computed as follows:

\begin{equation}
    AvailHeatCap = NomCoolCap \cdot HeatCoolCapRatio \cdot HeatCapfCPLR(CPLRh)
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Heating Capacity Function of Cooling Capacity Curve Name}\label{field-heating-capacity-function-of-cooling-capacity-curve-name-1}

The HeatCapFCPLR curve represents how the heating capacity of the chiller varies with cooling capacity when the chiller is simultaneously heating and cooling. The curve is normalized so an input of 1.0 represents the nominal cooling capacity and an output of 1.0 represents the full heating capacity (see the Heating to Cooling Capacity Ratio input)~ The curve is usually linear or quadratic.

The available heating capacity is computed as follows:

\begin{equation}
    HeatThermalEnergyInput = AvailHeatCap \cdot HFIR \cdot HFIRfHPLR(HPLR)
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Thermal Energy Input to Heat Output Ratio During Heating Only Operation Curve Name}\label{field-thermal-energy-input-to-heat-output-ratio-during-heating-only-operation-curve-name}

When the chiller is operating as only a heater, the~ curve is used to represent the fraction of Thermal Energy used as the heating load varies. It is normalized so that a value of 1.0 is the full available heating capacity. The curve is usually linear or quadratic and will probably be similar to a boiler curve for most chillers.

The heating Thermal Energy Input to the chiller is computed as follows:

\begin{equation}
    TheoreticalFuelUse = \frac{{BoilerLoad}}{{NominalThermalEfficiency}}
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Temperature Curve Input Variable}\label{field-temperature-curve-input-variable-1}

This field sets the second independent variable in the three temperature dependent performance curves~ to the entering condenser water temperature. Manufacturers express the performance of their chillers typically using the entering condenser water temperature (from the tower). ). This alpha field contains the keyword for the type of temperature input variable, , either \textbf{EnteringCondenserTemperature}, or \textbf{LeavingCondenserTemperature}. The default is EnteringCondenserTemperature.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Type}\label{field-condenser-type-6}

The condenser can either be air cooled or water cooled (connected to a cooling tower). This alpha field contains the keyword for the type of condenser, either AirCooled, or WaterCooled. The default is WaterCooled.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Temperature Lower Limit}\label{field-chilled-water-temperature-lower-limit-1}

The chilled water supply temperature in degrees C below which the chiller will shut off. The default is 2$^\circ$C.

\paragraph{Field: Exhaust Source}\label{field-exhaust-source}

This alpha field determines the type of exhaust source the chiller uses. The default is MicroTurbine. Key \hyperref[generatormicroturbine]{Generator:MicroTurbine}

\paragraph{Field: Exhaust Source Object}\label{field-exhaust-source-object}

This alpha field shows the name of the Exhaust source object -- a \hyperref[generatormicroturbine]{Generator:MicroTurbine} in this case

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-9}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. Min value should not be less than 0 and here is no max. The default is 1.~ The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Nominal Cooling Capacity, Design Chilled Water Flow Rate, Design Condenser Water Flow Rate and Design Hot Water Flow Rate. Sizing Factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
ChillerHeater:Absorption:DoubleEffect,
  Exh Chiller,                !- Chiller Name
  100000,                     !- Nominal Cooling Capacity {W}
  0.8,                        !- Heating to Cooling capacity ratio
  0.97,                       !- Thermal Energy Input to Cooling Output Ratio
  1.25,                       !- Thermal Energy Input to Heating Output Ratio
  0.01,                       !- Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio
  0.005,                      !- Electric Input to Heating Output Ratio
  Exh Chiller Inlet Node,     !- Chilled Water Side Inlet Node Name
  Exh Chiller Outlet Node,    !- Chilled Water Side Outlet Node Name
  Exh Chiller Condenser Inlet Node,  !- Condenser Side Inlet Node Name
  Exh Chiller Condenser Outlet Node,  !- Condenser Side Outlet Node Name
  Exh Chiller Heating Inlet Node,  !- Hot Water Side Inlet Node Name
  Exh Chiller Heating Outlet Node,  !- Hot Water Side Outlet Node Name
  0.000001,                   !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  0.6,                        !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  29,                         !- Design Entering Condenser Water Temperature {C}
  7,                          !- Design Leaving Chilled Water Temperature {C}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.0011,                     !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.0043,                     !- Design Hot Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  ExhAbsorb_CapFt,            !- Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name
  ExhAbsorb_EIRFt,            !- Thermal Energy Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name
  ExhAbsorb_PLR,              !- Thermal Energy Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name
  ExhAbsFlatBiQuad,           !- Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name
  ExhAbsFlatQuad,             !- Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name
  ExhAbsInvLinearQuad,        !- Heating Capacity Function of Cooling Capacity Curve Name
  ExhAbsLinearQuad,           !- Thermal Energy Input to Heat Output Ratio During Heating Only Operation Curve Name
  EnteringCondenser,          !- Temperature Curve Input Variable
  WaterCooled,                !- Condenser Type
  2,                          !- Chilled Water Temperature Lower Limit {C}
  Generator:MicroTurbine,     !- Field Exhaust Source Object Type
  Capston500,                 !- Field Exhaust Source name
  1.0;                        !- Sizing Factor
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-9-005}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Evaporator Cooling Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Evaporator Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Evaporator Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Evaporator Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

The following output is applicable only for air-cooled chillers

\begin{itemize}
    \tightlist
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

The following three outputs are only available for water-cooled chillers

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

Outputs specific to Exhaust Fired Absorption Chiller

\begin{itemize}
    \tightlist
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Runtime Fraction {[]}
\end{itemize}

Outputs specific to Exhaust Fired Absorption Chiller during cooling operation

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Cooling Part Load Ratio
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Maximum Cooling Rate {[}W{]}HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Cooling Source Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average, Chiller Heater Cooling Source Heat COP {[}W/W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average, Chiller Heater Source Exhaust Inlet Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average, Chiller Heater Source Exhaust Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
\end{itemize}

Outputs specific to Exhaust Fired Absorption Chiller during heating operation

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Heating Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Heating:Electricity {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Part Load Ratio
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Maximum Heating Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Source Heat Transfer Rate
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

The ``Chiller'' output variables are defined above under ``Generic Chiller Outputs.''~ The specific ``Exhaust Fired Absorption Chiller'' output variables and exceptions to the generic outputs are defined below.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-electric-power-w-1}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-electric-energy-j-1}

These outputs are the electric power input to the chiller when operating in cooling mode, heating mode, or both. This value is not metered, but the separate cooling and heating electric consumption are metered (see below).

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Runtime Fraction {[]}}\label{chiller-heater-runtime-fraction-1}

This is the average fraction of the time period during which the Exhaust Fired absorption chiller-heater was operating in either cooling mode, heating mode, or both.

These outputs are the electricity input to the Exhaust Fired absorption chiller heater to serve cooling operation. Consumption is metered on Cooling:Electricity, Electricity:Plant, and Electricity:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Maximum Cooling Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-maximum-cooling-rate-w}

This is the average available cooling capacity for the reported time period.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling Part Load Ratio {[]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-part-load-ratio-1}

This is the average cooling load (Chiller Heater Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}) divided by the average available cooling capacity (Chiller Heater Maximum Cooling Rate {[}W{]}) for the reported time period.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling Source Heat COP {[}W/W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-source-heat-cop-ww}

This is the average coefficient of performance for the chiller in cooling operation, calculated as the average cooling load (Chiller Heater Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}) divided by the average thermal energy use during cooling (Chiller Heater Cooling Source Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}) for the reported time period. If the chiller cooling thermal energy use rate (denominator) is zero, then this output variable is set to zero.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-rate-w-2}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-energy-j-1}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-electric-power-w-1}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-electric-energy-j}

These outputs are the electric power input to the Exhaust Fired absorption chiller to serve heating operation. Consumption is metered on Heating:Electricity, Electricity:Plant, and Electricity:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Maximum Heating Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-maximum-heating-rate-w}

This is the average available heating capacity for the reported time period.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Part Load Ratio {[]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-part-load-ratio-1}

This is the average heating load (Chiller Heater Heating Rate {[}W{]}) divided by the average available heating capacity (Chiller Heater Maximum Heating Rate {[}W{]}) for the reported time period.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-inlet-temperature-c-1}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-outlet-temperature-c-1}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-mass-flow-rate-kgs-1}

These outputs are the hot water inlet and outlet temperatures and flow rate for the Exhaust Fired absorption chiller-heater during heating mode operation.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Heat Recovery Potential Rate (W)}\label{chiller-heater-heating-heat-recovery-potential-rate-w}

The heat recovery potential calculated based on Microturbine exhaust temperature and flow rate during heating mode

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Heating Source Heat Transfer Rate (W)}\label{chiller-heater-heating-source-heat-transfer-rate-w}

The thermal energy consumption rate required~ for heating.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling Heat Recovery Potential Rate (W)}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-heat-recovery-potential-rate-w}

The heat recovery potential calculated based on Microturbine exhaust temperature and flow rate during cooling mode.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling Source Heat Transfer Rate (W)}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-source-heat-transfer-rate-w}

The thermal energy consumption rate required for cooling.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Condenser Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-condenser-inlet-temperature-c}

The condenser (heat rejection) inlet temperature for air-cooled or water chiller heater. For an air-cooled chiller heater, this output would be the dry-bulb temperature of the air entering the condenser coil. For a water cooled chiller heater, this output would be the wet-bulb temperature of the air entering the condenser coil.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-condenser-heat-transfer-energy-j}

The condenser heat transfer energy is the heat rejected from the chiller heater to either a condenser water loop or through an air-cooled condenser. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are summed across the reporting period. Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Energy is metered on HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer, EnergyTransfer:Plant, and EnergyTransfer:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-condenser-heat-transfer-rate-w}

The condenser heat transfer is the rate of heat rejected from the chiller heater to either a condenser water loop or through an air-cooled condenser. This value is calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Condenser Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-heater-condenser-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

This is the condenser coil outlet water mass flow rate in kilograms per second. This value is calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Condenser Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-condenser-outlet-temperature-c}

This is the condenser coil outlet water temperature in degrees C. This value is calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Evaporator Cooling Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-evaporator-cooling-energy-j}

The evaporator heat transfer is the cooling delivered by the chiller heater. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are summed across the reporting period. Chiller Heater Evaporator Cooling Energy is metered on Chillers:EnergyTransfer, EnergyTransfer:Plant, and EnergyTransfer:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Evaporator Cooling Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-evaporator-cooling-rate-w}

The evaporator heat transfer rate of cooling delivered by the chiller heater. This value is calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Evaporator Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-evaporator-inlet-temperature-c}

The evaporator (chilled water) inlet temperature over the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Evaporator Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-heater-evaporator-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

The evaporator (chilled water) average mass flow rate over the time step being reported

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Evaporator Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-evaporator-outlet-temperature-c}

The evaporator (chilled water) outlet temperature over the time step being reported

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-electric-energy-j-1}

The electric power input to the exhaust fired absorption chiller to serve cooling operation. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are summed across the reporting period. Consumption is metered on Heating:Electricity, Electricity:Plant, and Electricity:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-electric-power-w-1}

The electric power input to the Exhaust Fired absorption chiller to serve cooling operation. This value is calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Source Exhaust Inlet Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-heater-source-exhaust-inlet-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

The exhaust flow rate from the Micro Turbine

\paragraph{Chiller Heater Source Exhaust Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-source-exhaust-inlet-temperature-c}

The exhaust temperature from~ the Micro Turbine

\subsection{Boiler:HotWater}\label{boilerhotwater}

The boiler model calculates the performance of fuel oil, gas and electric boilers. Boiler performance is based on nominal thermal efficiency. A normalized efficiency performance curve may be used to more accurately represent the performance of non-electric boilers but is not considered a required input. When using the normalized efficiency performance curve, if all coefficients are not required simply set the unused coefficients to 0. For example, an electric boiler could be modeled by setting the nominal thermal efficiency to a value in the range of 0.96 to 1.0. Coefficient A0 in the normalized efficiency performance curve would equal 1 and all other coefficients would be set to 0. Coefficients for other types of non-electric boilers would set a combination of the available coefficients to non-zero values.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-10-013}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-9-012}

This required alpha field contains the identifying name for the boiler.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Type}\label{field-fuel-type-3-000}

This required choice field specifies the type of fuel used by the boiler. The fuel type can be \textbf{Electricity, NaturalGas, Propane, FuelOilNo1, FuelOilNo2, Coal, Diesel, Gasoline, OtherFuel1} or \textbf{OtherFuel2}.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-6}

This numeric field contains the nominal operating capacity (W) of the boiler. The boiler may be autosized and would require a heating plant sizing object.

\paragraph{Fuel Use Equation}\label{fuel-use-equation}

The model is based the following two equations:

\begin{equation}
    FuelUsed = \frac{{TheoreticalFuelUse}}{{NormalizedBoilerEfficiencyCurveOutput}}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
    Linear \to Eff = {A_0} + {A_1}\cdot PLR
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Thermal Efficiency}\label{field-nominal-thermal-efficiency}

This required numeric field contains the heating efficiency (as a fraction) of the boiler's burner.~ This is the efficiency relative to the higher heating value (HHV) of fuel at a part load ratio of 1.0. Manufacturers typically specify the efficiency of a boiler using the higher heating value of the fuel. For the rare occurrences when a manufacturers (or particular data set) thermal efficiency is based on the lower heating value (LHV) of the fuel, multiply the thermal efficiency by the lower-to-higher heating value ratio. For example, assume a fuel's lower and higher heating values are approximately 45,450 and 50,000 kJ/kg, respectively. For a manufacturers thermal efficiency rating of 0.90 (based on the LHV), the nominal thermal efficiency entered here is 0.82 (i.e.~0.9 multiplied by 45,450/50,000). Note that a nominal efficiency greater than 1.0 is allowed for special applications, but will generate a warning.

\paragraph{Field: Efficiency Curve Temperature Evaluation Variable}\label{field-efficiency-curve-temperature-evaluation-variable}

This field is used to control which value for hot water temperature is used when evaluating the efficiency curve specified in the next field (if applicable).~ There are two options,~ EnteringBoiler or LeavingBoiler.~ EnteringBoiler indicates that the efficiency curves will be evaluated using the temperature at boiler inlet node.~ LeavingBoiler indicates that the efficiency curves will be evaluated using the temperature at the boiler outlet.~ This field is only used if type of curve is one that uses temperature as a independent variable.

\paragraph{Field: Normalized Boiler Efficiency Curve Name}\label{field-normalized-boiler-efficiency-curve-name}

This alpha field contains the curve name which describes the normalized heating efficiency (as a fraction of nominal thermal efficiency) of the boiler's burner. If this field is left blank, the nominal thermal efficiency is assumed to be constant (i.e., Fuel Used is equal to the Theoretical Fuel Use in the equation above). When a boiler efficiency curve is used, the curve may be any valid curve object with 1 (PLR) or 2 (PLR and boiler outlet water temperature) independent variables. A tri-quadratic curve object is not allowed since it uses 3 independent variables. The linear, quadratic, and cubic curve types may be used when the boiler efficiency is solely a function of boiler part-load ratio (PLR). When this type of curve is used, the boiler should operate at (or very near) the design boiler water outlet temperature. Other curve types may be used when the boiler efficiency is a function of both PLR and boiler water temperature. Examples of valid single and dual independent variable equations are shown below. For all curve types PLR is always the x independent variable. When using 2 independent variables, the boiler outlet water temperature (Toutlet) is always the y independent variable.

\begin{equation}
    Quadratic \to Eff = {A_0} + {A_1}\cdot PLR + {A_2}\cdot PL{R^2}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
    Cubic \to Eff = {A_0} + {A_1}\cdot PLR + {A_2}\cdot PL{R^2} + {A_3}\cdot PL{R^3}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
    Cubic \to Eff = {A_0} + {A_1}\cdot PLR + {A_2}\cdot PL{R^2} + {A_3}\cdot PL{R^3}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
    BiQuadratic \to Eff = {A_0} + {A_1}\cdot PLR + {A_2}\cdot PL{R^2} + {A_3}\cdot {T_w} + {A_4}\cdot {T_w}^2 + {A_5}\cdot PLR\cdot {T_w}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
    QuadraticLinear \to Eff = {A_0} + {A_1}\cdot PLR + {A_2}\cdot PL{R^2} + {A_3}\cdot {T_w} + {A_4}\cdot PLR\cdot {T_w} + {A_5}\cdot PL{R^2}\cdot {T_w}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
    \begin{array}{l}
        \rm{Bicubic} \to \rm{Eff} = A_0 + A_1 \cdot \rm{PLR} + A_2 \cdot \rm{PLR}^2 + A_3 \cdot T_w + A_4 T_w^2 + A_5 \rm{PLR} \cdot T_w + A_6 \rm{PLR}^3 \\
        \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad  + A_7 \cdot T_w^3 + A_8 \cdot \rm{PLR}^2 \cdot T_w + A_9 \cdot \rm{PLR} \cdot T_w^2
    \end{array}
\end{equation}

where

Eff = normalized boiler efficiency

PLR = boiler part-load ratio

T\(_{w}\) = boiler water temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}, this can be either entering or leaving temperature depending on the setting in the previous field

\paragraph{Field: Design Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-water-flow-rate-001}

This numeric field contains the maximum design water volumetric flow rate in m\(^{3}\)/sec.~This should be the largest flow rate than can be heated. This field is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-9}

This numeric field contains the minimum part load ratio. If the ratio of demand to boiler nominal capacity is less than the minimum part load ratio, then the Min PLR will determine the operating PLR. The expected range is between 0 and 1. If this field is left blank, the default value is 0.0.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-9}

This numeric field contains the maximum part load ratio. If the ratio of demand to boiler nominal capacity is greater than the maximum part load ratio, then the Max PLR will determine the operating PLR. This value may exceed 1, but the normal range is between 0 and 1.1. If this field is left blank, the default value is 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-9}

This numeric field contains the optimum part load ratio. This is the part load ratio at which the boiler performs at its maximum efficiency. If this field is left blank, the default value is 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Boiler Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-boiler-water-inlet-node-name}

This required alpha field contains the water inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Boiler Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-boiler-water-outlet-node-name}

This required alpha field contains the water outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Water Outlet Upper Temperature Limit}\label{field-water-outlet-upper-temperature-limit-000}

This numeric field contains the outlet temperature upper limit. If this field is left blank, the default value is 99.9ºC.

\paragraph{Field: Boiler Flow Mode}\label{field-boiler-flow-mode}

This choice field determines how the boiler operates with respect to the intended fluid flow through the device.~ There are three different choices for specifying operating modes for the intended flow behavior:~ ``NotModulated,'' ``ConstantFlow,'' and ``LeavingSetpointModulated.''~ NotModulated is useful for either variable or constant speed pumping arrangements where the boiler is passive in the sense that although it makes a nominal request for its design flow rate it can operate at varying flow rates.~ ConstantFlow is useful for constant speed pumping arrangements where the boiler's request for flow is more strict and can increase the overall loop flow.~ LeavingSetpointModulated changes the boiler model to internally vary the flow rate so that the temperature leaving the boiler matches a setpoint.~ In all cases the operation of the external plant system can also impact the flow through the boiler -- for example if the relative sizes and operation are such that flow is restricted and the requests cannot be met.~~ The default, if not specified, is NotModulated.

\paragraph{Field: On Cycle Parasitic Electric Load}\label{field-parasitic-electric-load-000}

This optional numeric field contains the parasitic electric power (W) consumed by a forced draft fan or other electrical device associated with the boiler. This parasitic electric load is consumed whenever the boiler is operating, and the model assumes that this parasitic power does not contribute to heating the water. The minimum value for this field is 0.0, and the default value is also 0.0 if the field is left blank.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-10}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Nominal Capacity and Design Water Flow Rate. Sizing factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

\paragraph{Field: End-Use Subcategory}\label{end-use-subcategory-10}

This optional field allows you to specify a user-defined end-use subcategory, e.g., ``Process''. A new meter for reporting is created for each unique subcategory (ref: \hyperref[outputmeter-and-outputmetermeterfileonly]{Output:Meter} objects). Any text may be used here to further subcategorize the end-uses in the ABUPS End Uses by Subcategory table and in the LEED Summary EAp2-4/5 Performance Rating Method Compliance table. If this field is omitted or blank, the boiler will be assigned to the ``General'' end-use subcategory.

\paragraph{Field: Off Cycle Parasitic Fuel Load}\label{field-boiler-parasitic-fuel-load}

This optional field is the parasitic fuel load associated with the boiler's operation (Watts), such as a standing pilot light. The model assumes that this parasitic load is consumed only for the portion of the simulation timestep where the boiler is not operating.

An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
Boiler:HotWater,
  Condensing Boiler,          !- Boiler Name
  NaturalGas,                 !- Fuel Type
  25000,                      !- Nominal Capacity {W}
  EnteringBoiler              !- Efficiency Curve Temperature Evaluation Variable
  0.89,                       !- Nominal Thermal Efficiency
  CondensingBoilerEff,        !- Boiler Efficiency Curve Name
  0.0021,                     !- Max Design Boiler Water Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.10,                       !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.00,                       !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  1.00,                       !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  Boiler Inlet Node,          !- Boiler Water Inlet Node
  Boiler Outlet Node,         !- Boiler Water Outlet Node
  80,                         !- Temp Upper Limit Water Outlet {C}
  ConstantFlow,               !- Boiler Flow Mode
  25.0;                       !- On Cycle Parasitic Electric Load {W}

Curve:Biquadratic,
  CondensingBoilerEff,        !- Name
  1.124970374,                !- Coefficient1 Constant
  0.014963852,                !- Coefficient2 x
  -0.02599835,                !- Coefficient3 x**2
  0.0,                        !- Coefficient4y
  -1.40464E-6,                !- Coefficient5y**2
  -0.00153624,                !- Coefficient6x*y
  0.1,                        !- Minimum Value of x
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Value of x
  30.0,                       !- Minimum Value of y
  85.0;                       !- Maximum Value of y
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-10-005}

Outputs available from the boiler:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Heating Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Heating Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Boilers:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Parasitic Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Ancillary Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Part Load Ratio
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Efficiency
\end{itemize}

~ One of the following blocks will be applicable based on fuel type:

Electric:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

NaturalGas:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler NaturalGas Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler NaturalGas Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Ancillary NaturalGas Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Ancillary NaturalGas Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Propane:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Propane Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Propane Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Ancillary Propane Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Ancillary Propane Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

FuelOilNo1:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler FuelOilNo1 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler FuelOilNo1 Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Ancillary FuelOilNo1 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Ancillary FuelOilNo1 Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

FuelOilNo2:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler FuelOilNo2 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler FuelOilNo2 Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Ancillary FuelOilNo2 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Ancillary FuelOilNo2 Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Coal:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Coal Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Coal Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Ancillary Coal Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Ancillary Coal Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Diesel:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Diesel Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Diesel Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Ancillary Diesel Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Ancillary Diesel Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Gasoline:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Gasoline Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Gasoline Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Ancillary Gasoline Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Ancillary Gasoline Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

OtherFuel1:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler OtherFuel1 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler OtherFuel1 Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Ancillary OtherFuel1 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Ancillary OtherFuel1 Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

OtherFuel2:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler OtherFuel2 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler OtherFuel2 Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Ancillary OtherFuel2 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Ancillary OtherFuel2 Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

\paragraph{Boiler Heating Rate {[}W{]}}\label{boiler-heating-rate-w}

\paragraph{Boiler Heating Energy {[}J{]}}\label{boiler-heating-energy-j}

These outputs are the heating output (load) of the boiler. Energy is metered on Boilers:EnergyTransfer, EnergyTransfer:Plant, and EnergyTransfer:Facility.

\paragraph{Boiler Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{boiler-inlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Boiler Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{boiler-outlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Boiler Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{boiler-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

These outputs are the hot water inlet and outlet temperatures and flow rate for the boiler.

\paragraph{Boiler Part Load Ratio {[]}}\label{boiler-part-load-ratio}

This output is the operating part-load ratio of the boiler. The part-load ratio is calculated as the boiler load divided by the boiler nominal capacity. The part-load ratio is limited by the minimum and maximum part-load ratio inputs specified by the user.

\paragraph{Boiler Efficiency {[]}}\label{boiler-efficiency}

This output is the thermal efficiency for the boiler during heating operation. It is calculated by multiplying the normalized output of the boiler efficiency curve and the nominal thermal efficiency.

\emph{Note that this variable is reported as zero when the boiler is not operating. When reported for frequencies longer than ``detailed'' (such as timestep, hourly, daily, monthly or environment), this output will only be meaningful when the boiler is operating for the entire reporting period. To determine an efficiency for a longer time period, compute the efficiency based on boiler heating rate divided by boiler gas rate over the desired period.}

\paragraph{Boiler \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Rate {[}W{]}}\label{boiler-fuel-type-rate-w}

\paragraph{Boiler \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Energy {[}J{]} \textbackslash{}}\label{boiler-fuel-type-energy-j}

\paragraph{Boiler Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{boiler-electric-power-w}

These outputs are the energy input to the boiler. Valid fuel types are:~ Electric, Gas (natural gas), Propane, FuelOilNo1, FuelOilNo2, Coal, Diesel, Gasoline, OtherFuel1, OtherFuel2. Consumption is metered on Heating:\textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}, \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}:Plant, and \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}:Facility.

\paragraph{Boiler Ancillary Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{boiler-ancillary-electric-power-w}

\paragraph{Boiler Ancillary Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{boiler-ancillary-electric-energy-j}

These outputs are the parasitic electric power and parasitic electric consumption associated with the boiler. Used when simulating a forced draft fan or other electric component. Consumption is metered on Heating:Electricity and Electricity:Plant.

\subsection{Boiler:Steam}\label{boilersteam}

The steam boiler model provides a first order approximation of performance for fuel oil, gas and electric boilers. Boiler performance is based on a ``theoretical'' boiler efficiency (overall efficiency at design operating conditions) and a single quadratic fuel use/ part load ratio curve. This single curve accounts for all combustion inefficiencies and stack losses.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-11-012}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-10-011}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the Steam Boiler.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Type}\label{field-fuel-type-4}

This alpha value specifies the type of fuel used by the boiler. The fuel type can be \textbf{Electricity, NaturalGas, Propane, FuelOilNo1, FuelOilNo2, Coal, Diesel, Gasoline, OtherFuel1} or \textbf{OtherFuel2.}

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Operating Pressure}\label{field-maximum-operating-pressure}

This numeric field contains the maximum value of pressure up to which the boiler would operate, or the maximum design pressure. (Pascal)

\paragraph{Field: Theoretical Efficiency}\label{field-theoretical-efficiency}

This numeric field contains the heating efficiency (as a fraction between 0 and 1) of the boiler's burner.

\paragraph{Field: Design Outlet Steam Temperature}\label{field-design-outlet-steam-temperature}

The maximum value of steam temperature the boiler can provide. (Celsius)

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-7}

This numeric field contains the nominal operating capacity (W) of the boiler.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-10}

This numeric field contains the minimum part load ratio. If the ratio of demand to boiler nominal capacity is less than the minimum part load ratio, then the Min PLR will determine the operating PLR. The expected range is between 0 and 1.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-10}

This numeric field contains the maximum part load ratio. If the ratio of demand to boiler nominal capacity is greater than the maximum part load ratio, then the Max PLR will determine the operating PLR. This value may exceed 1, but the normal range is between 0 and 1.1.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-10}

This numeric field contains the optimum part load ratio. This is the part load ratio at which the boiler performs at its maximum efficiency.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 1 of Fuel Use Function of Part Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-1-of-fuel-use-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the fuel use / PLR coefficient1.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 2 of Fuel Use Function of Part Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-2-of-fuel-use-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the fuel use / PLR coefficient2.

\paragraph{Field: Coefficient 3 of Fuel Use Function of Part Load Ratio Curve}\label{field-coefficient-3-of-fuel-use-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve}

This numeric field contains the fuel use / PLR coefficient3.

\paragraph{Field: Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-water-inlet-node-name-001}

This alpha field contains the water inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Steam Outlet Node Name}\label{field-steam-outlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the steam outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-11}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Nominal Capacity. Sizing factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

\paragraph{Field: End-Use Subcategory}\label{end-use-subcategory-11}

This optional field allows you to specify a user-defined end-use subcategory, e.g., ``Process''. A new meter for reporting is created for each unique subcategory (ref: \hyperref[outputmeter-and-outputmetermeterfileonly]{Output:Meter} objects). Any text may be used here to further subcategorize the end-uses in the ABUPS End Uses by Subcategory table and in the LEED Summary EAp2-4/5 Performance Rating Method Compliance table. If this field is omitted or blank, the boiler will be assigned to the ``General'' end-use subcategory.


More information on the technical aspects of steam boiler can be found in the Engineering Reference Document.

An example of a Steam Boiler input statement from an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
Boiler:Steam,
  Steam Boiler Plant Boiler,  !- Boiler Name
  NaturalGas,                 !- Fuel Type
  160000,                     !- Maximum Boiler Pressure Pascal
  0.8,                        !- Theoretical Boiler Efficiency
  115,                        !- Max Design Outlet Steam Temp
  300000,                     !- Nominal Capacity W
  0.00001,                    !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  0.2,                        !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  0.8,                        !- Coefficient 1 of the fuel use/part load ratio curve
  0.1,                        !- Coefficient 2 of the fuel use/part load ratio curve
  0.1,                        !- Coefficient 3 of the fuel use/part load ratio curve
  Steam Boiler Plant Boiler Inlet Node,  !- Boiler Steam Inlet Node
  Steam Boiler Plant Boiler Outlet Node;  !- Plant Loop Outlet Node

Boiler:Steam,
  Steam Boiler Plant Boiler,  !- Boiler Name
  NaturalGas,                 !- Fuel Type
  160000,                     !- Maximum Boiler Pressure Pascal
  0.8,                        !- Theoretical Boiler Efficiency
  115,                        !- Max Design Outlet Steam Temp
  autosize,                   !- Nominal Capacity W
  0.00001,                    !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1.0,                        !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  0.2,                        !- Optimum Part Load Ratio
  0.8,                        !- Coefficient 1 of the fuel use/part load ratio curve
  0.1,                        !- Coefficient 2 of the fuel use/part load ratio curve
  0.1,                        !- Coefficient 3 of the fuel use/part load ratio curve
  Steam Boiler Plant Boiler Inlet Node,  !- Boiler Steam Inlet Node
  Steam Boiler Plant Boiler Outlet Node;  !- Plant Loop Outlet Node
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-11-004}

Outputs available from the steam boiler:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Heating Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Heating Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Steam Efficiency
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Boilers:EnergyTransfer {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Steam Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Steam Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

~ One of the following blocks will be applicable based on fuel type:

Electric:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

NaturalGas:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler NaturalGas Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler NaturalGas Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Propane:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Propane Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Propane Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

FuelOilNo1:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler FuelOilNo1 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler FuelOilNo1 Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

FuelOilNo2:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler FuelOilNo2 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler FuelOilNo2 Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Coal:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Coal Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Coal Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Diesel:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Diesel Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Diesel Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

Gasoline:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler Gasoline Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler Gasoline Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

OtherFuel1:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler OtherFuel1 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler OtherFuel1 Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

OtherFuel2:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Boiler OtherFuel2 Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Boiler OtherFuel2 Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

\paragraph{Boiler Heating Rate {[}W{]}}\label{boiler-heating-rate-w-1}

\paragraph{Boiler Heating Energy {[}J{]}}\label{boiler-heating-energy-j-1}

These outputs are the heating output (load) of the boiler. Energy is metered on Boilers:EnergyTransfer, EnergyTransfer:Plant, and EnergyTransfer:Facility.

\paragraph{Boiler Steam Efficiency {[]}}\label{boiler-steam-efficiency}

This output is the thermal efficiency for the boiler during heating operation. It is calculated as the boiler heat transfer rate (Boiler Heating Rate) divided by the ``fuel'' consumption rate by the boiler.

\emph{Note that this variable is reported as zero when the boiler is not operating. When reported for frequencies longer than ``detailed'' (such as timestep, hourly, daily, monthly or environment), this output will only be meaningful when the boiler is operating for the entire reporting period. To determine an efficiency for a longer time period, compute the efficiency based on boiler heating rate divided by boiler \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} rate over the desired period.}

\paragraph{Boiler Steam Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{boiler-steam-inlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Boiler Steam Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{boiler-steam-outlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Boiler Steam Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{boiler-steam-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

These outputs are the steam inlet and outlet temperatures and steam flow rate for the boiler.

\paragraph{Boiler \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Rate {[}W{]}}\label{boiler-fuel-type-rate-w-1}

\paragraph{Boiler \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{} Energy {[}J{]}}\label{boiler-fuel-type-energy-j-1}

\paragraph{Boiler Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{boiler-electric-power-w-1}

\paragraph{Boiler Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{boiler-electric-energy-j}

These outputs are the energy input to the boiler. Valid fuel types are:~ Electric, Gas (natural gas), Propane, FuelOilNo1, FuelOilNo2, Coal, Diesel, Gasoline, OtherFuel1, and OtherFuel2. Consumption is metered on Heating:\textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}, \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}:Plant, and \textless{}Fuel Type\textgreater{}:Facility.

\subsection{Plant Loop Heat Pumps}\label{plant-loop-heat-pumps}

EnergyPlus has four plant loop heat pump models: parameter estimation (water-source only), equation fit (water-source only), EIR-formulated (water or air source), and fuel-fired absorption (air-source only).

\textbf{\hyperref[heatpumpwatertowaterequationfitcooling]{HeatPump:WaterToWater:EquationFit:Cooling}}

\textbf{\hyperref[heatpumpwatertowaterequationfitheating]{HeatPump:WaterToWater:EquationFit:Heating}}

This model is an equation-fit model from the catalog data which resembles a black box with no usage of heat transfer equations. The performance of the heat pump is modeled using curves fitted from the catalog data.

\textbf{\hyperref[heatpumpwatertowaterparameterestimationcooling]{HeatPump:WaterToWater:ParameterEstimation:Cooling}}

\textbf{\hyperref[heatpumpwatertowaterparameterestimationheating]{HeatPump:WaterToWater:ParameterEstimation:Heating}}

This model is a parameter estimation based model that uses physical parameters generated from the catalog data. The physical parameters are then used to predict the performance of the heat pump using thermodynamic laws and heat transfer equations. The heat pump has a reciprocating compressor that serves both the hot water and the chilled water loop. Note that this model is currently ``hardwired'' to fluid property R22. FluidProperties:* objects for R-22 must be included in the idf file. These may be copied from DataSets\\FluidPropertiesRefData.idf.

Descriptions and strengths of these two models are available in the following references:

Jin, Hui. 2002. Parameter Estimation Based Models of Water Source Heat Pumps. Phd. Thesis, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Oklahoma State University. (downloadable from \href{http://www.hvac.okstate.edu}{http://www.hvac.okstate.edu/})

Tang,C. C. 2005. Modeling Packaged Heat Pumps in Quasi-Steady State Energy Simulation Program. M.S. Thesis. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Oklahoma State University. (downloadable from \href{http://www.hvac.okstate.edu}{http://www.hvac.okstate.edu/})

\textbf{\hyperref[plhp_eir_cooling]{HeatPump:PlantLoop:EIR:Cooling}}

\textbf{\hyperref[plhp_eir_heating]{HeatPump:PlantLoop:EIR:Heating}}

Beginning with version 9.1, an EIR-formulated heat pump model was added. This heat pump can be operated as a water-source object with the source-side connected to another plant loop, or as an air-source object with the source-side interacting with the outdoor air. This formulation allows the user to enter curves for specifying the capacity and energy usage in a more generic way, allowing the curves to be applicable to a wide variety of components. With the original equation fit model, the curve form was locked in to a specific set of linear coefficients. With the new form, the curve can be a quadratic function of temperatures, or an even more generic lookup table.

\textbf{Air-to-Water Heat Pump with Heat Recovery}. This is an air-to-water heat pump with a heat recovery option. The heat pump object is based on \textit{HeatPump:PlantLoop:EIR:Cooling} and \textit{HeatPump:PlantLoop:EIR:Heating}. The heat recovery options are supported using heat recovery refrigerant-to-water heat exchangers (condenser or evaporator coils) that connect to hot water or chilled water heat recovery plant loops. These objects have heat recovery water inlet and outlet nodes connecting to a heat recovery plant loop. The air-to-water heat pump with heat recovery technology can simultaneously produce chilled and hot water. This feature is already available in the market, making it a promising technology option for HVAC systems. Hot water is recovered from the condenser when the heat pump unit operates in the chiller mode. The hot water recovery operation is enabled only when the heat pump unit operates in chiller mode and the heat recovery heat exchanger (condenser) entering fluid temperature is less than the user-specified temperature limit. When the heat recovery heat exchanger entering fluid temperature exceeds the user-specified maximum limit for hot water temperature recovery or drops below the minimum temperature limit for chilled water recovery, the heat recovery operation is disabled, and the heat pump continues to operate in chiller-only or heater-only operating mode. The plant equipment layout configuration for this technology can be \textit{four-pipe} and \textit{six-pipe} configurations.


\begin{figure}[hbtp] % fig 73
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth, height=0.9\textheight, keepaspectratio=true]{media/FourPipe_HeatRecoveryPlantConfig.png}
    \caption{Schematic of Four-Pipe Air-to-Water Heat Pump with Heat Recovery \protect \label{fig:schematic-of-four-pipe-air-to-water-heat-pump-with-heat-recovery}}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[hbtp] % fig 74
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=1.0\textwidth, height=0.9\textheight, keepaspectratio=true]{media/SixPipe_HeatRecoveryPlantConfig.png}
    \caption{Schematic of Six-Pipe Air-to-Water Heat Pump with Heat Recovery \protect \label{fig:schematic-of-six-pipe-air-to-water-heat-pump-with-heat-recovery}}
\end{figure}


\textbf{Four-Pipe Configuration}. In the four-pipe configuration, the heat pump operates in chiller mode, and the condenser is connected to a heat recovery system to generate the hot water. In this configuration, the heat pump refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger (evaporator) is connected to a chilled water plant loop, and the condenser is a refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger connected to a hot water recovery plant loop. Figure \ref{fig:schematic-of-four-pipe-air-to-water-heat-pump-with-heat-recovery} shows the plant layout and equipment connection of the four-pipe system configuration.

\textbf{Six-Pipe Configuration}. In the six-pipe configuration, the heat pump may operate in chiller or heater mode, depending on the dominant load the heat pump is serving in the building. When the heat pump operates in the chiller mode, hot water is recovered from the condenser, which is connected to a heat recovery (secondary) plant loop. Therefore, a heat pump is connected to three plant loops: a chilled water plant loop, a hot water plant loop, and a secondary hot water plant for heat recovery.  Figure \ref{fig:schematic-of-six-pipe-air-to-water-heat-pump-with-heat-recovery} shows six-pipe plant layout and equipment connection configuration.


If the hot water heat recovery coil's entering water temperature is at or exceeds the maximum temperature limit, the heat recovery operation is disabled, and the heat pump operates in cooling-only mode. Similarly, if the chilled water recovery coil's entering water temperature is at or drops below the minimum temperature limit, the chilled water recovery operation is disabled, and the heat pump operates in heating-only mode. Hot or chilled water is recovered at the source side of the heat pump unit. Any balance portion of the energy that cannot be recovered due to exceeding the minimum or maximum fluid temperature limits is reported as source-side heat transfer. Otherwise, full heat recovery potential is realized if the heat recovery fluid temperature does not violate these temperature limits. The heat recovery operation status is tracked using the \textit{Heat Pump Heat Recovery Operation Status} report variable.




\textbf{\hyperref[plhp_fuelfired]{HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling}}

\textbf{\hyperref[plhp_fuelfired]{HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating}}

This is a fuel-fired air-to-water absorption cycle heat pump.


\textbf{Configuration}

The Supply side of the heat pump is usually connected to a Ground Heat Exchanger for a water-source object. The figure below shows the layout and piping diagram of the water-to-water heat pump.

\begin{figure}[hbtp] % fig 75
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth, height=0.9\textheight, keepaspectratio=true]{media/image184.png}
    \caption{Schematic of EnergyPlus Ground Loop Heat Exchanger \protect \label{fig:schematic-of-energyplus-ground-loop-heat-001}}
\end{figure}

First, the equation fit model objects are described. This model has two sets of coefficients, one for the heating mode and other for the cooling mode.

\subsection{HeatPump:WaterToWater:EquationFit:Cooling}\label{heatpumpwatertowaterequationfitcooling}

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-12-012}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-11-010}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the ground source heat pump.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Inlet Node Name}\label{field-source-side-inlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's source side inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Outlet Node Name}\label{field-source-side-outlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's source side outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Inlet Node Name}\label{field-load-side-inlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's load side inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Outlet Node Name}\label{field-load-side-outlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's load side outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Load Side Flow Rate}\label{field-rated-load-side-flow-rate}

This numeric field contains the design volume flow rate on the load side of the heat pump in m3/s. This corresponds to the highest load side heat transfer rate listed in the catalog data. This field is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Source Side Flow Rate}\label{field-rated-source-side-flow-rate}

This numeric field contains the design volume flow rate on the source side of the heat pump in m3/s. This corresponds to the highest load side heat transfer rate listed in the catalog data. This field is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Cooling Capacity}\label{field-rated-cooling-capacity}

This numeric field contains the design cooling capacity of the heat pump in W. This corresponds to the highest load side heat transfer rate listed in the catalog data. This field is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Cooling Power Consumption}\label{field-rated-cooling-power-consumption}

This numeric field is the design electric power consumption for cooling, in W. This corresponds to the electric power use at the Reference Cooling Capacity. This field is autosizable. When autosized, the field called Reference Coefficient of Performance must be used.

\paragraph{Fields: Cooling Capacity Curve Name}\label{fields-cooling-capacity-curve-name}

This alpha field specifies the name of a \textbf{quadlinear} performance curve object (ref: Performance Curves) for the Cooling Capacity curve. More details on how these coefficients in the curve are used are described in the Engineering Reference.

\paragraph{Field: Cooling Compressor Power Curve Name}\label{field-cooling-compressor-power-curve-name}

This alpha field specifies the name of a \textbf{quadlinear} performance curve object (ref: Performance Curves) for the Cooling Compressor Power curve. More details on how these coefficients in the curve are used are described in the Engineering Reference.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Coefficient of Performance}\label{field-cooling-nom-COP}

This field is required if the Reference Cooling Power Consumption is set to autosize. The nominal COP is defined by the Reference Cooling Capacity divided by the corresponding Reference Cooling Power Consumption and is non-dimensional. This field is only used for sizing; if the Reference Power Consumption is set to a fixed value then the COP of the component during simulation will be determined by the ratio of Reference Cooling Capacity divided by the corresponding Reference Cooling Power Consumption and not by the value in this field. This COP does not include power for fluid circulation pumps, it is just the heat pump itself.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-cooling-siz-fac}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The
sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations
are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component
the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Reference Load Side Flow Rate, Reference Source Side Flow Rate, Reference Cooling Capacity, and Reference Cooling Power Consumption. The Sizing Factor allows the user to size
a component to meet part of the plant loop's design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature. For example if there are two heat pumps on the supply side, each one could be sized to be half of the design load.

\paragraph{Field: Companion Heating Heat Pump Name}\label{field-heating-companion-name}

This optional name field allows the user to specify the companion heating water to water heat pump for this cooling component. This should be the name of an \hyperref[heatpumpwatertowaterequationfitheating]{HeatPump:WaterToWater:EquationFit:Heating} object defined elsewhere in the input file. Because the cooling and heating models are often intended to represent separate operating modes of one single reversible heat pump, it is useful to identify the corresponding heating heat pump input object by name. This is currently used with autosizing so that the sizing calculations can be coordinated so that the two companion heat pumps get the same design reference flow rates.

An idf example:

\begin{lstlisting}
HeatPump:WaterToWater:EquationFit:Cooling,
  GshpCLG,                    !- Name
  GshpCLG SourceSide Inlet Node,  !- Source Side Inlet Node Name
  GshpCLG SourceSide Outlet Node,  !- Source Side Outlet Node Name
  GshpCLG LoadSide Inlet Node,!- Load Side Inlet Node Name
  GshpCLG LoadSide Outlet Node,  !- Load Side Outlet Node Name
  1.89E-03,                   !- Reference Load Side Flow Rate {m3/s}
  1.89E-03,                   !- Reference Source Side Flow Rate {m3/s}
  39890.91,                   !- Reference Cooling Capacity {W}
  4790.00,                    !- Reference Cooling Power Consumption {W}
  CoolCapCurve,               !- Cooling Capacity Curve Name
  CoolPowCurve,               !- Cooling Compressor Power Curve Name
  8.32,                       !- Reference Coefficient of Performance
  1.0,                        !- Sizing Factor
  GshpHeating;                !- Companion Heating Heat Pump Name

Curve:QuadLinear,
  CoolCapCurve,               !- Curve Name
  -1.52030596,                !- CoefficientC1
  3.46625667,                 !- CoefficientC2
  -1.32267797,                !- CoefficientC3
  0.09395678,                 !- CoefficientC4
  0.038975504,                !- CoefficientC5
  -100,                       !- Minimum Value of w
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of w
  -100,                       !- Minimum Value of x
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of x
  0,                          !- Minimum Value of y
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of y
  0,                          !- Minimum Value of z
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of z
  0,                          !- Minimum Curve Output
  38;                         !- Maximum Curve Output

Curve:QuadLinear,
  CoolPowCurve,               !- Curve Name
  -8.59564386,                !- CoefficientC1
  0.96265085,                 !- CoefficientC2
  8.69489229,                 !- CoefficientC3
  0.02501669,                 !- CoefficientC4
  -0.20132665,                !- CoefficientC5
  -100,                       !- Minimum Value of w
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of w
  -100,                       !- Minimum Value of x
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of x
  0,                          !- Minimum Value of y
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of y
  0,                          !- Minimum Value of z
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of z
  0,                          !- Minimum Curve Output
  38;                         !- Maximum Curve Output
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-12-004}

This section describes the outputs available for the water to water heat pump, equation fit model; both cooling and heating.

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Heat Pump Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Side Outlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Side Inlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Source Side Outlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Source Side Inlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Side Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Source Side Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

\paragraph{Heat Pump Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-electric-energy-j}

This output variable represents the cumulative energy used by the compressor. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are summed across the reporting period.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-load-side-heat-transfer-energy-j}

This output variable represents the cumulative heat transfer across the load side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are summed across the reporting period.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-source-side-heat-transfer-energy-j}

This output variable represents the cumulative heat transfer across the source side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are summed across the reporting period.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-electric-power-w}

This output variable represents the compressor power required to run the heat pump. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-load-side-heat-transfer-rate-w}

This output variable represents the heat transfer across the load side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-source-side-heat-transfer-rate-w}

This output variable represents the heat transfer across the source side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-load-side-outlet-temperature-c}

This output variable represents the average fluid temperature leaving the load side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-load-side-inlet-temperature-c}

This output variable represents the average fluid temperature entering the load side coil.~ The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-source-side-outlet-temperature-c}

This output variable represents the average fluid temperature leaving the source side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-source-side-inlet-temperature-c}

This output variable represents the average fluid temperature entering the source side coil.~ The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-load-side-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

This output variable represents the average fluid flow rate through the load side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-source-side-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

This output variable represents the average fluid flow rate through the source side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\subsection{HeatPump:WaterToWater:EquationFit:Heating}\label{heatpumpwatertowaterequationfitheating}

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-13-010}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-12-008}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the ground source heat pump.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Inlet Node Name}\label{field-source-side-inlet-node-name-1}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's source side inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Outlet Node Name}\label{field-source-side-outlet-node-name-1}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's source side outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Inlet Node Name}\label{field-load-side-inlet-node-name-1}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's load side inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Outlet Node Name}\label{field-load-side-outlet-node-name-1}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's load side outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Load Side Flow Rate}\label{field-rated-load-side-flow-rate-1}

This numeric field contains the design volume flow rate on the load side of the heat pump in m3/s. This corresponds to the highest load side heat transfer rate listed in the catalog data. This field is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Source Side Flow Rate}\label{field-rated-source-side-flow-rate-1}

This numeric field contains the design volume flow rate on the source side of the heat pump in m3/s. This corresponds to the highest load side heat transfer rate listed in the catalog data. This field is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Heating Capacity}\label{field-rated-heating-capacity-000}

This numeric field contains the design heating capacity of the heat pump in W. This corresponds to the highest load side heat transfer rate listed in the catalog data. This field is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Heating Power Consumption}\label{field-rated-heating-power-consumption}

This numeric field contains the design electric power consumption for heating, in W. This corresponds to the electric power use at the Reference Heating Capacity. This field is autosizable. When autosized, the field called Reference Coefficient of Performance must be used.

\paragraph{Fields: Heating Capacity Curve Name}\label{fields-heating-capacity-curve-name}

This alpha field specifies the name of a \textbf{quadlinear} performance curve object (ref: Performance Curves) for the Heating Capacity curve. More details on how these coefficients in the curve are used are described in the Engineering Reference.

\paragraph{Field: Heating Compressor Power Curve Name}\label{field-heating-compressor-power-curve-name}

This alpha field specifies the name of a \textbf{quadlinear} performance curve object (ref: Performance Curves) for the Heating Compressor Power curve. More details on how these coefficients in the curve are used are described in the Engineering Reference.

\paragraph{Field: Reference Coefficient of Performance}\label{field-heating-nom-COP}

This field is required if the Design Heating Power Consumption is set to autosize. The nominal COP is defined by the Reference Heating Capacity divided by the corresponding Reference Heating Power Consumption and is non-dimensional. This field is only used for sizing; if the Reference Heating Power Consumption is set to a fixed value then the COP of the component during simulation will be determined by the ratio of Reference Heating Capacity divided by the corresponding Reference Heating Power Consumption and not by the value in this field.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-heating-siz-fac}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The
sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations
are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component
the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Reference Load Side Flow Rate, Reference Source Side Flow Rate, Reference Heating Capacity, and Reference Heating Power Consumption. The Sizing Factor allows the user to size
a component to meet part of the plant loop's design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature. For example if there are two heat pumps on the supply side, each one could be sized to be half of the design load.

\paragraph{Field: Companion Cooling Heat Pump Name}\label{field-cooling-companion-name}

This optional name field allows the user to specify the companion cooling water to water heat pump for this heating component. This should be the name of an \hyperref[heatpumpwatertowaterequationfitcooling]{HeatPump:WaterToWater:EquationFit:Cooling} object defined elsewhere in the input file. Because the cooling and heating models are often intended to represent separate operating modes of one single reversible heat pump, it is useful to identify the corresponding cooling heat pump input object by name. This is currently used with autosizing so that the sizing calculations can be coordinated so that the two companion heat pumps get the same design reference flow rates.


An idf example:

\begin{lstlisting}
HeatPump:WaterToWater:EquationFit:Heating,
  GshpHeating,                !- Name
  GshpHeating SourceSide Inlet Node,  !- Source Side Inlet Node Name
  GshpHeating SourceSide Outlet Node,  !- Source Side Outlet Node Name
  GshpHeating LoadSide Inlet Node,  !- Load Side Inlet Node Name
  GshpHeating LoadSide Outlet Node,  !- Load Side Outlet Node Name
  1.89E-03,                   !- Reference Load Side Flow Rate {m3/s}
  1.89E-03,                   !- Reference Source Side Flow Rate {m3/s}
  39040.92,                   !- Reference Heating Capacity {W}
  5130.00,                    !- Reference Heating Power Consumption {W}
  HeatCapCurve,               !- Heating Capacity Curve Name
  HeatPowCurve,               !- Heating Compressor Power Curve Name
  7.61,                       !- Reference Coefficient of Performance
  1.0,                        !- Sizing Factor
  GshpCLG;                    !- Companion Cooling Heat Pump Name

Curve:QuadLinear,
  HeatCapCurve,               !- Curve Name
  -3.33491153,                !- CoefficientC1
  -0.51451946,                !- CoefficientC2
  4.51592706,                 !- CoefficientC3
  0.01797107,                 !- CoefficientC4
  0.155797661,                !- CoefficientC5
  -100,                       !- Minimum Value of w
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of w
  -100,                       !- Minimum Value of x
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of x
  0,                          !- Minimum Value of y
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of y
  0,                          !- Minimum Value of z
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of z
  0,                          !- Minimum Curve Output
  38;                         !- Maximum Curve Output

Curve:QuadLinear,
  HeatPowCurve,               !- Curve Name
  -8.93121751,                !- CoefficientC1
  8.57035762,                 !- CoefficientC2
  1.29660976,                 !- CoefficientC3
  -0.21629222,                !- CoefficientC4
  0.033862378,                !- CoefficientC5
  -100,                       !- Minimum Value of w
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of w
  -100,                       !- Minimum Value of x
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of x
  0,                          !- Minimum Value of y
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of y
  0,                          !- Minimum Value of z
  100,                        !- Maximum Value of z
  0,                          !- Minimum Curve Output
  38;                         !- Maximum Curve Output
\end{lstlisting}

Next, the parameter estimation model objects are described. This model has two sets of parameters, one for the heating mode and other for the cooling mode.

\subsection{HeatPump:WaterToWater:ParameterEstimation:Cooling}\label{heatpumpwatertowaterparameterestimationcooling}

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-14-010}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-13-007}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the ground source heat pump.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Inlet Node Name}\label{field-source-side-inlet-node-name-2}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's source side inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Outlet Node Name}\label{field-source-side-outlet-node-name-2}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's source side outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Inlet Node Name}\label{field-load-side-inlet-node-name-2}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's load side inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Outlet Node Name}\label{field-load-side-outlet-node-name-2}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's load side outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal COP}\label{field-nominal-cop-4}

This numeric field contains the nominal coefficient of performance of the heat pump.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-8}

This numeric field contains the nominal capacity of the heat pump in Watts.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-11}

This numeric field contains the minimum part load ratio of the heat pump usually set to 0.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-11}

This numeric field contains the maximum part load ratio of the heat pump usually set to 1.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-11}

This numeric field contains the optimal part load ratio of the heat pump usually set to 1.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Flow Rate}\label{field-load-side-flow-rate}

This numeric field contains the volumetric flow rate on the load side of the heat pump in m3/s

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Flow Rate}\label{field-source-side-flow-rate}

This numeric field contains the volumetric flow rate on the source side of the heat pump in m3/s

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Heat Transfer Coefficient}\label{field-load-side-heat-transfer-coefficient}

This numeric field contains Estimated parameter load side heat transfer coefficient W/K.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Heat Transfer Coefficient}\label{field-source-side-heat-transfer-coefficient-000}

This numeric field contains Estimated parameter source side heat transfer coefficient W/K.

\paragraph{Field: Piston Displacement}\label{field-piston-displacement}

This numeric field contains the Estimated parameter displacement of the reciprocating compressor in m3/s.

\paragraph{Field: Compressor Clearance Factor}\label{field-compressor-clearance-factor-000}

This numeric field contains the Estimated parameter clearance factor of the reciprocating compressor.

\paragraph{Field: Compressor Suction and Discharge Pressure Drop}\label{field-compressor-suction-and-discharge-pressure-drop}

This numeric field contains the estimated parameter the pressure drop at compressor suction and discharge in Pascals (N/m2).

\paragraph{Field: Superheating}\label{field-superheating}

This numeric field contains the estimated parameter superheat at the evaporator outlet in $^\circ$C.

\paragraph{Field: Constant Part of Electromechanical Power Losses}\label{field-constant-part-of-electromechanical-power-losses}

This numeric field contains the estimated parameter power loss, which accounts for the loss of work due mechanical and electrical losses in the compressor in Watts.

\paragraph{Field: Loss Factor}\label{field-loss-factor}

This numeric field contains the factor of electromechanical loss that is proportional to the theoretical power percentage.

\paragraph{Field: High Pressure Cut Off}\label{field-high-pressure-cut-off}

This numeric field contains the design pressure limit of the compressor in Pascals (N/m2).

\paragraph{Field: Low Pressure Cut Off}\label{field-low-pressure-cut-off}

This numeric field contains the design low-pressure limit of the compressor in Pascals (N/m2).

An idf example:

\begin{lstlisting}
HeatPump:WaterToWater:ParameterEstimation:Cooling,
  GshpCLG,                    !- Water to Water Heat Pump Name
  GshpCLG SourceSide Inlet Node,  !- Source Side Inlet Node
  GshpCLG SourceSide Outlet Node,  !- Source Side Outlet Node
  GshpCLG LoadSide Inlet Node,!- Load Side Inlet Node
  GshpCLG LoadSide Outlet Node,  !- Load Side Outlet Node
  3.5,                        !- Nominal COP
  45000,                      !- Nominal Capacity {W}
  0.0,                        !- Min PLR
  1,                          !- Max PLR
  1,                          !- optimum PLR
  .003,                       !- Load side Flow Rate {m3/s}
  .003,                       !- Source Side Flow Rate {m3/s}
  7761,                       !- Load side Heat Transfer Coefficient {W/K}
  3998,                       !- Source Side Heat Transfer Coefficient {W/K}
  .012544,                    !- Piston Displacement {m3/s}
  .05469,                     !- Compressor Clearance Factor %
  92156.2,                    !- Compressor Suction And Discharge Pressure Drop {Pa}
  4.8907,                     !- Superheating {C}
  2803.9,                     !- Constant Part of Electro Mechanical Power Losses {W}
  .699,                       !- Loss Factor
  0.0,                        !- High Pressure Cut off {Pa}
  0.0;                        !- LowPressure Cut off {Pa}
\end{lstlisting}

\subsection{HeatPump:WaterToWater:ParameterEstimation:Heating}\label{heatpumpwatertowaterparameterestimationheating}

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-15-010}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-14-006}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the ground source heat pump.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Inlet Node Name}\label{field-source-side-inlet-node-name-3}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's source side inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Outlet Node Name}\label{field-source-side-outlet-node-name-3}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's source side outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Inlet Node Name}\label{field-load-side-inlet-node-name-3}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's load side inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Outlet Node Name}\label{field-load-side-outlet-node-name-3}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's load side outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal COP}\label{field-nominal-cop-5}

This numeric field contains the nominal coefficient of performance of the heat pump.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-9}

This numeric field contains the nominal capacity of the heat pump in Watts.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-minimum-part-load-ratio-12}

This numeric field contains the minimum part load ratio of the heat pump usually set to 0.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-maximum-part-load-ratio-12}

This numeric field contains the maximum part load ratio of the heat pump usually set to 1.

\paragraph{Field: Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-optimum-part-load-ratio-12}

This numeric field contains the optimal part load ratio of the heat pump usually set to 1.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Flow Rate}\label{field-load-side-flow-rate-1}

This numeric field contains the volumetric flow rate on the load side of the heat pump in m3/s

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Flow Rate}\label{field-source-side-flow-rate-1}

This numeric field contains the volumetric flow rate on the source side of the heat pump in m3/s

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Heat Transfer Coefficient}\label{field-load-side-heat-transfer-coefficient-1}

This numeric field contains Estimated parameter load side heat transfer coefficient W/K.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Heat Transfer Coefficient}\label{field-source-side-heat-transfer-coefficient-1-000}

This numeric field contains Estimated parameter source side heat transfer coefficient W/K.

\paragraph{Field: Piston Displacement}\label{field-piston-displacement-1}

This numeric field contains the Estimated parameter displacement of the reciprocating compressor in m3/s.

\paragraph{Field: Compressor Clearance Factor}\label{field-compressor-clearance-factor-1-000}

This numeric field contains the Estimated parameter clearance factor of the reciprocating compressor.

\paragraph{Field: Compressor Suction and Discharge Pressure Drop}\label{field-compressor-suction-and-discharge-pressure-drop-1}

This numeric field contains the estimated parameter the pressure drop at compressor suction and discharge in Pascals (N/m2).

\paragraph{Field: Superheating}\label{field-superheating-1}

This numeric field contains the estimated parameter superheat at the evaporator outlet in $^\circ$C.

\paragraph{Field: Constant Part of Electromechanical Power Losses}\label{field-constant-part-of-electromechanical-power-losses-1}

This numeric field contains the estimated parameter power loss, which accounts for the loss of work due mechanical and electrical losses in the compressor in Watts.

\paragraph{Field: Loss Factor}\label{field-loss-factor-1}

This numeric field contains the factor of electromechanical loss that is proportional to the theoretical power percentage.

\paragraph{Field: High Pressure Cut Off}\label{field-high-pressure-cut-off-1}

This numeric field contains the design pressure limit of the compressor in Pascals (N/m2).

\paragraph{Field: Low Pressure Cut Off}\label{field-low-pressure-cut-off-1}

This numeric field contains the design low-pressure limit of the compressor in Pascals (N/m2).

An idf example:

\begin{lstlisting}
HeatPump:WaterToWater:ParameterEstimation:Heating,
  GshpHeating,                !- Water to Water Heat Pump Name
  GshpHeating SourceSide Inlet Node,  !- Source Side Inlet Node
  GshpHeating SourceSide Outlet Node,  !- Source Side Outlet Node
  GshpHeating LoadSide Inlet Node,  !- Load Side Inlet Node
  GshpHeating LoadSide Outlet Node,  !- Load Side Outlet Node
  3.5,                        !- Nominal COP
  50000,                      !- Nominal Capacity {W}
  0.0,                        !- Min PLR
  1,                          !- Max PLR
  1,                          !- optimum PLR
  .003,                       !- Load side Flow Rate {m3/s}
  .003,                       !- Source Side Flow Rate {m3/s}
  7761,                       !- Load side Heat Transfer Coefficient {W/K}
  3998,                       !- Source Side Heat Transfer Coefficient {W/K}
  .012544,                    !- Piston Displacement {m3/s}
  .05469,                     !- Compressor Clearance Factor %
  92156.2,                    !- Compressor Suction And Discharge Pressure Drop {Pa}
  4.8907,                     !- Superheating {C}
  2803.9,                     !- Constant Part Of Electro Mechanical Power Losses {W}
  .699,                       !- Loss Factor
  0.0,                        !- High Pressure Cut off {Pa}
  0.0;                        !- LowPressure Cut off {Pa}
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-13-003}

This section describes the outputs available for the water to water heat pump, parameter estimation model; both cooling and heating.

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Heat Pump Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Side Outlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Side Inlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Source Side Outlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Source Side Inlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Side Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Source Side Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

\paragraph{Heat Pump Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-electric-power-w-1}

This output variable represents the compressor power required to run the heat pump. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-electric-energy-j-1}

This output variable represents the cumulative energy used by the compressor. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are summed across the reporting period.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-load-side-heat-transfer-rate-w-1}

This output variable represents the heat transfer across the load side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-load-side-heat-transfer-energy-j-1}

This output variable represents the cumulative heat transfer across the load side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are summed across the reporting period.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-source-side-heat-transfer-rate-w-1}

This output variable represents the heat transfer across the source side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-source-side-heat-transfer-energy-j-1}

This output variable represents the cumulative heat transfer across the source side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are summed across the reporting period.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-load-side-outlet-temperature-c-1}

This output variable represents the average fluid temperature leaving the load side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-load-side-inlet-temperature-c-1}

This output variable represents the average fluid temperature entering the load side coil.~ The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-source-side-outlet-temperature-c-1}

This output variable represents the average fluid temperature leaving the source side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-source-side-inlet-temperature-c-1}

This output variable represents the average fluid temperature entering the source side coil.~ The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-load-side-mass-flow-rate-kgs-1}

This output variable represents the average fluid flow rate through the load side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{water-to-water-heat-pump-source-side-mass-flow-rate-kgs-1}

This output variable represents the average fluid flow rate through the source side coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.


\subsection{HeatPump:PlantLoop:EIR:Cooling}\label{plhp_eir_cooling}

The EIR-formulated cooling model objects are described.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the cooling side of the heat pump.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Inlet Node Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_load_inlet_node}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's load side inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Outlet Node Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_load_outlet_node}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's load side outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Type}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_condenser_type}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's condenser type. Acceptable inputs are ``WaterSource'' or ``AirSource''.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Inlet Node Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_source_inlet_node}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's source side inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Outlet Node Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_source_outlet_node}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's source side outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_heat_recovery_inlet_node}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's heat recovery inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_heat_recovery_outlet_node}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's heat recovery outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Companion Heat Pump Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_companion_name}

This optional alpha field contains the name of a companion heat pump object. The current coolling object is expected to include the paired heating object. The companion is used for sizing if plant sizing data is unavailable, and during the simulation to ensure that any unexpected simultaneous operation of the two objects provides a warning to the user.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Reference Flow Rate}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_load_side_flow}

This autosizable field defines the reference load side flow rate for the heat pump. This field is used as the nominal flow request for this heat pump unit during the simulation. The units for this field are [m3/s].

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Reference Flow Rate}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_source_side_flow}

This autosizable field defines the reference source side side flow rate for the heat pump. This field is used as the nominal flow request for this heat pump unit during the simulation. The units for this field are [m3/s].

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Reference Flow Rate}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_heat_recovery_flow}

This autosizable field defines the heat recovery reference flow rate for the heat pump. This field is used as the nominal heat recovery flow request for this heat pump unit during the simulation. The units for this field is[m3/s].

\paragraph{Field: Reference Capacity}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_reference_capacity}

This autosizable field defines the reference load side cooling capacity for the heat pump. The units for this field are [W].

\paragraph{Field: Reference Coefficient of Performance}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_reference_cop}

This field contains the reference COP for this unit, which is used when calculating the power required for the heat pump under simulation conditions. The COP is defined as the load side energy transfer divided by the power input, with dimensionless units of [W/W].

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_sizing_factor}

This field allows the user to scale the sizing of this unit compared to the plant-determined autosized flow and capacity.

\paragraph{Field: Capacity Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_capft}

This field is the name of a bivariate curve or table that defines an available capacity modifier of the unit as a function of the load side outlet temperature and the source side inlet temperature. The temperatures are in degrees Celsius when used in the function and the output of the function is multiplied by the reference capacity to get a current available capacity.

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Output Ratio Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_eirft}

This field is the name of a bivariate curve or table that defines an EIR (1/COP) modifier as a function of the load side outlet temperature and the source side inlet temperature. The temperatures are in degrees Celsius when used in the function. The output of this function and the output of the EIR Modifier Function of PLR are multiplied by the reference EIR to get a current EIR .

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Output Ratio Modifier Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_eirfplr}

This field is the name of a univariate curve or table that defines an EIR modifier as a function of the current part load ratio. The output of this function and the output of the EIR Modifier Function of Temperature are multiplied by the reference EIR to get a current EIR .

\paragraph{Field: Control Type}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_control_type}

This optional choice field allows the user to choose between Load and Setpoint control. The default value is Load control.

\paragraph{Field: Flow Mode}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_flow_mode}

This optional choice field allows the user to choose between ConstantFlow and VariableSpeedPumping. The default value is ConstantFlow. When the plant is served by variable speed pumps the water flow through this equipment will vary.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_minimum_part_load_ratio}

This optional numeric field specifies the minimum operating part load ratio. Below this value the compressor will cycle proportionally to the load. The default value is 0.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Source Inlet Temperature}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_minimum_source_inlet_temperature}

This optional numeric field specifies the minimum entering air or water temperature at the source inlet node. Below this value the compressor will be off. The default value is -100.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Source Inlet Temperature}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_maximum_source_inlet_temperature}

This optional numeric field specifies the maximum entering air or water temperature at the source inlet node. Above this value the compressor will be off. The default value is 100.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Supply Water Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_minimum_supply_water_temperature_curve_name}

This optional alpha field specifies the name of a univariate curve or table that defines the minimum supply water temperature.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Supply Water Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_maximum_supply_water_temperature_curve_name}

This optional alpha field specifies the name of a univariate curve or table that defines the maximum supply water temperature.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Heat Recovery Outlet Temperature}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_maximum_heat_recovery_outlet_temperature}

This optional numeric field specifies the maximum leaving water temperature at the heat recovery outlet node. The hot water temperature is not allowed to exceed this value. The default value is 60. The units for this field are [C]. If the heat recovery coil entering hot water temperature is at or exceeds this temperature limit, the heat recovery operation is disabled, and the heat pump operates in cooling-only mode.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Capacity Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_heat_recovery_capft}

This field is the name of a bivariate curve or table that defines an available capacity modifier of the unit as a function of the load side outlet temperature and the heat recovery side inlet temperature. The temperatures are in degrees Celsius when used in the function and the output of the function is multiplied by the reference capacity to get a current available capacity when the unit is operating in heat recovery mode.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Electric Input to Output Ratio Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_cooling_inputs_heat_recovery_eirft}

This field is the name of a bivariate curve or table that defines an EIR (1/COP) modifier as a function of the load side outlet temperature and the heat recovery side inlet temperature. The temperatures are in degrees Celsius when used in the function. The output of this function and the output of the EIR Modifier Function of PLR are multiplied by the reference EIR to get a current EIR when the unit is operating in heat recovery mode.

\paragraph{Field: Thermosiphon Capacity Fraction Curve Name}\label{thermosiphon-capacity-fraction-curve-name5}

This optional field allows specification of a user-defined performance curve which defines the fraction of capacity available through refrigerant thermosiphoning when the condenser inlet temperature is lower than the evaporator outlet temperature. When this fraction is less than or equal to the chiller part-load ratio the load may be met by refrigerant thermosiphoning. During this time the chiller power is 0 W and the Thermosiphon Status flag is set to 1.

\begin{equation}
    ThermosiphonCapacityFraction = {C_1} + {C_2}{\Delta_{temp}}
\end{equation}

Where the Delta Temperature is defined as:

\begin{equation}
{\Delta_{{\rm{Temp}}}}
    = {\rm{TempEvapOut  -  TempCondIn }}
\end{equation}

\paragraph{Field: Thermosiphon Minimum Temperature Difference}\label{thermosiphon-minimum-temperature-difference5}

This optional input field specifies the minimum temperature difference to activate refrigerant thermosiphoning. If the temperature difference described above is less than this value refrigerant thermosiphoning is disabled. If this field is blank the default value is 0 C.

\subsection{HeatPump:PlantLoop:EIR:Heating}\label{plhp_eir_heating}

The EIR-formulated heating model objects are described.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the heating side of the heat pump.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Inlet Node Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_load_inlet_node}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's load side inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Outlet Node Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_load_outlet_node}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's load side outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Condenser Type}\label{plhp_eir_condenser_type}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's condenser type. Acceptable inputs are ``WaterSource'' or ``AirSource''.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Inlet Node Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_source_inlet_node}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's source side inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Outlet Node Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_source_outlet_node}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's source side outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_heat_recovery_inlet_node}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's heat recovery inlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_heat_recovery_outlet_node}

This alpha field contains the heat pump's heat recovery outlet node name.

\paragraph{Field: Companion Heat Pump Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_companion_name}

This optional alpha field contains the name of a companion heat pump object. The current heatling object is expected to include the paired cooling object. The companion is used for sizing if plant sizing data is unavailable, and during the simulation to ensure that any unexpected simultaneous operation of the two objects provides a warning to the user.

\paragraph{Field: Load Side Reference Flow Rate}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_load_side_flow}

This autosizable field defines the reference load side flow rate for the heat pump. This field is used as the nominal flow request for this heat pump unit during the simulation. The units for this field are [m3/s].

\paragraph{Field: Source Side Reference Flow Rate}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_source_side_flow}

This autosizable field defines the reference source side side flow rate for the heat pump. This field is used as the nominal flow request for this heat pump unit during the simulation. The units for this field are [m3/s].

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Reference Flow Rate}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_heat_recovery_flow}

This autosizable field defines the heat recovery reference flow rate for the heat pump. This field is used as the nominal heat recovery flow request for this heat pump unit during the simulation. The units for this field is [m3/s].

\paragraph{Field: Reference Capacity}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_reference_capacity}

This autosizable field defines the reference load side heating capacity for the heat pump. The units for this field are [W].

\paragraph{Field: Reference Coefficient of Performance}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_reference_cop}

This field contains the reference COP for this unit, which is used when calculating the power required for the heat pump under simulation conditions. The COP is defined as the load side energy transfer divided by the power input, with dimensionless units of [W/W].

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_sizing_factor}

This field allows the user to scale the sizing of this unit compared to the plant-determined autosized flow and heat capacity.

\paragraph{Field: Capacity Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_capft}

This field is the name of a bivariate curve or table that defines an available capacity modifier of the unit as a function of the load side outlet temperature and the source side inlet temperature. The temperatures are in degrees Celsius when used in the function and the output of the function is multiplied by the reference capacity to get a current available capacity.

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Output Ratio Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_eirft}

This field is the name of a bivariate curve or table that defines an EIR (1/COP) modifier as a function of the load side outlet temperature and the source side inlet temperature. The temperatures are in degrees Celsius when used in the function. The output of this function and the output of the EIR Modifier Function of PLR are multiplied by the reference EIR to get a current EIR .

\paragraph{Field: Electric Input to Output Ratio Modifier Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_eirfplr}

This field is the name of a univariate curve or table that defines an EIR modifier as a function of the current part load ratio. The output of this function and the output of the EIR Modifier Function of Temperature are multiplied by the reference EIR to get a current EIR .

\paragraph{Field: Heating To Cooling Capacity Sizing Ratio}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_heating_to_cooling_capacity_sizing_ratio}

This optional numeric field allows the user to choose a multiplier to size the Heating version of this object. The default value is 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Pump Sizing Method}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_heat_pump_sizing_method}

This optional choice field specifies whether the heat pump is sized based on the cooling plant load, the heating plant load, or the larger of these values. Valid choices are CoolingCapacity, HeatingCapacity or GreaterOfHeatingOrCooling. The default value is CoolingCapacity.

\paragraph{Field: Control Type}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_control_type}

This optional choice field allows the user to choose between Load and Setpoint control. The default value is Load control.

\paragraph{Field: Flow Mode}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_flow_mode}

This optional choice field allows the user to choose between ConstantFlow and VariableSpeedPumping. The default value is ConstantFlow. When the plant is served by variable speed pumps the water flow through this equipment will vary.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_minimum_part_load_ratio}

This optional numeric field specifies the minimum operating part load ratio. Below this value the compressor will cycle proportionally to the load. The default value is 0.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Source Inlet Temperature}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_minimum_source_inlet_temperature}

This optional numeric field specifies the minimum entering air or water temperature at the source inlet node. Below this value the compressor will be off. The default value is -100.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Source Inlet Temperature}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_maximum_source_inlet_temperature}

This optional numeric field specifies the maximum entering air or water temperature at the source inlet node. Above this value the compressor will be off. The default value is 100.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Supply Water Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_minimum_supply_water_temperature_curve_name}

This optional alpha field specifies the name of a univariate curve or table that defines the minimum supply water temperature.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Supply Water Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_maximum_supply_water_temperature_curve_name}

This optional alpha field specifies the name of a univariate curve or table that defines the maximum supply water temperature.

\paragraph{Field: Dry Outdoor Correction Factor Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_dry_outdoor_correction_factor_curve_name}

This optional alpha field specifies the name of a univariate curve or table that defines the heating capacity adjustment when outdoor air moisture content is low. Since latent load at the condenser will increase heating capacity, this curve allows modeling of that specific performance impact.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Outdoor Dry Bulb Temperature For Defrost Operation}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_max_oat_for_defrost_operation}

This optional numeric field allows the user to choose the maximum temperature where defrost will occur. The default value is 10.0. Defrost operation will not be active above this outdoor temperature.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Pump Defrost Control}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_heat_pump_defrost_control}

This optional choice field specifies the defrost model as None, Timed, OnDemand, or TimedEmpirical. A blank field defaults to None.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Pump Defrost Time Period Fraction}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_heat_pump_defrost_time_period_fraction}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify the nominal defrost time in hours when Timed or TimedEmpirical defrost control methods are chosen in the previous input field. The default value is 0.058333 (5 minutes). The time that defrost operation is active will be adjusted based on outdoor weather.

\paragraph{Field: Defrost Energy Input Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_defrost_eir_function_temp_curve_name}

This optional alpha field specifies the name of a bivariate curve or table that defines the defrost energy based on outdoor air moisture content. This curve is used only when Timed or OnDemand defrost control is selected.

\paragraph{Field: Timed Empirical Defrost Frequency Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_timed_empirical_defrost_frequency_curve_name}

This optional alpha field specifies the name of a univariate curve or table that defines the frequency of defrost based on outdoor temperature. This curve is used only when TimedEmpirical defrost control is selected.

\paragraph{Field: Timed Empirical Defrost Heat Load Penalty Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_timed_empirical_defrost_heat_load_curve_name}

This optional alpha field specifies the name of a univariate or bivariant curve or table that defines the heating penalty of defrost based on outdoor conditions. This curve is used only when TimedEmpirical defrost control is selected.

\paragraph{Field: Timed Empirical Defrost Heat Input Energy Fraction Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_timed_empirical_defrost_heat_energy_fraction_curve_name}

This optional alpha field specifies the name of a univariate or bivariant curve or table that defines the heating energy fraction of defrost based on outdoor conditions. This curve is used only when TimedEmpirical defrost control is selected.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Heat Recovery Outlet Temperature}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_minimum_heat_recovery_outlet_temperature}

This optional numeric field specifies the minimum leaving water temperature at the heat recovery outlet node. The chilled water temperature is not allowed to drop below this value. The default value is 4.5. The units for this field is [C]. If the chilled water recovery coil entering water temperature is at or below this temperature limit, the heat recovery operation is disabled, and the heat pump operates in heating-only mode.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Capacity Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_heat_recovery_capft}

This field is the name of a bivariate curve or table that defines an available capacity modifier of the unit as a function of the load side outlet temperature and the heat recovery side inlet temperature. The temperatures are in degrees Celsius when used in the function and the output of the function is multiplied by the reference capacity to get a current available capacity when the unit is operating in heat recovery mode.

\paragraph{Field: Heat Recovery Electric Input to Output Ratio Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{plhp_eir_heating_inputs_heat_recovery_eirft}

This field is the name of a bivariate curve or table that defines an EIR (1/COP) modifier as a function of the load side outlet temperature and the heat recovery side inlet temperature. The temperatures are in degrees Celsius when used in the function. The output of this function and the output of the EIR Modifier Function of PLR are multiplied by the reference EIR to get a current EIR when the unit is operating in heat recovery mode.

\begin{lstlisting}
HeatPump:PlantLoop:EIR:Heating,
  Heating Coil,               !- Name
  Heating Coil Load Loop Intermediate Node,  !- Load Side Inlet Node Name
  Heating Coil Load Loop Supply Outlet Node,  !- Load Side Outlet Node Name
  WaterSource,                !- Condenser Type
  Condenser Loop Demand Inlet Node,  !- Source Side Inlet Node Name
  Condenser Loop Demand Intermediate Node,  !- Source Side Outlet Node Name
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name
  Cooling Coil,               !- Companion Heat Pump Name
  0.005,                      !- Load Side Design Volume Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.002,                      !- Source Side Design Volume Flow Rate {m3/s}
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Reference Flow Rate
  80000,                      !- Reference Capacity
  3.5,                        !- Reference COP
  ,                           !- Sizing Factor
  CapCurveFuncTemp,           !- Heating Capacity Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name
  EIRCurveFuncTemp,           !- Electric Input to Heating Output Ratio Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name
  EIRCurveFuncPLR;            !- Electric Input to Heating Output Ratio Modifier Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name

HeatPump:WaterToWater:EIR:Cooling,
  Cooling Coil,               !- Name
  Cooling Coil Load Loop Intermediate Node,  !- Load Side Inlet Node Name
  Cooling Coil Load Loop Supply Outlet Node,  !- Load Side Outlet Node Name
  WaterSource,                !- Condenser Type
  Condenser Loop Demand Intermediate Node,  !- Source Side Inlet Node Name
  Condenser Loop Demand Outlet Node,  !- Source Side Outlet Node Name
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name
  Heating Coil,               !- Companion Heat Pump Name
  0.005,                      !- Load Side Design Volume Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.003,                      !- Source Side Design Volume Flow Rate {m3/s}
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Reference Flow Rate
  75000,                      !- Reference Capacity
  4.0,                        !- Reference COP
  ,                           !- Sizing Factor
  CapCurveFuncTemp2,          !- Heating Capacity Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name
  EIRCurveFuncTemp2,          !- Electric Input to Heating Output Ratio Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name
  EIRCurveFuncPLR2;           !- Electric Input to Heating Output Ratio Modifier Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name
\end{lstlisting}

An idf example for an air-source application:

\begin{lstlisting}
HeatPump:PlantLoop:EIR:Heating,
  Heating Coil,               !- Name
  Heating Coil Load Loop Intermediate Node,  !- Load Side Inlet Node Name
  Heating Coil Load Loop Supply Outlet Node,  !- Load Side Outlet Node Name
  AirSource,                  !- Condenser Type
  Outdoor Air HP Inlet Node,  !- Source Side Inlet Node Name
  Outdoor Air HP Outlet Node, !- Source Side Outlet Node Name
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name
  Cooling Coil,               !- Companion Heat Pump Name
  0.005,                      !- Load Side Design Volume Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.002,                      !- Source Side Design Volume Flow Rate {m3/s}
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Reference Flow Rate
  80000,                      !- Reference Capacity
  3.5,                        !- Reference COP
  ,                           !- Sizing Factor
  CapCurveFuncTemp,           !- Heating Capacity Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name
  EIRCurveFuncTemp,           !- Electric Input to Heating Output Ratio Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name
  EIRCurveFuncPLR;            !- Electric Input to Heating Output Ratio Modifier Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name

HeatPump:WaterToWater:EIR:Cooling,
  Cooling Coil,               !- Name
  Cooling Coil Load Loop Intermediate Node,  !- Load Side Inlet Node Name
  Cooling Coil Load Loop Supply Outlet Node,  !- Load Side Outlet Node Name
  AirSource,                  !- Condenser Type
  Outdoor Air HP Inlet Node,  !- Source Side Inlet Node Name
  Outdoor Air HP Outlet Node, !- Source Side Outlet Node Name
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Inlet Node Name
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Outlet Node Name
  Heating Coil,               !- Companion Heat Pump Name
  0.005,                      !- Load Side Design Volume Flow Rate {m3/s}
  0.003,                      !- Source Side Design Volume Flow Rate {m3/s}
  ,                           !- Heat Recovery Reference Flow Rate
  75000,                      !- Reference Capacity
  4.0,                        !- Reference COP
  ,                           !- Sizing Factor
  CapCurveFuncTemp2,          !- Heating Capacity Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name
  EIRCurveFuncTemp2,          !- Electric Input to Heating Output Ratio Modifier Function of Temperature Curve Name
  EIRCurveFuncPLR2;           !- Electric Input to Heating Output Ratio Modifier Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{plhp_eir_outputs}

This section describes the outputs available for the water to water heat pump, equation fit model; both cooling and heating.

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Part Load Ratio  {[}{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Cycling Ratio  {[}{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Heat Pump Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Side Inlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Side Outlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Source Side Inlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Source Side Outlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Side Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Source Side Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Heat Pump Heat Recovery Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Heat Recovery Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Heat Recovery Outlet Temperaturee {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Heat Recovery Inlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Heat Recovery Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Heat Recovery Operation Status {[}{]}
\end{itemize}

Outputs specific to HeatPump:PlantLoop:EIR:Cooling

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Thermosiphon Status  {[}{]}
\end{itemize}

Outputs specific to HeatPump:PlantLoop:EIR:Heating

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Load Due To Defrost  {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Fractional Defrost Time  {[}hr{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Defrost Electricity Rate  {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Heat Pump Defrost Electricity Energy  {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}


\paragraph{Heat Pump Part Load Ratio {[}{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_part_load_ratio}

This output variable represents the average load ratio of load met to heat pump operating capacity during the specified reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Cycling Ratio {[}{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_cycling_ratio}

This output variable represents the average cycling ratio of heat pump below the minimum operating part load ratio during the specified reporting window. When operating below the minimum part load ratio the heat pump will cycle on and off to meet the load.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_power_usage}

This output variable represents the average power usage of this coil during the specified reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_energy_usage}

This output variable represents the summed energy usage of the heat pump over a specified reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_q_load}

This output variable represents the average load side heat transfer during the specified output reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_q_load_sum}

This output variable represents the summed load side heat transfer during the specified output reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_q_source}

This output variable represents the average source side heat transfer occurring for this coil during the specified output reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_q_src_sum}

This output variable represents the summed source side heat transfer during the specified output reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Inlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_t_load_in}

This output variable represents the inlet temperature on the load side connection of this coil.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Outlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_t_load_out}

This output variable represents the outlet temperature on the load side connection of this coil.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Inlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_t_source_in}

This output variable represents the inlet temperature on the source side connection of this coil.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Outlet Temperature {[}$^\circ$C{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_t_source_out}

This output variable represents the outlet temperature on the source side connection of this coil.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_load_flow}

This output variable represents the average load side mass flow rate during the specified reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_src_flow}

This output variable represents the average source side mass flow rate during the specified reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Due To Defrost {[}W{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_load_due_to_defrost}

This output variable represents the average defrost load in watts during the specified reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Fractional Defrost Time {[}hr{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_fractional_defrost_time}

This output variable represents the average defrost time in hours during the specified reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Defrost Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_defrost_electric_rate}

This output variable represents the average defrost electricity rate in watts during the specified reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Defrost Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{plhp_eir_outputs_defrost_electric_energy}

This output variable represents the average defrost electricity energy in joules during the specified reporting window.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Heat Recovery Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{air-to-water-heat-pump-heat-recovery-heat-transfer-energy-j}

This output variable represents the cumulative heat transfer across the heat recovery coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are summed across the reporting period.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Heat Recovery Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}}\label{air-to-water-heat-pump-heat-recovery-heat-transfer-rate-w}

This output variable represents the heat transfer across the heat recovery coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Heat Recovery Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{air-to-water-heat-pump-heat-recovery-outlet-temperature-c}

This output variable represents the average fluid temperature leaving the heat recovery coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{air-to-water-heat-pump-source-side-inlet-temperature-c}

This output variable represents the average fluid temperature entering the heat recovery coil.~ The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Heat Recovery Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{air-to-water-heat-pump-heat-recovery-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

This output variable represents the average fluid flow rate through the heat recovery coil. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported.

\paragraph{Heat Pump Heat Recovery Operation Status {[}{]}}\label{air-to-water-heat-pump-heat-recovery-operating-status}

This output variable represents the average operating status of heat recovery operation. The values are calculated for each HVAC system time step being simulated, and the results are averaged for the time step being reported. 0 means the heat recovery operation is off or disabled, 1 means the heat recovery operation is active.


\subsection{HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating (and Cooling)}\label{plhp_fuelfired}

HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating is a gas-fired (or fuel fired) air-to-water absorption heat pump that can be used for space heating and domestic hot water.

\subsubsection{Inputs}

The HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating will take the following input fields:

\paragraph{Field: Name}
The name of the gas-fired (fuel-fired) absorption heat pump system.

\paragraph{Field: Water Inlet Node Name}

The name of the water inlet node connection. For the heating mode, this will be likely the incoming DHW water node. For the cooling mode, this will be the chilled water inlet node.

Note that here the ``water'' does not have to be literally mean ``water''. Rather it is the working fluid in the connected water side plant loop, which is can be some kind of glycol-water solution as well.

\paragraph{Field: Water Outlet Node Name}
The name of the water outlet node connection. For the heating mode, this will be likely the supply DHW water node. For the cooling mode, this will be the supply chilled water outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Air Source Node Name}
The name of the air source node for the heat pump, for either the heating mode or the cooling mode. This should be an outdoor air node.

\paragraph{Field: Companion Cooling Heat Pump Name}

This optional name field allows the user to specify the companion cooling water to water heat pump for this heating component. This should be the name of an HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling object defined elsewhere in the input file. Because the cooling and heating models are often intended to represent separate operating modes of one single reversible heat pump, it is useful to identify the corresponding cooling heat pump input object by name. This is currently used with autosizing so that the sizing calculations can be coordinated so that the two companion heat pumps get the same design reference flow rates.

For HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling object, this field name will be ``Companion Heating Heat Pump Name'' instead.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Type}

This alpha field determines the type of fuel that the chiller uses. The default is NaturalGas. Valid values are NaturalGas, Propane, Diesel, Gasoline, FuelOilNo1, FuelOilNo2, OtherFuel1, OtherFuel2.

\paragraph{Field: End-Use Subcategory}

This the end-use subcategory of the fuel usage.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Heating Capacity}

The nominal heating capacity in [W].

For the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling object, this field name is ``Nominal Cooling Capacity''.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal COP}

The nominal COP (Coefficient of Performance) in [W/W], which is the fuel based COP of the heat pump in the rating conditions. This is a require-field. The default value is set to 1.0 in case the input filed is accidentally left blank.

For the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating object, this is the fuel based nominal heating COP; and for the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling object, this is the fuel based nominal cooling COP.

\paragraph{Field: Design Flow Rate}

The volumetric design flow rate of the water side in [m3/s].

\paragraph{Field: Design Supply Temperature}

The design supply temperature on the water side in degree [C]. For the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating object, the default value is 60$^\circ$C. For the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling object, the default value is 7.0$^\circ$C.

\paragraph{Field: Design Temperature Lift}

The design temperature difference between the outlet water node and the inlet water node, in degree [C]. The default value is 11.1$^\circ$C. For the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating object, this is a temperature rise; and for HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling object, this is a temperature drop.

\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The sizing factor is used when the component design inputs are autosized: the autosizing calculations are performed as usual and the results are multiplied by the sizing factor. For this component the inputs that would be altered by the sizing factor are: Nominal Capacity and Design Flow Rate. Sizing factor allows the user to size a component to meet part of the design load while continuing to use the autosizing feature.

\paragraph{Field: Flow Mode}

This choice field determines how the gas-fired absorption heat pump operates with respect to the intended fluid flow through the device. There are three different choices for specifying operating modes for the intended flow behavior: ``NotModulated'', ``ConstantFlow'', and ``LeavingSetpointModulated''. \emph{NotModulated} is useful for either variable or constant speed pumping arrangements where the boiler is passive in the sense that although it makes a nominal request for its design flow rate it can operate at varying flow rates. \emph{ConstantFlow} is useful for constant speed pumping arrangements where the heat pump's request for flow is more strict and can increase the overall loop flow. \emph{LeavingSetpointModulated} changes the heat pump model to internally vary the flow rate so that the temperature leaving the heat pump matches a setpoint. In all cases the operation of the external plant system can also impact the flow through the heat pump---for example if the relative sizes and operation are such that flow is restricted and the requests cannot be met. The default, if not specified, is \emph{NotModulated}.

\paragraph{Field: Outdoor Air Temperature Curve Input Variable}

This field sets the first independent variable in the three temperature dependent performance curves to either the outdoor air drybulb or wetbulb temperature. Manufacturers express the performance of their heat pumps using either the outdoor air drybulb temperature or the outdoor air wetbulb air temperature. Valid choices for this field are: ``Drybulb'' or ``Wetbulb''. It is important that the performance curves and this field are consistent with each other. The default is \emph{Drybulb}.

\paragraph{Field: Water Temperature Curve Input Variable}

This field sets the second independent variable in the three temperature dependent performance curves to either the leaving or entering condenser water temperature. Manufacturers express the performance of their heat pumps using either the leaving condenser water temperature or the entering condenser water temperature. Valid choices for this field are: ``LeavingCondenser'' or ``EnteringCondenser''. It is important that the performance curves and this field are consistent with each other. The default is \emph{EnteringCondenser}.

For HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling object, the choices for this field should be the ``LeavingEvaporator'' and ``EnteringEvaporator''.

\paragraph{Field: Normalized Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name}

This field is the curve name of the normalized capacity function of the two independent temperature variables. The maximum capacity is adjusted from the rated conditions, and represents what the actual capacity the heat pump can achieve under the outdoor air temperature (either drybulb or wetbulb depending on the previous input field choice), and the water temperature (either leaving condenser/evaporator or entering condenser/evaporator depending on the previous input field choice).

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Energy Input Ratio Function of Temperature Curve name}

The field is curve name for the fuel energy input ratio as a function of the two independent temperature values (air and water). It is the ratio of fuel consumption rate compared to the actual heating/cooling rate of the heat pump.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Energy Input Ratio Function of PLR Curve Name}

The field is curve name for the fuel energy input ratio as a function of the Part Load Ratio (PLR). It is the ratio of fuel consumption rate compared to the actual heating/cooling rate of the heat pump.

\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio}

A positive fraction that represents the minimum heating output possible when operated continually at partial load conditions divided by the available heating capacity at those same conditions. The default is 0.1.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Part Load Ratio}

A positive fraction that represents the maximum heating output possible when operated continually at rated temperature conditions divided by the available heating capacity at those same conditions. If greater than 1.0, the equipment is typically thought of as capable of being overloaded. The default is 1.0.

\paragraph{Field: Defrost Control Type}

The defrost control type. There are two options for this input: \emph{Timed}, or \emph{OnDemand}. The \emph{Timed} option will use a fraction of time per hour to account for the defrost action. The \emph{OnDemand} option will work when the outdoor air temperature drops to a certain point. The default choice is \emph{OnDemand}.

Currently, the \emph{Timed} option is to be used with an electric resistive defrost heater only (see Field: Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity). the \emph{OnDemand} option is used with fuel resources and the defrost EIR curve is used for the fuel energy adjustment.

This field applies to the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating object only. It does not apply to the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling object.

\paragraph{Field: Fuel Energy Input Ratio Defrost Adjustment Curve name}

This is a normalized curve that would adjust the fuel energy input ratio taken into consideration of the defrost operation. The EIR (Energy Input Ratio) adjustment is a function of the outdoor air temperature---the temperature that the condenser is exposed to.

This field applies to the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating object only. It does not apply to the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling object.

\paragraph{Field: Defrost Operation Time Fraction}

The fraction of the defrost time to the total operation time. The value should be in between 0.0 and 1.0 (inclusive). The default value is 0.0.

This field applies to the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating object only. It does not apply to the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling object.

\paragraph{Field: Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity}

This numeric field defines the capacity of the resistive defrost heating element in Watts. This input field is used only when the selected defrost control is ``Timed''. The value for this input field must be greater than or equal to 0.0. If the input field is left blank, the default value is 0.0.

This field applies to the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating object only. It does not apply to the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling object.

\paragraph{Field: Maximum Outdoor Dry-bulb Temperature for Defrost Operation}

The maximum outdoor air dry-bulb temperature in degree Celsius that the defrost operation will be turned on. When the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature rises above this temperature, the will be no defrost operation. The maximum value for this value is 10$^\circ$C. The default value is 5$^\circ$C.

This field applies to the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating object only. It does not apply to the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Cooling object.

\paragraph{Field: Auxiliary Electric Energy Input Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name}

Auxiliary Electric EIRFT---Auxiliary Electric Energy Input Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name, which is a biquadratic curve or a lookup table which accounts for system internal fans, pumps, and electronics.

\paragraph{Field: Auxiliary Electric Energy Input Ratio Function of PLR Curve Name}

Auxiliary Electric EIRFPLR---Auxiliary Electric Energy Input Ratio Function of PLR (Part Load Ratio) Curve Name.

\paragraph{Field: Standby Electric Power}

The standby electric power, which typically include the power for the electronics control board power consumption in the standby mode. The minimum value is 0.0.

An example of the HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating input object is like this:

\begin{lstlisting}
HeatPump:AirToWater:FuelFired:Heating,
  AbsorptionHeatPumpName1,    !- Name
  Inlet_Node_Name,            !- Water Inlet Node Name
  Outlet_Node_Name,           !- Water Outlet Node Name
  Air_Source_Node_Name,       !- Air Source Node Name
  Companion_Cooling_Heat_Pump_Name,  !- Companion Cooling Heat Pump Name
  NaturalGas,                 !- Fuel Type
  General,                    !- End-Use Subcategory
  10000,                      !- Nominal Heating Capacity
  0.005,                      !- Design Flow Rate
  60,                         !- Design Supply Temperature
  11.1,                       !- Design Temperature Lift
  1.1,                        !- Sizing Factor
  NotModulated,               !- Flow Mode
  DryBulb,                    !- Outdoor Air Temperature Curve Input Variable
  EnteringCondenser,          !- Water Temperature Curve Input Variable
  CAPFT_CurveName,            !- Normalized Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name
  Fuel_EIRFT_CurveName,       !- Fuel Energy Input Ratio Function of Temperature Curve name
  Fuel_EIRFPLR_CurveName,     !- Fuel Energy Input Ratio Function of PLR Curve Name
  0.1,                        !- Minimum Part Load Ratio
  1,                          !- Maximum Part Load Ratio
  Fuel_EIRDefrost_CurveName,  !- Fuel Energy Input Ratio Defrost Adjustment Curve name
  OnDemand,                   !- Defrost Control Type
  ,                           !- Defrost operation time fraction
  ,                           !- Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity
  5,                          !- Maximum Outdoor Dry-bulb Temperature for Defrost Operation
  CRF_CurveName,              !- Cycling Ratio Factor Curve Name
  900,                        !- Nominal Auxiliary Electric Power
  Aux_Elec_EIRFT_CurveName,   !- Auxiliary Electric Energy Input Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name
  Aux_EIRPLR_CurveName,       !- Auxiliary Electric Energy Input Ratio Function of PLR Curve Name
  20;                         !- Standby Electric Power
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}

The output variables for the fuel-fired (or gas-fired) absorption heat pump system are:

\begin{itemize}
\item HVAC,average,Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Load Side Heat Transfer Rate [W]
\item HVAC,sum,Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Load Side Heat Transfer Energy [J]
\item HVAC,average,Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Fuel Rate [W]
\item HVAC,sum,Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Fuel Energy [J]
\item HVAC,average,Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Electricity Rate [W]
\item HVAC,sum,Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Electricity Energy [J]
\item HVAC,average,Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Mass Flow Rate [kg/s];
\item HVAC,average,Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Volumetric Flow Rate [m3/s];
\item HVAC,average,Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Inlet Temperature [C]
\item HVAC,average,Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Outlet Temperature [C]
\end{itemize}

\paragraph{Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Load Side Heat Transfer Rate [W]}
This is the load side heat transfer rate for the fuel-fired absorption heat pump. The value will be positive for the heating mode, and negative for the cooling mode.

\paragraph{Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Load Side Heating Transfer Energy [J]}
This is the accumulated value for the load side heat transfer energy for the fuel-fired absorption heat pump. The value will be positive for the heating mode, and negative for the cooling mode.

\paragraph{Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Fuel Rate [W]}
This is the fuel consumption rate in [W] of the fuel-fired absorption heat pump.

\paragraph{Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Fuel Energy [J]}
This is the accumulated fuel consumption in [J] of the fuel-fired absorption heat pump.

\paragraph{Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Electricity Rate [W]}
This is the electricity consumption rate in [W] of the fuel-fired absorption heat pump.

\paragraph{Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Electricity Energy [J]}
This is the accumulated electricity consumption in [J] of the fuel-fired absorption heat pump.

\paragraph{Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Mass Flow Rate [kg/s]}
This is the water side mass flow rate in [kg/s] of the fuel-fired absorption heat pump.

\paragraph{Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Volumetric Flow Rate [m3/s]}
This is the water side volumetric flow rate in [m3/s] of the fuel-fired absorption heat pump.

\paragraph{Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Inlet Temperature [C]}
This is the inlet water temperature of the fuel-fired absorption heat pump in degree [C].

\paragraph{Fuel-fired Absorption HeatPump Outlet Temperature [C]}
This is the outlet water temperature of the fuel-fired absorption heat pump in degree [C].

\subsection{HeatPump:AirToWater}\label{plhp_air_to_water}

The HeatPump:AirToWater object is an air-to-water heat pump that uses air as the
source side heat transfer fluid. This object can provide both heating and
cooling but not at the same time.

\subsubsection{Inputs}
\paragraph{Field: Name} The name of the air-to-water heat pump.

\paragraph{Field: Availability Schedule Name Heating} A schedule that defines the
availability of the unit in heating mode. Schedule values of 0 denote the unit
is off. All other values denote the unit is available. If this field is left
blank, the unit is available the entire simulation.
\paragraph{Field: Availability Schedule Name Cooling} Enter the name of a
schedule that defines the availability of the unit in cooling mode. Schedule
values of 0 denote the unit is off. All other values denote the unit is
available. If this field is left blank, the unit is available the entire
simulation.
\paragraph{Field: Operating Mode Control Method} There are three options,
ScheduledModes, EMSControlled, and Load.
\begin{itemize}
\item ScheduledModes: the operating mode is controlled by a schedule. The
schedule values are: 0 for off, positive integer k for k heating units being on,
negative integer -k for k cooling units being on.
\item EMSControlled: the operating mode is controlled by an Energy Management
System (EMS) program setting value in an actuator called ``Operating Mode''
defined for a HeatPump:AirToWater:Heating or HeatPump:AirToWater:Cooling. The
EMS program must set the operating mode to 0 for off, or an integer k for the
number of units on. When the value is k, k heating (if the actuator is HeatPump:AirToWater:Heating)
or cooling (if the actuator is HeatPump:AirToWater:Cooling) component will be on.
When the value is 0, the heating or cooling component will be off.
\item Load: the operating mode is determined by the load on the water side of
the heat pump. If the load is positive, the unit will operate in heating mode.
If the load is negative, the unit will operate in cooling mode. If the load is
zero, the unit will be off.
\end{itemize}
\paragraph{Field: Operating Mode Control Option for Multiple Unit}
This field describes the modular behavior of the AWHP, where a few units are
connected in parallel to supply larger capacity. This determines how many units
are in heating mode and how many are in cooling mode when the load is too large
to be met. The following four options are available. The default is SingleMode.
\begin{itemize}
    \item SingleMode: when the load is too large to be met by multiple heat pump
units, all units will operate in the same mode (either all cooling or all
heating).
    \item CoolingPriority: each unit will be staged one by one based on cooling
demand first, after all cooling demand is met, if there are remaining heat
pumps, they will be used to fulfill the remaining heating demand.
\item HeatingPriority: similar to CoolingPriority, but will prioritize to meet
  the heating demand first.
\item Balanced: it balances the available compressors between cooling and heating
  when both are needed, but not enough compressors are available to fully
  satisfy both. It splits the shortfall as evenly as possible between the two
  demands. For example, if 7 units are needed but only 4 are available, it will
  allocate 2 units to cooling and 2 units to heating.
\end{itemize}
\paragraph{Field: Operating Mode Control Schedule Name} This field is used if
the Operating Mode Control Method is set to ScheduledModes. Schedule values
control operating mode as follows: 0=off, -1=cooling, 1=heating when there's
only one unit (compressor multiplier is 1). When there are multiple units, the
schedule values are: 0=off, positive integer k=number of heating units on,
negative integer -k=number of cooling units on. Note that this only applies to
the case where all units are in the same heating/cooling mode.
\paragraph{Field: Rated Inlet Air Temperature in Heating Mode} This field is the
inlet air dry-bulb temperature corresponding to rated heat pump performance
(capacity, COP). The default value is 8$^\circ$C.
\paragraph{Field: Rated Air Flow Rate in Heating Mode} This field is the air
flow rate in m3/s corresponding to rated heat pump performance (capacity, COP).
The default value is autosize.
The autosize process first calculates the required heat transfer rate on the source
side, then assumes a 10C temperature difference, finally use the sensible heat
equation ($V = Q / (\rho \cdot Cp \cdot \Delta T)$) to solve for the volumetric flow rate.
\paragraph{Field: Rated Leaving Water Temperature in Heating Mode} This field is
the outlet water temperature corresponding to rated heat pump performance
(capacity, COP). The default value is 40$^\circ$C.
\paragraph{Field: Rated Water Flow Rate in Heating Mode} This field is the
condenser water flow rate corresponding to rated heat pump performance
(capacity, COP). The default value is autosize.
The autosized flow rate equals the plant loop design volume flow rate.
This value could be either user-specified or autosized based on peak load and design
temperature difference.
\paragraph{Field: Minimum Outdoor Air Temperature in Heating Mode} This field is
the minimum outdoor temperature allowed for heating operation. Default value is
-100$^\circ$C. Heating is disabled below this temperature.
\paragraph{Field: Maximum Outdoor Air Temperature in Heating Mode} This field is
the maximum outdoor temperature allowed for heating operation. Default value is
100$^\circ$C. Heating is disabled above this temperature.
\paragraph{Field: Minimum Leaving Water Temperature Curve Name in Heating Mode}
This optional alpha field specifies the name of a univariate curve or table that defines
the minimum leaving water temperature. When the air-water temperature combination is outside of
the operation boundary, the heat pump will not operate.
\paragraph{Field: Maximum Leaving Water Temperature Curve Name in Heating Mode}
This optional alpha field specifies the name of a univariate curve or table that defines
the maximum leaving water temperature. When the air-water temperature combination is outside of
the operation boundary, the heat pump will not operate.
\paragraph{Field: Minimum Part Load Ratio} This field is the minimum part load
ratio of the heat pump. The default value is 0.1. Below this operating limit,
compressor cycling will occur.
\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor for Heating} This field is a multiplier for the
autosized capacity and flow rates. The default value is 1.0.
\paragraph{Field: Rated Inlet Air Temperature in Cooling Mode} This field is the
inlet air dry-bulb temperature corresponding to rated heat pump performance
(capacity, COP). The default value is 30$^\circ$C.
\paragraph{Field: Rated Air Flow Rate in Cooling Mode} This field is the air
flow rate in m3/s corresponding to rated heat pump performance (capacity, COP).
The default value is autosize, which means the air flow rate will be autosized.
The autosize process first calculates the required heat transfer on the source
side, then assumes a 10C temperature difference, finally use the sensible heat
equation ($V = Q / (\rho \cdot Cp \cdot \Delta T)$) to solve for the volumetric flow rate.
\paragraph{Field: Rated Leaving Water Temperature in Cooling Mode} This field is
the outlet water temperature corresponding to rated heat pump performance
(capacity, COP). The default value is 8$^\circ$C.
\paragraph{Field: Rated Water Flow Rate in Cooling Mode} This field is the
condenser water flow rate corresponding to rated heat pump performance
(capacity, COP). The default value is autosize.
The autosized flow rate equals the plant loop design volume flow rate.
This value could be either user-specified or autosized based on peak load and design
temperature difference.
\paragraph{Field: Minimum Outdoor Air Temperature in Cooling Mode} This field is
the minimum outdoor temperature allowed for cooling operation. Default value is
-100$^\circ$C. Cooling is disabled below this temperature.
\paragraph{Field: Maximum Outdoor Air Temperature in Cooling Mode} This field is
the maximum outdoor temperature allowed for cooling operation. Default value is
100$^\circ$C. Cooling is disabled above this temperature.
\paragraph{Field: Minimum Leaving Water Temperature Curve Name in Cooling Mode}
This optional alpha field specifies the name of a univariate curve or table that defines
the minimum leaving water temperature. When the air-water temperature combination is outside of
the operation boundary, the heat pump will not operate.
\paragraph{Field: Maximum Leaving Water Temperature Curve Name in Cooling Mode}
This optional alpha field specifies the name of a univariate curve or table that defines
the maximum leaving water temperature. When the air-water temperature combination is outside of
the operation boundary, the heat pump will not operate.
\paragraph{Field: Sizing Factor for Cooling} This field is a multiplier for the
autosized capacity and flow rates. The default value is 1.0.
\paragraph{Field: Air Inlet Node Name} This field is the name of the node from
which the heat pump draws its inlet air.
\paragraph{Field: Air Outlet Node Name} This field is the name of the node to
which the heat pump sends its outlet air.
\paragraph{Field: Hot Water Inlet Node Name} This field is the name of the node
from which the heat pump draws water from a hot water loop.
\paragraph{Field: Hot Water Outlet Node Name} This field is the name of the node
to which the heat pump sends water to a hot water loop.
\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Inlet Node Name} This field is the name of the
node from which the heat pump draws water from a chilled water loop.
\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name} This field is the name of the
node to which the heat pump sends water to a chilled water loop.
\paragraph{Field: Maximum Outdoor Dry Bulb Temperature For Defrost Operation}
This field is the maximum outdoor temperature allowed for defrost operation.
Default value is 10$^\circ$C. Defrost operation will not be active above this
outdoor temperature.
\paragraph{Field: Heat Pump Defrost Control} This field is the defrost control
strategy for the heat pump. There are four options:
\begin{itemize} % (fixme: confirm)
    \item None: no defrost control is applied.
    \item Timed: defrost control is applied based on a fixed time period.
    \item OnDemand: defrost control is applied based on outdoor air temperature.
    \item TimedEmpirical: defrost control is applied based on empirical data.
\end{itemize} The default value is None.
More detailed descriptions of the defrost control are in the Engineering Reference
Section Modular Air to Water Heat Pumps sub-section Defrost control.
\paragraph{Field: Heat Pump Defrost Time Period Fraction} This field is the
fraction of time in defrost mode when the defrost control strategy is set to
Timed. The default value is 0.058333, which corresponds to 2 minutes per hour.
It is only applicable if timed defrost control is specified.
\paragraph{Field: Resistive Defrost Heater Capacity} This field is the capacity
of the resistive defrost heater in Watts. The default value is 0.0, which means
no resistive defrost heater is used. This field is only applicable if the
defrost control strategy is set to Timed.
\paragraph{Field: Defrost Energy Input Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name}
This optional alpha field specifies the name of a bivariate curve or table that
defines the defrost energy based on outdoor air moisture content. This curve is
used only when Timed or OnDemand defrost control is selected.
\paragraph{Field: Heat Pump Multiplier} This field specifies the number of heat
pumps being modeled. The value must be an integer greater than or equal to 1.
The default value is 1.0, which means only one heat pump is used. This input
field is used to model modular heat pumps where multiple heat pump units are
connected in parallel to provide larger heating/cooling capacity.
\paragraph{Field: Control Type} This field is the compressor control type for
the heat pump. There are two options:

\begin{itemize}
\item FixedSpeed: the compressor operates between several discrete speed levels.
\item VariableSpeed: the compressor operates at variable speed, where the heat
  pump can continuously adjust its speed.
\end{itemize}
The default value is VariableSpeed. In this model, we assume when the load is
below the lowest speed level, both the variable-speed and fixed-speed heat pumps
will cycle. When the load is between the two adjacent speed levels, the
variable-speed one will modulate; the fixed-speed one will operate at the higher
speed level part of the time and lower speed level the rest of the time. In the
reported ``Heat Pump Speed Level in Heating Mode'' and ``Heat Pump Speed Level
in Cooling Mode'', the fixed-speed heat pump will report an integer corresponding to
the higher speed level. The variable-speed one will report a fractional speed
level where the fraction is computed by interpolating the load between the capacities
at the two speed levels.
\paragraph{Field: Crankcase Heater Capacity} This field is the capacity of the
compressor crankcase heater in Watts. The default value is 0.0, which means no
crankcase heater is used. The compressor crankcase heater only operates when the
dry-bulb temperature of air surrounding the compressor is below the Maximum
Ambient Temperature for Crankcase Heater Operation and the heat pump is off. The
ambient temperature uses the outdoor air temperature.
\paragraph{Field: Crankcase Heater Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name}
A Curve:* or Table:Lookup object encoding the relationship between the crankcase
heater capacity and the outdoor air temperature. When this field is missing or
empty, constant crankcase heater capacity will be assumed.
\paragraph{Field: Maximum Ambient Temperature for Crankcase Heater Operation}
This field is the maximum outdoor air dry-bulb temperature in degree Celsius
below which the crankcase heater will be turned on. When the outdoor air dry-bulb
temperature rises above this temperature, the crankcase heater will not operate.
The default value is 10$^\circ$C.
\paragraph{Field: Number of Speeds for Heating} This field indicates the number
of speed levels available for the heat pump in heating mode. The default value
is 1, which means the heat pump operates at a single speed. If there's no
heating and only cooling component, set this field to 0. The maximum number of
speeds allowed is 5. Speed level 1 is the lowest speed; and speed level 5 is
the highest speed.
\paragraph{Field: Rated Heating Capacity at Speed i} Rated heating capacity at
speed i, where i is the speed number from 1 to 5. For speed 1, the default value
is autosize.
\paragraph{Field: Rated COP for Heating at Speed i} Rated COP (Coefficient of
Performance) for heating at speed i, where i is the speed number from 1 to 5.
The default value is 3.0.
\paragraph{Field: Normalized Heating Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name
at Speed i} The normalized heating capacity function of temperature curve name
at speed i, where i is the speed number from 1 to 5. The curve is a biquadratic
curve or a lookup table of outdoor air and condensing leaving water temperature.
It is multiplied by the rated heating capacity at speed i to get the actual
heating capacity at that speed.
\paragraph{Field: Heating Energy Input Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name
at Speed i} The heating energy input ratio function of temperature curve name at
speed i, where i is the speed number from 1 to 5. This curve is a biquadratic
curve or a lookup table of outdoor air and condensing leaving water temperature.
It is used to calculate the electricity energy input ratio at that speed by
multiplying the corresponding rated EIR (1/COP).
\paragraph{Field: Heating Energy Input Ratio Function of PLR Curve Name at Speed
i} The heating energy input ratio function of part load ratio (PLR) curve name
at speed i, where i is the speed number from 1 to 5. It is a cubic curve or a
lookup table that defines the relationship between the PLR and the EIR.
\paragraph{Field: Booster Mode On Heating} This field is a flag that indicates
whether the heat pump has a booster mode enabled for heating operation. If the
flag is on, booster mode will be enabled and the heat pump will operate at a
higher capacity during heating operation. The default value is false, which
means booster mode is not enabled. When the booster mode is on, the following
performance fields are required.
\paragraph{Rated Heating Capacity in Booster Mode} This field is the rated
heating capacity in booster mode.
\paragraph{Rated Heating COP in Booster Mode} This field is the rated heating
COP (Coefficient of Performance) in booster mode.
\paragraph{Normalized Heating Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name in
Booster Mode} This field is the normalized heating capacity function of
temperature curve name in booster mode. This curve is a biquadratic curve or a
lookup table of outdoor air and condensing leaving water temperature. It is
multiplied by the rated heating capacity in booster mode to get the actual
heating capacity in booster mode. Note that if you believe the booster mode
capacity is just a constant scaling up of the max-speed capacity at all
air-water-temperature combinations, you can use the same performance curves as
the max-speed capacity and only change the rated capacity at booster mode.
For example, for a 5-speed heat pump, if the booster mode is 10\% higher capacity
than the max-speed capacity, you can use the same performance curves as the max-speed
capacity and use 1.1 times the max-speed rated capacity for the rated capacity at booster mode.
\paragraph{Heating Energy Input Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name in
Booster Mode} This field is the heating energy input ratio function of
temperature curve name in booster mode. This curve is a biquadratic curve or a
lookup table of outdoor air and condensing leaving water temperature. It is used
to calculate the electricity energy input ratio in booster mode by multiplying
the corresponding rated EIR (1/COP). Note that if you believe the booster mode
EIR is just a constant scaling up of the max-speed EIR at all
air-water-temperature combinations, you can use the same performance curves as
the max-speed EIR and only change the rated EIR at booster mode.
For example, for a 5-speed heat pump, if the booster mode is 5\% lower COP
than the max-speed COP, you can use the same performance curves as the max-speed
capacity and use 0.95 times the max-speed rated COP for the rated capacity at booster mode.
\paragraph{Heating Energy Input Ratio Function of PLR Curve Name in Booster
Mode} This field is the heating energy input ratio function of part load ratio
(PLR) curve name in booster mode.
\paragraph{Field: Number of Speeds for Cooling} This field indicates the number
of speed levels available for the heat pump in cooling mode. The default value
is 1, which means the heat pump operates at a single speed. If there's no
cooling and only heating component, set this field to 0.
\paragraph{Field: Rated Cooling Capacity at Speed i} Rated cooling capacity at
speed i, where i is the speed number from 1 to 5. For speed 1, the default value
is autosize.
\paragraph{Field: Rated COP for Cooling at Speed i} Rated COP (Coefficient of
Performance) for cooling at speed i, where i is the speed number from 1 to 5.
The default value is 3.0.
\paragraph{Field: Normalized cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name
at Speed i} The normalized cooling capacity function of temperature curve name
at speed i, where i is the speed number from 1 to 5. The curve is a biquadratic
curve or a lookup table of outdoor air and condensing leaving water temperature.
It is multiplied by the rated cooling capacity at speed i to get the actual
cooling capacity at that speed.
\paragraph{Field: cooling Energy Input Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name
at Speed i} The cooling energy input ratio function of temperature curve name at
speed i, where i is the speed number from 1 to 5. This curve is a biquadratic
curve or a lookup table of outdoor air and condensing leaving water temperature.
It is used to calculate the electricity energy input ratio at that speed by
multiplying the corresponding rated EIR (1/COP).
\paragraph{Field: cooling Energy Input Ratio Function of PLR Curve Name at Speed
i} The cooling energy input ratio function of part load ratio (PLR) curve name
at speed i, where i is the speed number from 1 to 5. It is a cubic curve or a
lookup table that defines the relationship between the PLR and the EIR.
\paragraph{Field: Booster Mode On Cooling} This field is a flag that indicates
whether the heat pump has a booster mode enabled for cooling operation. If the
flag is on, booster mode will be enabled and the heat pump will operate at a
higher capacity during cooling operation. The default value is false, which
means booster mode is not enabled. When the booster mode is on, the following
performance fields are required.
\paragraph{Rated Cooling Capacity in Booster Mode} This field is the rated
cooling capacity in booster mode.
\paragraph{Rated Cooling COP in Booster Mode} This field is the rated cooling
COP (Coefficient of Performance) in booster mode.
\paragraph{Normalized Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name in
Booster Mode} This field is the normalized cooling capacity function of
temperature curve name in booster mode. This curve is a biquadratic curve or a
lookup table of outdoor air and condensing leaving water temperature. It is
multiplied by the rated cooling capacity in booster mode to get the actual
cooling capacity in booster mode. Note that if you believe the booster mode
capacity is just a constant scaling up of the max-speed capacity at all
air-water-temperature combinations, you can use the same performance curves as
the max-speed capacity and only change the rated capacity at booster mode.
For example, for a 5-speed heat pump, if the booster mode is 10\% higher capacity
than the max-speed capacity, you can use the same performance curves as the max-speed
capacity and use 1.1 times the max-speed rated capacity for the rated capacity at booster mode.
\paragraph{Cooling Energy Input Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name in
Booster Mode} This field is the cooling energy input ratio function of
temperature curve name in booster mode. This curve is a biquadratic curve or a
lookup table of outdoor air and condensing leaving water temperature. It is used
to calculate the electricity energy input ratio in booster mode by multiplying
the corresponding rated EIR (1/COP). Note that if you believe the booster mode
EIR is just a constant scaling up of the max-speed EIR at all
air-water-temperature combinations, you can use the same performance curves as
the max-speed EIR and only change the rated EIR at booster mode.
For example, for a 5-speed heat pump, if the booster mode is 5\% lower COP
than the max-speed COP, you can use the same performance curves as the max-speed
capacity and use 0.95 times the max-speed rated COP for the rated capacity at booster mode.
\paragraph{Cooling Energy Input Ratio Function of PLR Curve Name in Booster
Mode} This field is the cooling energy input ratio function of part load ratio
(PLR) curve name in booster mode.

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-heatpump-air-to-water}
\begin{itemize}
\item Heat Pump Part Load Ratio in Heating Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Cycling Ratio in Heating Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Rate in Heating Mode {[}W{]}
\item Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Energy in Heating Mode {[}J{]}
\item Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Rate in Heating Mode {[}W{]}
\item Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Energy in Heating Mode {[}J{]}
\item Heat Pump Load Side Inlet Temperature in Heating Mode {[}C{]}
\item Heat Pump Load Side Outlet Temperature in Heating Mode {[}C{]}
\item Heat Pump Source Side Inlet Temperature in Heating Mode {[}C{]}
\item Heat Pump Source Side Outlet Temperature in Heating Mode {[}C{]}
\item Heat Pump Electricity Rate in Heating Mode {[}W{]}
\item Heat Pump Electricity Energy in Heating Mode {[}J{]}
\item Heat Pump Load Due To Defrost {[}W{]}
\item Heat Pump Fractional Defrost Time {[}W{]}
\item Heat Pump Defrost Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
\item Heat Pump Defrost Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
\item Heat Pump Load Side Mass Flow Rate in Heating Mode {[}kg/s{]}
\item Heat Pump Source Side Mass Flow Rate in Heating Mode {[}kg/s{]}
\item Heat Pump Total Heating Rate {[}W{]}
\item Heat Pump Number Of Heating Unit On {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Speed Level in Heating Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Speed Ratio in Heating Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Air Flow Rate in Heating Mode {[}m3/s{]}
\item Heat Pump Inlet Air Temperature in Heating Mode {[}C{]}
\item Heat Pump Outlet Air Temperature in Heating Mode {[}C{]}
\item Heat Pump Capacity Temperature Modifier in Heating Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump EIR Temperature Modifier in Heating Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump EIR PLR Modifier in Heating Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Crankcase Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
\item Heat Pump Crankcase Heater Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
\item Heat Pump Heating COP {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Part Load Ratio in Cooling Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Cycling Ratio in Cooling Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Rate in Cooling Mode {[}W{]}
\item Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Energy in Cooling Mode {[}J{]}
\item Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Rate in Cooling Mode {[}W{]}
\item Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Energy in Cooling Mode {[}J{]}
\item Heat Pump Load Side Inlet Temperature in Cooling Mode {[}C{]}
\item Heat Pump Load Side Outlet Temperature in Cooling Mode {[}C{]}
\item Heat Pump Source Side Inlet Temperature in Cooling Mode {[}C{]}
\item Heat Pump Source Side Outlet Temperature in Cooling Mode {[}C{]}
\item Heat Pump Electricity Rate in Cooling Mode {[}W{]}
\item Heat Pump Electricity Energy in Cooling Mode {[}J{]}
\item Heat Pump Load Side Mass Flow Rate in Cooling Mode {[}kg/s{]}
\item Heat Pump Source Side Mass Flow Rate in Cooling Mode {[}kg/s{]}
\item Heat Pump Total Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
\item Heat Pump Number Of Cooling Unit On {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Speed Level in Cooling Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Speed Ratio in Cooling Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Air Flow Rate in Cooling Mode {[}m3/s{]}
\item Heat Pump Inlet Air Temperature in Cooling Mode {[}C{]}
\item Heat Pump Outlet Air Temperature in Cooling Mode {[}C{]}
\item Heat Pump Capacity Temperature Modifier in Cooling Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump EIR Temperature Modifier in Cooling Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump EIR PLR Modifier in Cooling Mode {[}{]}
\item Heat Pump Cooling COP {[}{]}
\end{itemize}
\paragraph{Heat Pump Part Load Ratio in Heating Mode {[}{]}} The part load ratio
(PLR) of the heat pump in heating mode. It is the ratio of the actual heating
rate to the rated heating rate at the current operating conditions. The value is
between 0 and 1, where 0 means the heat pump is off and 1 means it is operating
at full capacity.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Cycling Ratio in Heating Mode {[}{]}} The cycling ratio of
the heat pump in heating mode. It is the ratio of the actual on-time to the
total time. The value is between 0 and 1, where 0 means the heat pump is off and
1 means it is constantly on.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Rate in Heating Mode {[}W{]}} The
load side heat transfer rate of the heat pump in heating mode. It is the rate at
which the heat pump transfers heat to the load side.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Energy in Heating Mode {[}J{]}} The
load side heat transfer energy of the heat pump in heating mode. It is the
accumulated energy transferred to the load side.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Rate in Heating Mode {[}W{]}} The
source side heat transfer rate of the heat pump in heating mode. It is the rate
at which the heat pump extracts heat from the source side.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Energy in Heating Mode {[}J{]}}
The source side heat transfer energy of the heat pump in heating mode. It is the
accumulated energy extracted from the source side.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Inlet Temperature in Heating Mode {[}C{]}} The
load side inlet temperature of the heat pump in heating mode. It is the
temperature of the water entering the heat pump from the load side.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Outlet Temperature in Heating Mode {[}C{]}} The
load side outlet temperature of the heat pump in heating mode. It is the
temperature of the water leaving the heat pump to the load side.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Inlet Temperature in Heating Mode {[}C{]}} The
source side inlet temperature of the heat pump in heating mode. It is the
temperature of the air entering the heat pump from the source side.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Outlet Temperature in Heating Mode {[}C{]}} The
source side outlet temperature of the heat pump in heating mode. It is the
temperature of the air leaving the heat pump to the source side.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Electricity Rate in Heating Mode {[}W{]}} The electricity
rate of the heat pump in heating mode in W.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Electricity Energy in Heating Mode {[}J{]}} The electricity
energy of the heat pump in heating mode in J. It is the accumulated electricity
consumed by the heat pump.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Due To Defrost {[}W{]}}
This output represents the additional thermal load (in Watts) imposed on the heat pump
system due to the defrost operation.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Fractional Defrost Time {[}{]}} The fractional defrost
time in heating mode. It is the ratio of the defrost time to the total operation
time.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Defrost Electricity Rate {[}W{]}} The electricity rate of
the heat pump during defrost operation in heating mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Defrost Electricity Energy {[}J{]}} The electricity energy
consumed by the heat pump during defrost operation in heating mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Mass Flow Rate in Heating Mode {[}kg/s{]}} The
load side mass flow rate of the heat pump in heating mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Mass Flow Rate in Heating Mode {[}kg/s{]}} The
source side mass flow rate of the heat pump in heating mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Total Heating Rate {[}W{]}} The total heating rate of the
heat pump in W in heating mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Number Of Heating Unit On {[}{]}}
This output represents the number of heat pump units that are currently operating
in heating mode. If you have a multi-unit (multi-module) air-to-water heat pump,
operatingMode indicates how many of those units are ON to meet the current heating load.
It can range from 0 up to the maximum number of available heat pumps. For single-unit heat pumps,
this value will be either 0 (off) or 1 (on).
\paragraph{Heat Pump Speed Level in Heating Mode {[}{]}} The speed level of the
heat pump in heating mode. It is the current speed level of the compressor. For
fixed-speed heat pumps, this value is integers. For variable-speed heat pumps,
this value is a continuous non-negative value. When the speed level is 0,
the heat pump used for cooling is turned off.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Speed Ratio in Heating Mode {[}{]}} For a multi-speed heat pump, the speed ratio
indicates how far the current operating speed is between the two adjacent discrete speed levels.
When the load is between the capacity of speed level n and speed level n-1, the speed ratio is calculated as:
speed ratio = (load - capacity at speed n-1) / (capacity at speed n - capacity at speed n-1).
For a variable-speed heat pump, the speed ratio equals the part load ratio.
When the heat pump is cycling, the speed ratio is 0, and the proportion of time that it is on is reported in cycling ratio.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Air Flow Rate in Heating Mode {[}m3/s{]}}
The air flow rate of the heat pump in heating mode in m3/s.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Inlet Air Temperature in Heating Mode {[}C{]}}
The inlet air dry-bulb temperature of the heat pump in heating mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Outlet Air Temperature in Heating Mode {[}C{]}}
The outlet air dry-bulb temperature of the heat pump in heating mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Capacity Temperature Modifier in Heating Mode {[}{]}}
The capacity temperature modifier function value of the heat pump in heating
mode. When the load is between the capacity of two speed levels, if the heat
pump is fixed-speed, this value is the capacity temperature modifier curve value
at the higher speed level; if the heat pump is variable-speed, this value is the
interpolated capacity temperature modifier between those two speed levels.
\paragraph{Heat Pump EIR Temperature Modifier in Heating Mode {[}{]}}
The EIR temperature modifier function value of the heat pump in heating
mode. When the load is between the capacity of two speed levels, if the heat
pump is fixed-speed, this value is the EIR temperature modifier curve value
at the higher speed level; if the heat pump is variable-speed, this value is the
interpolated EIR temperature modifier between those two speed levels.
\paragraph{Heat Pump EIR PLR Modifier in Heating Mode {[}{]}}
The EIR part load ratio (PLR) modifier function value of the heat pump in heating
mode. When the load is between the capacity of two speed levels, if the heat
pump is fixed-speed, this value is the EIR PLR modifier curve value
at the higher speed level; if the heat pump is variable-speed, this value is the
interpolated EIR PLR modifier between those two speed levels.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Crankcase Heater Electricity Rate {[}W{]}} The electricity
rate of the heat pump crankcase heater in heating mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Crankcase Heater Electricity Energy {[}W{]}} The
electricity energy of the heat pump crankcase heater in heating mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Heating COP {[}{]}} The coefficient of performance (COP) of
the heat pump in heating mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Part Load Ratio in Cooling Mode {[}{]}} The part load ratio
of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Cycling Ratio in Cooling Mode {[}{]}} The cycling ratio of
the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Rate in Cooling Mode {[}W{]}} The
load side heat transfer rate of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Heat Transfer Energy in Cooling Mode {[}J{]}} The
load side heat transfer energy of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Rate in Cooling Mode {[}W{]}} The
source side heat transfer rate of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Heat Transfer Energy in Cooling Mode {[}J{]}}
The source side heat transfer energy of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Inlet Temperature in Cooling Mode {[}C{]}} The
load side inlet temperature of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Outlet Temperature in Cooling Mode {[}C{]}} The
load side outlet temperature of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Inlet Temperature in Cooling Mode {[}C{]}} The
source side inlet temperature of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Outlet Temperature in Cooling Mode {[}C{]}} The
source side outlet temperature of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Electricity Rate in Cooling Mode {[}W{]}} The electricity
rate of the heat pump in cooling mode in W.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Electricity Energy in Cooling Mode {[}J{]}} The electricity
energy of the heat pump in cooling mode in J. It is the accumulated electricity
consumed by the heat pump.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Load Side Mass Flow Rate in Cooling Mode {[}kg/s{]}} The
load side mass flow rate of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Source Side Mass Flow Rate in Cooling Mode {[}kg/s{]}} The
source side mass flow rate of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Total Cooling Rate {[}W{]}} The total cooling rate of the
heat pump in W in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Number Of Cooling Unit On {[}{]}}
This output represents the number of heat pump units that are currently operating
in cooling mode. If you have a multi-unit (multi-module) air-to-water heat pump,
operatingMode indicates how many of those units are ON to meet the current cooling load.
It can range from 0 up to the maximum number of available heat pumps. For single-unit heat pumps,
this value will be either 0 (off) or 1 (on).
\paragraph{Heat Pump Speed Level in Cooling Mode {[}{]}} The speed level of the
heat pump in cooling mode. It is the current speed level of the compressor. For
fixed-speed heat pumps, this value is integers. For variable-speed heat pumps,
this value is a continuous non-negative value. When the speed level is 0,
the heat pump used for cooling is turned off.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Speed Ratio in Cooling Mode {[}{]}} For a multi-speed heat pump, the speed ratio
indicates how far the current operating speed is between the two adjacent discrete speed levels.
When the load is between the capacity of speed level n and speed level n-1, the speed ratio is calculated as:
speed ratio = (load - capacity at speed n-1) / (capacity at speed n - capacity at speed n-1).
For a variable-speed heat pump, the speed ratio equals the part load ratio.
When the heat pump is cycling, the speed ratio is 0, and the proportion of time that it is on is reported in cycling ratio.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Air Flow Rate in Cooling Mode {[}m3/s{]}}
The air flow rate of the heat pump in cooling mode in m3/s.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Inlet Air Temperature in Cooling Mode {[}C{]}}
The inlet air dry-bulb temperature of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Outlet Air Temperature in Cooling Mode {[}C{]}}
The outlet air dry-bulb temperature of the heat pump in cooling mode.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Capacity Temperature Modifier in Cooling Mode {[}{]}}
The capacity temperature modifier function value of the heat pump in cooling
mode. When the load is between the capacity of two speed levels, if the heat
pump is fixed-speed, this value is the capacity temperature modifier curve value
at the higher speed level; if the heat pump is variable-speed, this value is the
interpolated capacity temperature modifier between those two speed levels.
\paragraph{Heat Pump EIR Temperature Modifier in Cooling Mode {[}{]}}
The EIR temperature modifier function value of the heat pump in heating
mode. When the load is between the capacity of two speed levels, if the heat
pump is fixed-speed, this value is the EIR temperature modifier curve value
at the higher speed level; if the heat pump is variable-speed, this value is the
interpolated EIR temperature modifier between those two speed levels.
\paragraph{Heat Pump EIR PLR Modifier in Cooling Mode {[}{]}}
The EIR part load ratio (PLR) modifier function value of the heat pump in cooling
mode. When the load is between the capacity of two speed levels, if the heat
pump is fixed-speed, this value is the EIR PLR modifier curve value
at the higher speed level; if the heat pump is variable-speed, this value is the
interpolated EIR PLR modifier between those two speed levels.
\paragraph{Heat Pump Cooling COP {[}{]}} The coefficient of performance (COP) of
the heat pump in cooling mode.

\subsection{Steps to specify the Ground Source Heat Pump}\label{steps-to-specify-the-ground-source-heat-pump}

Since the heat pump is defined with two separate objects (one for heating, one for cooling), the connections to the condenser has to be done carefully. The example below shows the configuration for parameter estimation objects. The same specifications and configuration also applies to the equation fit model.

For the heating mode:

\begin{enumerate}
    \def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
    \item
    Specify a branch for the Heat pump in hot water loop .
    \item
    Include the branch name in the splitter and mixer branches.
    \item
    Add a branch in condenser loop and include its name in the respective splitter and mixer.
\end{enumerate}

\textbf{! in hot water loop}

\begin{lstlisting}
BRANCH,
  Heating GshpHeating Branch,
  ,
  HeatPump:WatertoWater:ParameterEstimatinon:Heating,
  GshpHeating,
  GshpHeating LoadSide Inlet Node,
  GshpHeating LoadSide Outlet Node;
\end{lstlisting}

\textbf{!in condenser loop}

\begin{lstlisting}
BRANCH,
  GshpHeating SourceSide Branch,
  ,
  HeatPump:WatertoWater:ParameterEstimatinon:Heating,
  GshpHeating,
  GshpHeating SourceSide Inlet Node,
  GshpHeating SourceSide Outlet Node;
\end{lstlisting}

Example of Heat Pump Links

For the cooling mode:

1.~Specify a branch for the Heat pump in chilled water loop .

\begin{enumerate}
    \def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
    \setcounter{enumi}{1}
    \tightlist
    \item
    Include the branch name in the splitter and mixer branches.
\end{enumerate}

3.~Add a branch in condenser loop and include its name in the respective splitter and mixer.

\textbf{! in chilled water loop}

\begin{lstlisting}
BRANCH,GshpCLG1 Chiller Branch,
  ,
  ,
  HeatPump:WatertoWater:ParameterEstimatinon:Cooling, GshpCLG1,
  GshpCLG LoadSide Inlet Node1,
  GshpCLG LoadSide Outlet Node1;
\end{lstlisting}

\textbf{!in condenser loop}

\begin{lstlisting}
BRANCH, GshpCLG1 Condenser Branch,
  ,
  ,
  HeatPump:WatertoWater:ParameterEstimatinon:Cooling, GshpCLG1,
  GshpCLG SourceSide Inlet Node1,
  GshpCLG SourceSide Outlet Node1;
\end{lstlisting}

\subsection{DistrictCooling}\label{districtcooling}

When the user is not interested in a plant simulation or there is some centralized source of chilled water, the following object can be used in the input.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-16-008}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-15-006}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the district cooling (i.e., purchased chilled water).

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-inlet-node-name-9}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the district cooling inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Chilled Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-chilled-water-outlet-node-name-10}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the district cooling outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-10}

This numeric field contains the nominal demand (W) that the district cooling will meet. This field is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Capacity Fraction Schedule Name}\label{field-capacity-fraction-schedule-name}

This alpha field contains the name of a schedule that describes how the nominal capacity varies over time.~ Values must non-negative. The capacity at a given point in time is determined by the product of the previous field and the value in this schedule. If the field is omitted or left blank, then the program assumes a schedule value of 1.0 all the time.

An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
DistrictCooling, Purchased Cooling,
  NODE_35,NODE_49,
  68000;
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-14-003}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average, District Cooling Water Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum, District Cooling Water Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter, DistrictCooling:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Cooling: DistrictCooling {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,District Cooling Water Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,District Cooling Water Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,District Cooling Water Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

\paragraph{District Cooling Water Rate {[}W{]}}\label{district-cooling-chilled-water-rate-w}

This is the useful rate of cooling energy from purchased chilled water.

\paragraph{District Cooling Water Energy {[}J{]}}\label{district-cooling-chilled-water-energy-j}

These outputs are the energy taken from purchased chilled water. Consumption is metered on Cooling:DistrictCooling, DistrictCooling:Plant, and DistrictCooling:Facility.

\paragraph{District Cooling Water Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{district-cooling-inlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{District Cooling WaterOutlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{district-cooling-outlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{District Cooling Water Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{district-cooling-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

These outputs are the supply-side plant loop chilled water inlet and outlet temperatures and mass flow rate.

\subsection{DistrictHeating:Water}\label{districtheating}

When the user is not interested in a plant simulation or there is some centralized source of hot water (district heating water), the following object can be used in the input.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-17-006}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-16-006}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the district heating (i.e., purchased hot water).

\paragraph{Field: Hot Water Inlet Node Name}\label{field-hot-water-inlet-node-name-2}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the district heating inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Hot Water Outlet Node Name}\label{field-hot-water-outlet-node-name-2}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the district heating outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-11}

This numeric field contains the nominal demand (W) that the district heating will meet. This field is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Capacity Fraction Schedule Name}\label{field-capacity-fraction-schedule-name-1}

This alpha field contains the name of a schedule that describes how the nominal capacity varies over time.~ Values must non-negative. The capacity at a given point in time is determined by the product of the previous field and the value in this schedule. If the field is omitted or left blank, then the program assumes a schedule value of 1.0 all the time.

An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
DistrictHeatingWater,Purchased Heating,
  NODE_30,NODE_29,
  1000000;
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-15-002}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,District Heating Water Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,District Heating Water Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,DistrictHeatingWater:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Heating:DistrictHeatingWater {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,District Heating Water Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,District Heating Water Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,District Heating Water Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

\paragraph{District Heating Water Rate {[}W{]}}\label{district-heating-hot-water-rate-w}

This is the useful rate of heating energy from purchased hot water.

\paragraph{District Heating Water Energy {[}J{]}}\label{district-heating-hot-water-energy-j}

These outputs are the energy taken from purchased hot water. Consumption is metered on Heating:DistrictHeatingWater, DistrictHeatingWater:Plant, and DistrictHeatingWater:Facility.

\paragraph{District Heating Water Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{district-heating-inlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{District Heating Water Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{district-heating-outlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{District Heating Water Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{district-heating-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

These outputs are the supply-side plant loop hot water inlet and outlet temperatures and mass flow rate.

\subsection{DistrictHeating:Steam}\label{districtheatingsteam}

When the user is not interested in a plant simulation or there is some centralized source of steam (district heating steam), the following object can be used in the input.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-17-006-1}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-16-006-1}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the district heating steam (i.e., purchased steam).

\paragraph{Field: Steam Inlet Node Name}\label{field-steam-inlet-node-name-2}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the district heating inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Steam Outlet Node Name}\label{field-steam-outlet-node-name-2}

This alpha field contains the identifying name for the district heating outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Nominal Capacity}\label{field-nominal-capacity-12}

This numeric field contains the nominal demand (W) that the district heating will meet. This field is autosizable.

\paragraph{Field: Capacity Fraction Schedule Name}\label{field-capacity-fraction-schedule-name-2}

This alpha field contains the name of a schedule that describes how the nominal capacity varies over time.~ Values must non-negative. The capacity at a given point in time is determined by the product of the previous field and the value in this schedule. If the field is omitted or left blank, then the program assumes a schedule value of 1.0 all the time.

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-15-003}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,District Heating Steam Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,District Heating Steam Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,DistrictHeatingSteam:Plant {[}J{]}
    \item
    Zone,Meter,Heating:DistrictHeatingSteam {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,District Heating Steam Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,District Heating Steam Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,District Heating Steam Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

\paragraph{District Heating Steam Energy {[}J{]}}\label{district-heating-Steam-energy-j}

These outputs are the energy taken from purchased steam. Consumption is metered on Heating:DistrictHeatingSteam, DistrictHeatingSteam:Plant, and DistrictHeatingSteam:Facility.

\paragraph{District Heating Steam Rate {[}W{]}}\label{district-heating-steam-rate-w}

This is the useful rate of heating energy from purchased steam.

\paragraph{District Heating Steam Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{district-heating-steam-inlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{District Heating Steam Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{district-heating-steam-outlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{District Heating Steam Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{district-heating-steam-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

\subsection{PlantComponent:TemperatureSource}\label{plantcomponenttemperaturesource}

This object allows the simulation of a water (or other fluid) source at a user-specified temperature.~ This could include a river, well, or seawater source, or any other configuration where the fluid temperature being supplied by the component to the plant is known.~ The temperature may be a constant or scheduled.~ Of course, the scheduled value may also be overwritten via EMS in cases where the specified temperature should be calculated at run-time.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-18-006}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-17-005}

This field is the string identifier for this component.

\paragraph{Field: Inlet Node}\label{field-inlet-node-000}

This is the name of this component's inlet node for the plant connection.

\paragraph{Field: Outlet Node}\label{field-outlet-node-000}

This is the name of this component's outlet node for the plant connection. The source temperature is applied to this node when the component is active.

\paragraph{Field: Design Volume Flow Rate}\label{field-design-volume-flow-rate}

This numeric field contains the design value for component volume flow rate in m\(^{3}\)/s.~ This field may be autosized.

\paragraph{Field: Temperature Specification Type}\label{field-temperature-specification-type}

This string field specifies the behavior of the source temperature.~ Two inputs are allowed: Constant or Scheduled.~ For a constant condition, a single input value (the next field) is used as the returning temperature (component outlet temperature) throughout the entire simulation.~ For a scheduled condition, the name of a schedule (the following field) is used to allow the temperature to vary throughout the simulation.~ This schedule value may be actuated via EMS to allow further flexibility on temperature specification at run-time.

\paragraph{Field: Source Temperature}\label{field-source-temperature}

If the Temperature Specification Type field is Constant, then the value in this field is used as the source temperature (in C) throughout the entire simulation.

\paragraph{Field: Source Temperature Schedule Name}\label{field-source-temperature-schedule-name}

If the Temperature Specification Type field is Scheduled, then this is the name of a schedule entered in the IDF which specifies the dynamic temperature of this source object. The units of this schedule should be C.

And, as shown in an IDF:

\begin{lstlisting}
PlantComponent:TemperatureSource,
  FluidSource,                !- Name
  FluidSource Inlet Node,     !- Inlet Node
  FluidSource Outlet Node,    !- Outlet Node
  Autosize,                   !- Design Volume Flow Rate {m3/s}
  Constant,                   !- Temperature Specification Type
  62,                         !- Source Temperature {C}
  ;                           !- Source Temperature Schedule Name
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-16-000}

The following output variables are available for the temperature source plant components:

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Plant Temperature Source Component Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Plant Temperature Source Component Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Plant Temperature Source Component Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Plant Temperature Source Component Source Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Plant Temperature Source Component Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Plant Temperature Source Component Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}
\end{itemize}

\paragraph{Plant Temperature Source Component Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{plant-temperature-source-component-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

The current mass flow rate of this component.

\paragraph{Plant Temperature Source Component Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{plant-temperature-source-component-inlet-temperature-c}

The current entering fluid temperature of this component.

\paragraph{Plant Temperature Source Component Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{plant-temperature-source-component-outlet-temperature-c}

The current outlet temperature of this component.

\paragraph{Plant Temperature Source Component Source Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{plant-temperature-source-component-source-temperature-c}

The current source temperature of this component.

\paragraph{Plant Temperature Source Component Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}}\label{plant-temperature-source-component-heat-transfer-rate-w}

The current heat transfer rate of this component, positive for outlet temperature \textgreater{} inlet temperature, or adding heat to the loop, or absorbing heat from the source.

\paragraph{Plant Temperature Source Component Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{plant-temperature-source-component-heat-transfer-energy-j}

The current heat transfer energy over the given reporting period of this component.

\subsection{CentralHeatPumpSystem}\label{centralheatpumpsystem}

This is a central geothermal application that contains one or more chiller-heaters centrally located in the building; the available chilled and/or hot water is then piped to the individual zones. Chiller-heaters used for this particular system can be of two types: 1) standard vapor-compression, non-reversible cycle chillers designed for heat recovery or 2) reversible-cycle, water-to-water heat pump chillers. Unlike a distributed ground source heat pump configuration where individual heat pumps are located in each zone, a centralized geothermal configuration has one or more chiller-heaters. Its function is to encapsulate the extra controls needed to turn individual chiller-heater modules on/off and whether they are to operate in cooling-only, heating-only or simultaneous cooling-heating mode and whether to connect the source water to the evaporator or condenser side. A variety of control schemes can be designed by setting schedules for both zone control types and individual chiller-heaters schedules.

The fluid used in this central system is usually water, and there is no sharing of condenser or evaporator water between multiple machines. However, the control logic is such that the source water can be delivered to individual chiller-heaters depending on their operating mode, e.g., modules in simultaneous cooling-heating mode receive no source water, modules in heating-only mode can have source water directed to their evaporator, or modules in cooling-only mode can have source water directed to their condenser; the decision on which module(s) receives the source water dictated by the `smart' controls. The following figures illustrate node interconnections between this central geothermal application and plant and condenser loops in various situations.

The order of the multiple chiller-heaters' operation is assumed to be sequential. In other words, the very first chiller-heater will be called at first to see if it meets all loads that the central heat pump system should meet. If the chiller-heater meets all loads, the rest chiller-heaters are assumed to be turned off. If not, the following chiller-heater will be called to meet the remaining loads until all loads are met in the order as defined in the set of individual chiller-heater objects below. The order of individual chiller-heater modules needs to be carefully arranged in case users are intended to see the performance of various combinations of different sizes of chiller-heaters in a central heat pump system.

\begin{figure}[hbtp] % fig 76
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth, height=0.9\textheight, keepaspectratio=true]{media/image185.png}
    \caption{Diagram of a central heat pump system with three chiller-heaters in cooling-only mode (Condensers reject heat to the ground source loop) \protect \label{fig:diagram-of-a-central-heat-pump-system-with}}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[hbtp] % fig 77
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth, height=0.9\textheight, keepaspectratio=true]{media/image186.png}
    \caption{Diagram of a central heat pump system with three chiller-heaters in heat recovery mode         (No heat is exchanged with the ground source loop) \protect \label{fig:diagram-of-a-central-heat-pump-system-with-001}}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[hbtp] % fig 78
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth, height=0.9\textheight, keepaspectratio=true]{media/image187.png}
    \caption{Diagram of a central heat pump system with one chiller-heater in heat recovery mode and two chiller-heaters in cooling-only mode \protect \label{fig:diagram-of-a-central-heat-pump-system-with-002}}
\end{figure}

In the above example, the cooling load needs 3 chiller-heaters and the heating load needs 1 chiller heater. Chiller 1 is in heat recovery mode and isolated from the ground source loop while chillers 2 and 3 are in cooling-only mode, their condensers rejecting heat to the ground source loop.

\begin{figure}[hbtp] % fig 79
    \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth, height=0.9\textheight, keepaspectratio=true]{media/image188.png}
    \caption{Diagram of a central heat pump system with two chiller-heaters in heat recovery mode and one chiller-heater in heating-only mode \protect \label{fig:diagram-of-a-central-heat-pump-system-with-003}}
\end{figure}

In the above example, the heating load needs 3 chiller-heaters and the cooling load needs two chiller-heaters. Chillers 1 and 2 are in heat recovery mode and isolated from the ground source loop while chiller 3 is in heating-only mode, its evaporator extracting heat from the ground source loop.

Users are required to define three different nodes such as chilled water, hot water, and source water nodes. Only this central heat pump system will be metered, and individual chiller-heaters' energy will be available for reporting only, but not metered.

\subsubsection{Inputs}\label{inputs-19-004}

\paragraph{Field: Name}\label{field-name-18-005}

This alpha field contains the identifying name of the central heat pump system.

\paragraph{Field: Control Method}\label{field-control-method}

This field must contain a keyword defines how the central heat pump system controls the interaction between the chiller-heater modules and the water loops to meet the cooling and heating demands. Currently, the only available option is SmartMixing.

\paragraph{Field: Cooling Loop Inlet Node Name}\label{field-cooling-loop-inlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name of the chilled water inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Cooling Loop Outlet Node Name}\label{field-cooling-loop-outlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name of the chilled water outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Source Loop Inlet Node Name}\label{field-source-loop-inlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name of the source water inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Source Loop Outlet Node Name}\label{field-source-loop-outlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name of the source water outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Heating Loop Inlet Node Name}\label{field-heating-loop-inlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name of the hot water inlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Heating Loop Outlet Node Name}\label{field-heating-loop-outlet-node-name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name of the hot water outlet node.

\paragraph{Field: Ancillary Power}\label{field-ancillary-power-000}

This numeric field contains the ancillary power of the central heat pump system in watts.

\paragraph{Field: Ancillary Operation Schedule Name}\label{field-ancillary-operation-schedule-name}

This alpha field contains the identifying name of the ancillary power schedule.

\paragraph{Field Set: Individual Chiller-Heater Module Objects}\label{field-set-individual-chiller-heater-module-objects}

The following four items are repeated up to a maximum of 20 individual chiller-heater modulesets. At least one module set must appear in an input file. In other words, a central heat pump system must include at least one chiller-heater module component. A set of the following four fields helps to define the specific type of a chiller-heater module, its operation control, and the number of identical chiller-heater module objects.

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Heater Module Performance Component Object Type \textless{}x\textgreater{}}\label{field-chiller-heater-module-performance-component-object-type-x}

This alpha field describes the type of the chiller-heater comprising this module set. Only the chiller-heater type \hyperref[chillerheaterperformancelectriceir]{ChillerHeaterPerformance:Electric:EIR} is currently available. Note that up to 20 sets of chiller-heater module name, schedule, and number of identical chiller-heater may be entered for a single central heat pump system.

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Heater Module Performance Component Name \textless{}x\textgreater{}}\label{field-chiller-heater-module-performance-component-name-x}

This alpha field is paired with the preceding chiller-heater module type to define the name of the module.

\paragraph{Field: Chiller Heater Module Control Schedule Name \textless{}x\textgreater{}}\label{field-chiller-heater-module-control-schedule-name-x}

This alpha field is paired with the preceding chiller-heater module type and name to define its on/off control. This schedule will be used for all identical module components as defined in the next field. Currently, this schedule only controls the module set's availability, i.e., schedule values equal to 1 indicate that the chiller-heater set is available while schedule values equal to 0 indicate that the chiller-heater set is off.

\paragraph{Field: Number of Chiller Heater Modules \textless{}x\textgreater{}}\label{field-number-of-chiller-heater-modules-x}

This numeric field is paired with the preceding three fields to define how many identical chiller-heaters define this module set.

An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
CentralHeatPumpSystem,
  ChillerBank,                !- Name
  SmartMixing,                !- Control Method
  Chiller Inlet Node,         !- Cooling Loop Inlet Node Name
  Chiller Outlet Node,        !- Cooling Loop Outlet Node Name
  Condenser Inlet Node,       !- Source Loop Inlet Node Name
  Condenser Outlet Node,      !- Source Loop Outlet Node Name
  HWInlet,                    !- Heating Loop Inlet Node Name
  HWOutlet,                   !- Heating Loop Outlet Node Name
  460,                        !- Ancillary Power {W}
  ,                           !- Ancillary Operation Schedule Name
  ChillerHeaterPerformance:Electric:EIR,  !- Chiller Heater Modules Object Type 1
  ChillerHeaterModule 1,      !- Chiller Heater Modules Performance Component Name 1
  ON,                         !- Chiller Heater Modules Control Schedule Name 1
  2,                          !- Number of Chiller Heater Modules 1
  ChillerHeaterPerformance:Electric:EIR,  !- Chiller Heater Modules Object Type 2
  ChillerHeaterModule 2,      !- Chiller Heater Modules Performance Component Name 2
  ON,                         !- Chiller Heater Modules Control Schedule Name 2
  2;                          !- Number of Chiller Heater Modules 2
\end{lstlisting}

\subsubsection{Outputs}\label{outputs-17-000}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Cooling Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater System Cooling Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Heating Electricity Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater System Heating Electricity Energy {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Cooling Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater System Cooling Energy{[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Heating Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater System Heating Energy{[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Source Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater System Source Heat Transfer Energy{[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Cooling Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Cooling Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Cooling Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Heating Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Heating Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Heating Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Source Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Source Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater System Source Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}
\end{itemize}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Cooling Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-cooling-electric-power-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Cooling Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-cooling-electric-energy-j}

These outputs are the sums of the cooling electric power consumption of the central heat pump system containing one or more child objects. Cooling Energy is metered on Cooling:Electricity, Electricity:Plant, and Electricity:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Heating Electricity Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-heating-electric-power-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Heating Electricity Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-heating-electric-energy-j}

These outputs are the sums of the heating electric power consumption of the central heat pump system. Heating Energy is metered on Heating:Electricity, Electricity:Plant, and Electricity:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Cooling Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-cooling-rate-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Cooling Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-cooling-energy-j}

These outputs are the evaporator heat transfer which is the cooling delivered by the central heat pump system. These are the sums of the evaporator heat transfer of individual chiller-heater modules included in the central heat pump system. Cooling Energy is metered on Chiller:EnergyTransfer, EnergyTransfer:Plant, and EnergyTransfer:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Heating Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-heating-rate-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Heating Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-heating-energy-j}

These outputs are the condenser heat transfer which is the heating delivered by the central heat pump system. These are the sums of the condenser heat transfer of individual chiller-heater modules included in the central heat pump system. Heating Energy is metered on Boiler:EnergyTransfer, EnergyTransfer:Plant, and EnergyTransfer:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Source Heat Transfer Rate {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-source-heat-transfer-rate-w}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Source Heat Transfer Energy {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-source-heat-transfer-energy-j}

These outputs are heat transfer which is the heat rejected to a ground source loop or extracted from the source loop, depending on the operating modes of the chiller-heater modules. This is the sums of evaporator heat transfer of the chiller-heater modules in heating-only mode or heating dominant simultaneous cooling-heating mode while the sums of condenser heat transfer of the chiller-heater modules in cooling-only mode or cooling dominant simultaneous cooling-heating mode. Source Heat Transfer Energy is metered on HeatRejection:EnergyTransfer, EnergyTransfer:Plant, and EnergyTransfer:Facility.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Cooling Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-cooling-inlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Cooling Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-cooling-outlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Cooling Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-cooling-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

These outputs are the chilled water inlet and outlet temperatures and flow rate.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Heating Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-heating-inlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Heating Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-heating-outlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Heating Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-heating-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

These outputs are the hot water inlet and outlet temperatures and flow rate.

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Source Inlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-source-inlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Source Outlet Temperature {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-source-outlet-temperature-c}

\paragraph{Chiller Heater System Source Mass Flow Rate {[}kg/s{]}}\label{chiller-heater-system-source-mass-flow-rate-kgs}

These outputs are the source water inlet and outlet temperatures and flow rate.

\subsection{ChillerHeaterPerformance:Electric:EIR}\label{chillerheaterperformancelectriceir}

The performance of the chiller-heater will be defined by two sets of curves meant to describe unloading for: 1) cooling-only mode, and 2) heating-only mode or simultaneous cooling-heating mode. Reference conditions must be defined for both because each has its own set of three unloading curves based on their associated reference conditions. The cooling-mode curves are typically (but not always) based on condenser entering water temperature while the heating-only mode curves are typically based on condenser leaving water temperature. This chiller-heater object allows the user to specify whether to use condenser leaving or condenser entering as a dependent variable to differentiate, if necessary, the condenser temperature basis used to generate the cooling- and heating-only mode curves.

\subsubsection{Field: Name}\label{field-name-19-002}

This alpha field contains the identifying name of the chiller-heater to be included in a central heat pump system.

\subsubsection{Field: Reference Cooling Mode Evaporator Capacity}\label{field-reference-cooling-mode-evaporator-capacity}

This numeric field contains the reference cooling capacity of the evaporator in cooling mode in Watts. This value should be based on the reference temperatures and design water flow rates defined below. This field can be autosized.

\subsubsection{Field: Reference Cooling Mode COP}\label{field-reference-cooling-mode-cop}

This numeric field contains the reference coefficient of performance of the evaporator for cooling. It must be based on the values of Reference Cooling Mode Leaving Chilled Water Temperature and Reference Cooling Mode Entering Condenser Water Temperature defined in the next two fields.

\subsubsection{Field: Reference Cooling Mode Leaving Chilled Water Temperature}\label{field-reference-cooling-mode-leaving-chilled-water-temperature}

This numeric field contains the reference leaving chilled water temperature of the evaporator for cooling in Celsius. The default value is 6.67$^\circ$C.

\subsubsection{Field: Reference Cooling Mode Entering Condenser Water Temperature}\label{field-reference-cooling-mode-entering-condenser-water-temperature}

This numeric field contains the reference entering condenser water temperature of the condenser in the cooling mode in Celsius. The default value is 29.4$^\circ$C.

\subsubsection{Field: Reference Cooling Mode Leaving Condenser Water Temperature}\label{field-reference-cooling-mode-leaving-condenser-water-temperature}

This numeric field contains the reference leaving condenser water temperature of the condenser in the cooling mode in Celsius. The default value is 35.0$^\circ$C.

\subsubsection{Field: Reference Heating Mode Cooling Capacity Ratio}\label{field-reference-heating-mode-cooling-capacity-ratio}

This numeric field contains the evaporator's capacity during the reference heating-only or simultaneous cooling-heating mode as a ratio of reference cooling capacity. For example, the ratio may be expressed as follows:

\begin{equation}
    Ratio = \frac{{EvapCapHt{g_{@Tchw,l = 6.67C,Tcond,l = 51.67C}}}}{{EvapCapC{{\lg }_{@Tchw,l = 6.67C,Tcond,l = 35.0C}}}}
\end{equation}

where Tchw,l is the leaving chilled water temperature and Tcond,l is the leaving condenser water temperature representing the heating-mode and cooling-mode reference temperatures defined elsewhere in this object.

The default is 0.75. This field is used to determine evaporator capacity in heating-only mode or simultaneous cooling-heating mode, multiplying it by the value entered in the field of the Reference Cooling Mode Evaporator Capacity. Note that even when there is no cooling load, i.e., the machine is in heating-only mode, the evaporator must still run and extract heat from the source water. In heating-only mode, the leaving chilled water temperature (Tchw,l) may ~float depending on the evaporator water flow rate and the source water temperature. In simultaneous cooling and heating mode, the leaving chilled water temperature (Tchw,l) does not float but is determined by the chilled water setpoint controls. For both heating-only and simultaneous cooling and heating mode, the leaving condenser temperature (Tcond,l) is determined by the hot water supply setpoint controls. This value of Tchw,l, combined with Tcond,l is plugged into the CAPFT and EIRFT curves to determine the off-rated heating-mode evaporator capacity and associated compressor power.

\subsubsection{Field: Reference Heating Mode Cooling Power Ratio}\label{field-reference-heating-mode-cooling-power-ratio}

This numeric field contains the compressor power during simultaneous cooling-heating mode as a ratio of reference cooling compressor power. For example, the ratio may be expressed as follows:

\begin{equation}
    Ratio = \frac{{Powe{r_{@Tchw,l = 6.67C,Tcond,l = 51.67C}}}}{{Powe{r_{@Tchw,l = 6.67C,Tcond,l = 35.0C}}}}
\end{equation}

The default value is 1.5. This field is used to determine full load compressor power at the simultaneous cooling-heating mode's reference chilled water leaving and condenser water leaving temperatures. Note: In heating-only mode, the chilled water leaving temperature floats so the EIRFT curve is used to modify the simultaneous cooling-heating full load compressor power value.

\subsubsection{Field: Reference Heating Mode Leaving Chilled Water Temperature}\label{field-reference-heating-mode-leaving-chilled-water-temperature}

This numeric field contains the reference leaving chilled water temperature of the evaporator in simultaneous cooling-heating mode in Celsius. This is typically the same as the reference cooling mode value and is used to create the heating-only mode and simultaneous cooling-heating mode unloading curves. The leaving chilled water temperature for the chiller-heater is not allowed to fall below this value during the heating-only mode and simultaneous cooling-heating mode. The default value is 6.67$^\circ$C.

\subsubsection{Field: Reference Heating Mode Leaving Condenser Water Temperature}\label{field-reference-heating-mode-leaving-condenser-water-temperature}

This numeric field contains the reference leaving condenser water temperature of the condenser in heating mode in Celsius. This field is typically controlled to the design hot water supply temperature, and used to create the heating-only mode and simultaneous cooling-heating mode unloading curves. The default value is 60.0$^\circ$C.

\subsubsection{Field: Reference Heating Mode Entering Condenser Water Temperature}\label{field-reference-heating-mode-entering-condenser-water-temperature}

This numeric field contains the reference entering condenser water temperature of the condenser in heating mode in Celsius. This field typically represents the upper limit of the source water temperature. The default value is 29.44$^\circ$C.

\subsubsection{Field: Heating Mode Entering Chilled Water Temperature Low Limit}\label{field-heating-mode-entering-chilled-water-temperature-low-limit}

This numeric field contains the low limit of the entering chilled water temperature in heating-only mode or simultaneous cooling-heating mode in Celsius. This field typically represents the lower limit of the source water temperature. If necessary, auxiliary heat will be activated to prevent source water temperature falling below the chilled water entering minimum. The default value is 12.2$^\circ$C.

\subsubsection{Field: Chilled Water Flow Mode Type}\label{field-chilled-water-flow-mode-type}

This alpha field contains the chilled water flow control mode. Valid water flow mode includes constant flow and variable flow, and the default water flow mode is constant flow.

\subsubsection{Field: Design Chilled Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-chilled-water-flow-rate-8}

This numeric field contains the design chilled water flow rate in m\(^{3}\)/s. The minimum value for this field must be greater than zero, and this field is autosizable.

\subsubsection{Field: Design Condenser Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-condenser-water-flow-rate-7}

This numeric field contains the design condenser water flow rate in m\(^{3}\)/s. The minimum value for this field must be greater than zero, and this field is autosizable.

\subsubsection{Field: Design Hot Water Flow Rate}\label{field-design-hot-water-flow-rate-2}

This numeric field contains the design hot water flow rate in m\(^{3}\)/s. The minimum value and default value for this field are zero, and this field is autosizable.

\subsubsection{Field: Compressor Motor Efficiency}\label{field-compressor-motor-efficiency}

This numeric field contains the fraction of efficiency of the compressor electrical energy consumption that must be rejected by the condenser. This value must be between 0.0 and 1.0, and the default value is 1.0.

\subsubsection{Field: Condenser Type}\label{field-condenser-type-7}

This alpha field contains the type of condenser.  The two valid options include AirCooled and WaterCooled. If WaterCooled is selected, the full specification of the condenser loop and its associated equipment is required. The default value is WaterCooled.

\subsubsection{Field: Cooling Mode Temperature Curve Condenser Water Independent Variable}\label{field-cooling-mode-temperature-curve-condenser-water-independent-variable}

This alpha field determines whether the entering or leaving condenser water temperature is used in the cooling mode unloading performance curves that follow. Valid variables include EnteringCondenser and LeavingCondenser, and the default variable is EnteringCondenser. The condenser temperature used for the cooling mode unloading performance curves will be dependent on this field input. For example, leaving condenser water temperature will be used when the LeavingCondenser is chosen, otherwise entering condenser water temperature.

\subsubsection{Field: Cooling Mode Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-cooling-mode-cooling-capacity-function-of-temperature-curve-name}

This alpha field contains the name of a biquadratic performance curve (ref: Performance Curves) that parameterizes the variation of the evaporator capacity as a function of the leaving chilled water temperature and either the entering condenser water temperature or the leaving condenser water temperature as defined in the previous field. It is then multiplied by the reference evaporator capacity to give the cooling capacity at specific temperature operating conditions (i.e., at temperatures different from the reference temperatures). The curve should have a value of 1.0 at the reference temperatures and flow rates specified above. The biquadratic curve should be valid for the range of water temperatures anticipated for the simulation.

\subsubsection{Field: Cooling Mode Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-cooling-mode-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-temperature-curve-name}

This alpha field contains the name of a biquadratic performance curve (ref: Performance Curves) that parameterizes the variation of the energy input to cooling output ratio (EIR) as a function of the leaving chilled water temperature and either the entering condenser water temperature or the leaving condenser water temperature as defined by the user. The EIR is the inverse of the COP. It is then multiplied by the reference EIR (inverse of the reference COP) to give the EIR at specific temperature operating conditions (i.e., at temperatures different from the reference temperatures). The curve should have a value of 1.0 at the reference temperatures and flow rates specified above. The biquadratic curve should be valid for the range of water temperatures anticipated for the simulation.

\subsubsection{Field: Cooling Mode Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{field-cooling-mode-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve-name}

This alpha field contains the name of a performance curve (ref: Performance Curves) that parameterizes the variation of the energy input to cooling output ratio (EIR) as a function of the part-load ratio (EIRFPLR). The EIR is the inverse of the COP, and the part-load ratio is the actual cooling load divided by the available cooling capacity of the chiller-heater. This curve is generated by dividing the operating electric input power by the available full-load capacity at the specific operating temperatures. The curve output should decrease from 1 towards 0 as part-load ratio decreases from 1 to 0. Note that the bi-cubic formulation is generally only valid when LeavingCondenser variable is chosen for the field of Cooling Mode Condenser Water Temperature Curve Input Variable whereas the quadratic curve can be used both choices, i.e., LeavingCondenser and EnteringCondenser. The output of this curve is then multiplied by the reference full-load EIR and the EIRFT to give the EIR at the specific temperatures and part-load ratio at which the chiller-heater is operating. This curve should have a value of 1.0 when the part-load ratio equals 1.0. The curve should be valid for the range of part-load ratios anticipated for the simulation.

\subsubsection{Field: Cooling Mode Cooling Capacity Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-cooling-mode-cooling-capacity-optimum-part-load-ratio}

This numeric field contains the chiller-heater's optimum part-load ratio. This is the part-load ratio at which the chiller-heater performs at its maximum COP. The optimum part-load ratio must be greater than or equal to the minimum part-load ratio, and less than or equal to the maximum part-load ratio. (Note: Both the minimum part-load ratio and maximum part-load ratio are taken from the Cooling Mode EIRFPLR curve definition.) The default value is 1.0.

\subsubsection{Field: Heating Mode Temperature Curve Condenser Water Independent Variable}\label{field-heating-mode-temperature-curve-condenser-water-independent-variable}

This alpha field determines whether the entering or leaving condenser water temperature is used in the heating mode unloading performance curves that follow. Valid variables include EnteringCondenser and LeavingCondenser, and the default variable is EnteringCondenser. The condenser temperature used for the cooling mode unloading performance curves will be dependent on this field input. For example, leaving condenser water temperature will be used when the LeavingCondenser is chosen, otherwise entering condenser water temperature.

\subsubsection{Field: Heating Mode Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-heating-mode-cooling-capacity-function-of-temperature-curve-name}

This alpha field contains the name of a biquadratic performance curve (ref: Performance Curves) that parameterizes the variation of the evaporator capacity in heating mode as a function of the leaving chilled water temperature and either the entering condenser water temperature or the leaving condenser water temperature as defined in the previous field. This curve is used to evaluate the adjusted evaporator capacity during heating-only mode or simultaneous cooling-heating mode. This adjusted capacity is used as part of the cooling part-load calculation for the EIRFPLR curve. It is then multiplied by the reference evaporator capacity to give the cooling capacity at specific temperature operating conditions (i.e., at temperatures different from the reference temperatures). The curve should have a value of 1.0 at the reference temperatures and flow rates specified above. The biquadratic curve should be valid for the range of water temperatures anticipated for the simulation.

\subsubsection{Field: Heating Mode Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve Name}\label{field-heating-mode-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-temperature-curve-name}

This alpha field contains the name of a biquadratic performance curve (ref: Performance Curves) that parameterizes the variation of the energy input to cooling output ratio (EIR) as a function of the leaving chilled water temperature and either the entering condenser water temperature or the leaving condenser water temperature as defined by the user. The EIR is the inverse of the COP. It is then multiplied by the reference EIR (inverse of the reference COP) to give the EIR at specific temperature operating conditions (i.e., at temperatures different from the reference temperatures). The curve should have a value of 1.0 at the reference temperatures and flow rates specified above. The biquadratic curve should be valid for the range of water temperatures anticipated for the simulation.

\subsubsection{Field: Heating Mode Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve Name}\label{field-heating-mode-electric-input-to-cooling-output-ratio-function-of-part-load-ratio-curve-name}

This alpha field contains the name of a performance curve (ref: Performance Curves) that parameterizes the variation of the energy input to cooling output ratio (EIR) as a function of the part-load ratio (EIRFPLR). The EIR is the inverse of the COP, and the part-load ratio is the actual evaporator load divided by the available evaporator capacity of the chiller-heater at the reference heating and simultaneous cooling-heating mode temperatures. This curve is generated by dividing the operating electric input power by the available full-load capacity (do not divide by load) at the specific operating temperatures. The curve output should decrease from 1 towards 0 as part-load ratio decreases from 1 to 0. Note that the bicubic formulation below can only be used when the chiller-heater uses a variable speed compressor motor drive. It is also generally valid only when LeavingCondenser variable is chosen for the field of Cooling Mode Condenser Water Temperature Curve Input Variable whereas the quadratic curve can be used both choices, i.e., LeavingCondenser and EnteringCondenser. The output of this curve is then multiplied by the reference full-load EIR (inverse of the reference COP) and the EIRFT to give the EIR at the specific temperatures and part-load ratio at which the chiller-heater is operating. This curve should have a value of 1.0 when the part-load ratio equals 1.0. The curve should be valid for the range of part-load ratios anticipated for the simulation.

\subsubsection{Field: Heating Mode Cooling Capacity Optimum Part Load Ratio}\label{field-heating-mode-cooling-capacity-optimum-part-load-ratio}

This numeric field contains the chiller-heater's optimum part-load ratio during heating-only mode or simultaneous cooling-heating mode. This is the part-load ratio at which the chiller-heater performs at its maximum COP. The optimum part-load ratio must be greater than or equal to the minimum part-load ratio, and less than or equal to the maximum part-load ratio. (Note: Both the minimum part-load ratio and maximum part-load ratio are taken from the Heating Mode EIRFPLR curve definition.) The default value is 1.0.

\subsubsection{Field: Sizing Factor}\label{field-sizing-factor-12}

This optional numeric field allows the user to specify a sizing factor for this component. The Sizing Factor is a multiplier on the design plant chilled water loop flow rate associated with the chiller-heaters parent \hyperref[centralheatpumpsystem]{CentralHeatPumpSystem} object. The chiller-heater's modified chilled water flow can then be used to autocalculate the Design Condenser Water Flow Rate and Reference Cooling Mode Evaporator Capacity values. In general, it is best to autosize all three fields or set fixed values for all three fields.

An example of this statement in an IDF is:

\begin{lstlisting}
ChillerHeaterPerformance:Electric:EIR,
  ChillerHeaterModule 1,      !- Name
  12500,                      !- Reference Cooling Mode Evaporator Capacity {W}
  1.5,                        !- Reference Cooling Mode COP {W/W}
  6.67,                       !- Reference Cooling Mode Leaving Chilled Water Temperature {C}
  29.4,                       !- Reference Cooling Mode Entering Condenser Fluid Temperature {C}
  35.0,                       !- Reference Cooling Mode Leaving Condenser Water Temperature {C}
  0.74,                       !- Reference Heating Mode Cooling Capacity Ratio
  1.38,                       !- Reference Heating Mode Cooling Power Input Ratio
  6.67,                       !- Reference Heating Mode Leaving Chilled Water Temperature {C}
  60,                         !- Reference Heating Mode Leaving Condenser Water Temperature {C}
  29.44,                      !- Reference Heating Mode Entering Condenser Fluid Temperature {C}
  5,                          !- Heating Mode Entering Chilled Water Temperature Low Limit {C}
  VariableFlow,               !- Chilled Water Flow Mode Type
  0.0003525,                  !- Design Chilled Water Flow Rate {m$^{3}$/s}
  0.0005525,                  !- Design Condenser Water Flow Rate {m$^{3}$/s}
  0.0003525,                  !- Design Hot Water Flow Rate {m$^{3}$/s}
  1,                          !- Compressor Motor Efficiency
  WaterCooled,                !- Condenser Type
  EnteringCondenser,          !- Cooling Mode Temperature Curve Condenser Water Independent Variable
  ChillerHeaterClgCapFT,      !- Cooling Mode Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name
  ChillerHeaterClgEIRFT,      !- Cooling Mode Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of
                              !- Temperature Curve Name
  ChillerHeaterClgEIRFPLR,    !- Cooling Mode Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load
                              !- Ratio Curve Name
  1,                          !- Cooling Mode Cooling Capacity Optimum Part Load Ratio
  LeavingCondenser,           !- Heating Mode Temperature Curve Condenser Water Independent Variable
  ChillerHeaterHtgCapFT,      !- Heating Mode Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve Name
  ChillerHeaterHtgEIRFT,      !- Heating Mode Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of
                              !- Temperature Curve Name
  ChillerHeaterHtgEIRFPLR,    !- Heating Mode Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load
                              !- Ratio Curve Name
  1,                          !- Heating Mode Cooling Capacity Optimum Part Load Ratio
  1;                          !- Sizing Factor
\end{lstlisting}

\subsection{ChillerHeaterPerformance:Electric:EIR Outputs}\label{chillerheaterperformanceelectriceir-outputs}

\begin{itemize}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Operation Mode Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Part Load Ratio Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Cycling Ratio Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Energy Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Energy Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Cooling Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Cooling Energy Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater False Load Heat Transfer Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater False Load Heat Transfer Energy Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}W{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Sum,Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Energy Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}J{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Evaporator Inlet Temperature Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Evaporator Outlet Temperature Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Evaporator Mass Flow Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Inlet Temperature Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Outlet Temperature Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Condenser Mass Flow Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}kg/s{]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater COP Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater Capacity Temperature Modifier Multiplier Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater EIR Temperature Modifier Multiplier Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[]}
    \item
    HVAC,Average,Chiller Heater EIR Part Load Modifier Multiplier Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[]}
\end{itemize}

Note that much of these output variables are adapted from the definitions above under ``Generic Chiller Outputs'' and ``Electric EIR Chiller Outputs.'' The following outputs are repeated up to the maximum of individual chiller-heater module objects. The maximum number may be different from the number of object defined in this object when users define two or more identical chiller-heater modules for a single chiller heater object in the central heat pump system.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Operation Mode Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} \protect\hyperlink{section-1}{~}}\label{chiller-heater-operation-mode-unit-x}

This output represents the operating mode of the chiller-heater module. Two single mode outputs and three simultaneous cooling-heating mode outputs are possible:

\begin{enumerate}
    \def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
    \setcounter{enumi}{-1}
    \item
    off
    \item
    cooling-only mode
    \item
    heating-only mode
    \item
    heat recovery mode
    \item
    cooling dominant simultaneous cooling-heating mode
    \item
    heating dominant simultaneous cooling-heating mode.
\end{enumerate}

The first mode 0 is reported when the chiller-heater is turned off. The next two modes 2 and 3 are reported when the chiller-heater provides only either cooling or heating, respectively. The last three modes 3 to 5 indicate when the chiller-heater is in a simultaneous cooling-heating mode. Mode 3 indicates the chiller-heaters provides simultaneous cooling and heating \textbf{\emph{without}} heat exchange with the ground source. Mode 4 denotes that at least one of the chiller-heater modules in the central heat pump system provides both cooling and heating, and the chiller-heater is meeting remaining cooling demand (see Figure~\ref{fig:diagram-of-a-central-heat-pump-system-with-002}. Diagram of a central heat pump system with one chiller-heater in heat recovery mode and two chiller-heaters in cooling-only mode) Similarly, mode 5 indicates that at least one of the chiller-heater modules in the central heat pump system is in the heat recovery mode, and the chiller-heater is meeting remaining heating demand (see Figure~\ref{fig:diagram-of-a-central-heat-pump-system-with-003}).

Note that the decision to operate individual chiller-heater modules is solely dependent on the chiller-heater schedule and loads. A fraction may appear in case the chiller-heater mode varies within a zone time step. In this particular case, users may define a detailed reporting frequency for this output variable.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Part Load Ratio Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} \protect\hyperlink{section-1}{~}}\label{chiller-heater-part-load-ratio-unit-x}

This output is the ratio of the evaporator heat transfer rate plus the false load heat transfer rate (if applicable) to the available chiller-heater capacity. This value is used to determine ChillerEIRFPLR.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Cycling Ratio Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} \protect\hyperlink{section-1}{~}}\label{chiller-heater-cycling-ratio-unit-x}

The cycling ratio is the amount of time the chiller-heater operates during each simulation time step. If the chiller-heater part-load ratio falls below the minimum part-load ratio, the chiller-heater cycles on and off to meet the loads.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-electric-power-unit-x-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Cooling Electricity Energy Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-electric-energy-unit-x-j}

These outputs are the cooling electric power consumption of the chiller-heater.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-electric-power-unit-x-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Heating Electricity Energy Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-heating-electric-energy-unit-x-j}

These outputs are the heating electric power consumption of the chiller-heater.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Cooling Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-rate-unit-x-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Cooling Energy Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cooling-energy-unit-x-j}

These outputs are the evaporator heat transfer which is the cooling delivered by the chiller-heater module.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater False Load Heat Transfer Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}W{]}}\label{chiller-heater-false-load-heat-transfer-rate-unit-x-w}

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater False Load Heat Transfer Energy Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}J{]}}\label{chiller-heater-false-load-heat-transfer-energy-unit-x-j}

These outputs are the heat transfer rate and total heat transfer due to false loading of the chiller-heater. When the chiller-heater part-load ratio is below the minimum unloading ratio, the chiller-heater false loads (e.g.~hot-gas bypass) to further reduce capacity.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-condenser-heat-transfer-rate-unit-x-c}

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Condenser Heat Transfer Energy Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-condenser-heat-transfer-energy-unit-x-c}

These outputs are the heat transfer which is the heating delivered by the chiller-heater module in heating mode.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Evaporator Inlet Temperature Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-evaporator-inlet-temperature-unit-x-c}

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Evaporator Outlet Temperature Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-evaporator-outlet-temperature-unit-x-c}

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Evaporator Mass Flow Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-evaporator-mass-flow-rate-unit-x-c}

These outputs are the evaporator water inlet and outlet temperatures and flow rate. Note that these represent the chilled water temperatures and flow rate in cooling mode or the source water temperature and flow rate in heating mode.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Condenser Inlet Temperature Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-condenser-inlet-temperature-unit-x-c}

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Condenser Outlet Temperature Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-condenser-outlet-temperature-unit-x-c}

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Condenser Mass Flow Rate Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-condenser-mass-flow-rate-unit-x-c}

These outputs are the condenser water inlet and outlet temperatures and flow rate. Note that these represent the hot water temperatures and flow rate in heating mode or the source water temperature and flow rate in cooling mode.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater COP Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-cop-unit-x-c}

This output is the coefficient of performance for the chiller-heater. It is calculated as the evaporator heat transfer rate divided by the chiller-heater electric power.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater Capacity Temperature Modifier Multiplier Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-capacity-temperature-modifier-multiplier-unit-x-c}

This is the output of the curve object Cooling Capacity Function of Temperature Curve.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater EIR Temperature Modifier Multiplier Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-eir-temperature-modifier-multiplier-unit-x-c}

This is the output of the curve object Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Temperature Curve.

\subsubsection{Chiller Heater EIR Part Load Modifier Multiplier Unit \textless{}x\textgreater{} {[}C{]}}\label{chiller-heater-eir-part-load-modifier-multiplier-unit-x-c}

This is the output of the curve object Electric Input to Cooling Output Ratio Function of Part Load Ratio Curve.
